syntax-error cannot be emitted, raises InvalidMessageError instead

[jacobtylerwalls]

Bug description

When AstroidSyntaxError is caught and a syntax-error is raised, an assertion fails when a line number is lacking.

I suppose we could either raise "fatal" instead or expand _SCOPE_EXEMPT to also include syntax-error.

Configuration

No response

Command used

python3 -m pylint coverage.tracer

Pylint output

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.13_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/tokenize.py", line 330, in find_cookie
    line_string = line.decode('utf-8')
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xcf in position 0: invalid continuation byte

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/opt/homebrew/lib/python3.9/site-packages/astroid/builder.py", line 105, in file_build
    stream, encoding, data = open_source_file(path)
  File "/opt/homebrew/lib/python3.9/site-packages/astroid/builder.py", line 40, in open_source_file
    encoding = detect_encoding(byte_stream.readline)[0]
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.13_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/tokenize.py", line 371, in detect_encoding
    encoding = find_cookie(first)
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.13_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/tokenize.py", line 335, in find_cookie
    raise SyntaxError(msg)
SyntaxError: invalid or missing encoding declaration for '/opt/homebrew/lib/python3.9/site-packages/coverage/tracer.cpython-39-darwin.so'

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/lint/pylinter.py", line 1014, in get_ast
    return MANAGER.ast_from_file(filepath, modname, source=True)
  File "/opt/homebrew/lib/python3.9/site-packages/astroid/manager.py", line 117, in ast_from_file
    return AstroidBuilder(self).file_build(filepath, modname)
  File "/opt/homebrew/lib/python3.9/site-packages/astroid/builder.py", line 114, in file_build
    raise AstroidSyntaxError(
astroid.exceptions.AstroidSyntaxError: Python 3 encoding specification error or unknown encoding:
invalid or missing encoding declaration for '/opt/homebrew/lib/python3.9/site-packages/coverage/tracer.cpython-39-darwin.so'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.13_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/runpy.py", line 197, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.13_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/__main__.py", line 10, in <module>
    pylint.run_pylint()
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/__init__.py", line 35, in run_pylint
    PylintRun(argv or sys.argv[1:])
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/lint/run.py", line 207, in __init__
    linter.check(args)
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/lint/pylinter.py", line 691, in check
    ast_per_fileitem = self._get_asts(fileitems, data)
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/lint/pylinter.py", line 706, in _get_asts
    ast_per_fileitem[fileitem] = self.get_ast(
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/lint/pylinter.py", line 1019, in get_ast
    self.add_message(
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/lint/pylinter.py", line 1307, in add_message
    self._add_one_message(
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/lint/pylinter.py", line 1202, in _add_one_message
    message_definition.check_message_definition(line, node)
  File "/Users/.../pylint/pylint/message/message_definition.py", line 116, in check_message_definition
    raise InvalidMessageError(
pylint.exceptions.InvalidMessageError: Message E0001 must provide line, got None

Expected behavior

E001
or perhaps a Fatal error

Pylint version

pylint 2.16.0-dev
astroid 2.12.2
Python 3.9.13 (main, May 24 2022, 21:13:51) 
[Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2)]

OS / Environment

No response

Additional dependencies

coverage==6.4.4

[Pierre-Sassoulas]

Should we simply use 0 as the line number ? I'm surprised mypy did not warn us.