diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 24306ba81..6888cd36b 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - Allow exceptions that are raised while a Live is rendered to be displayed and/or processed https://github.com/Textualize/rich/pull/2305
 - Fix crashes that can happen with `inspect` when docstrings contain some special control codes https://github.com/Textualize/rich/pull/2294
 - Fix edges used in first row of tables when `show_header=False` https://github.com/Textualize/rich/pull/2330
+- Fix interaction between `Capture` contexts and `Console(record=True)` https://github.com/Textualize/rich/pull/2343
 - Fixed hash issue in Styles class https://github.com/Textualize/rich/pull/2346
 
 ## [12.4.4] - 2022-05-24
diff --git a/rich/console.py b/rich/console.py
index eba27611d..230ca769c 100644
--- a/rich/console.py
+++ b/rich/console.py
@@ -1959,11 +1959,11 @@ def _check_buffer(self) -> None:
             del self._buffer[:]
             return
         with self._lock:
-            if self._buffer_index == 0:
+            if self.record:
+                with self._record_buffer_lock:
+                    self._record_buffer.extend(self._buffer[:])
 
-                if self.record:
-                    with self._record_buffer_lock:
-                        self._record_buffer.extend(self._buffer[:])
+            if self._buffer_index == 0:
 
                 if self.is_jupyter:  # pragma: no cover
                     from .jupyter import display
diff --git a/tests/test_console.py b/tests/test_console.py
index 828d37757..2db88af0b 100644
--- a/tests/test_console.py
+++ b/tests/test_console.py
@@ -351,6 +351,23 @@ def test_capture():
     assert capture.get() == "Hello\n"
 
 
+def test_capture_and_record(capsys):
+    recorder = Console(record=True)
+    recorder.print("ABC")
+
+    with recorder.capture() as capture:
+        recorder.print("Hello")
+
+    assert capture.get() == "Hello\n"
+
+    recorded_text = recorder.export_text()
+    out, err = capsys.readouterr()
+
+    assert recorded_text == "ABC\nHello\n"
+    assert capture.get() == "Hello\n"
+    assert out == "ABC\n"
+
+
 def test_input(monkeypatch, capsys):
     def fake_input(prompt=""):
         console.file.write(prompt)