diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 06dbb07c03..fe9b2553fd 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -103,6 +103,8 @@ This config does NOT lint CSS. I personally use [UnoCSS](https://github.com/unoc
 
 Sure, you can override the rules in your `.eslintrc` file.
 
+<!-- eslint-skip -->
+
 ```jsonc
 {
   "extends": "@antfu",
diff --git a/fixtures/vitesse/src/components/Footer.vue b/fixtures/vitesse/src/components/Footer.vue
index d1c827cf33..ae1893b9a9 100644
--- a/fixtures/vitesse/src/components/Footer.vue
+++ b/fixtures/vitesse/src/components/Footer.vue
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 const { t, availableLocales, locale } = useI18n()
 
-const toggleLocales = () => {
+function toggleLocales() {
   // change to some real logic
   const locales = availableLocales
   locale.value = locales[(locales.indexOf(locale.value) + 1) % locales.length]
diff --git a/fixtures/vitesse/src/pages/index.vue b/fixtures/vitesse/src/pages/index.vue
index f39fcae06a..dc0eb4ef2e 100644
--- a/fixtures/vitesse/src/pages/index.vue
+++ b/fixtures/vitesse/src/pages/index.vue
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ const user = useUserStore()
 const name = $ref(user.savedName)
 
 const router = useRouter()
-const go = () => {
+function go() {
   if (name)
     router.push(`/hi/${encodeURIComponent(name)}`)
 }
diff --git a/packages/eslint-config-basic/index.js b/packages/eslint-config-basic/index.js
index 55abb98938..155f16932c 100644
--- a/packages/eslint-config-basic/index.js
+++ b/packages/eslint-config-basic/index.js
@@ -365,6 +365,7 @@ module.exports = {
     // antfu
     'antfu/if-newline': 'error',
     'antfu/import-dedupe': 'error',
+    'antfu/top-level-function': 'error',
     // 'antfu/prefer-inline-type-import': 'error',
   },
 }
diff --git a/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/index.ts b/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/index.ts
index 3a39f9e619..9d3774c447 100644
--- a/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/index.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import genericSpacing from './rules/generic-spacing'
 import ifNewline from './rules/if-newline'
 import importDedupe from './rules/import-dedupe'
 import preferInlineTypeImport from './rules/prefer-inline-type-import'
+import topLevelFunction from './rules/top-level-function'
 
 export default {
   rules: {
@@ -9,5 +10,6 @@ export default {
     'import-dedupe': importDedupe,
     'prefer-inline-type-import': preferInlineTypeImport,
     'generic-spacing': genericSpacing,
+    'top-level-function': topLevelFunction,
   },
 }
diff --git a/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/rules/top-level-function.test.ts b/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/rules/top-level-function.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..116b30fc1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/rules/top-level-function.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { RuleTester } from '@typescript-eslint/utils/dist/ts-eslint'
+import { it } from 'vitest'
+import rule, { RULE_NAME } from './top-level-function'
+
+const valids = [
+  'function foo() {}',
+  // allow arrow function inside function
+  'function foo() { const bar = () => {} }',
+  // allow arrow function when type is specified
+  'const Foo: Bar = () => {}',
+  // allow let/var
+  'let foo = () => {}',
+  // allow arrow function in as
+  'const foo = (() => {}) as any',
+  // allow iife
+  ';(() => {})()',
+]
+
+const invalids = [
+  [
+    'const foo = (as: string, bar: number) => { return as + bar }',
+    'function foo (as: string, bar: number) { return as + bar }',
+  ],
+  [
+    'const foo = <K, T extends Boolean>(as: string, bar: number): Omit<T, K> => as + bar',
+    'function foo <K, T extends Boolean>(as: string, bar: number): Omit<T, K> { return as + bar }',
+  ],
+  [
+    'export const foo = () => {}',
+    'export function foo () {}',
+  ],
+  [
+    'export const foo = () => ({})',
+    'export function foo () { return {} }',
+  ],
+]
+
+it('runs', () => {
+  const ruleTester: RuleTester = new RuleTester({
+    parser: require.resolve('@typescript-eslint/parser'),
+  })
+
+  ruleTester.run(RULE_NAME, rule, {
+    valid: valids,
+    invalid: invalids.map(i => ({
+      code: i[0],
+      output: i[1],
+      errors: [{ messageId: 'topLevelFunctionDeclaration' }],
+    })),
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/rules/top-level-function.ts b/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/rules/top-level-function.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a5056ede4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/eslint-plugin-antfu/src/rules/top-level-function.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import { createEslintRule } from '../utils'
+
+export const RULE_NAME = 'top-level-function'
+export type MessageIds = 'topLevelFunctionDeclaration'
+export type Options = []
+
+export default createEslintRule<Options, MessageIds>({
+  name: RULE_NAME,
+  meta: {
+    type: 'problem',
+    docs: {
+      description: 'Enforce top-level functions to be declared with function keyword',
+      recommended: 'error',
+    },
+    fixable: 'code',
+    schema: [],
+    messages: {
+      topLevelFunctionDeclaration: 'Top-level functions should be declared with function keyword',
+    },
+  },
+  defaultOptions: [],
+  create: (context) => {
+    return {
+      VariableDeclaration(node) {
+        if (node.parent.type !== 'Program' && node.parent.type !== 'ExportNamedDeclaration')
+          return
+
+        if (node.declarations.length !== 1)
+          return
+        if (node.kind !== 'const')
+          return
+        if (node.declare)
+          return
+
+        const declaration = node.declarations[0]
+
+        if (declaration.init?.type !== 'ArrowFunctionExpression')
+          return
+        if (declaration.id?.type !== 'Identifier')
+          return
+        if (declaration.id.typeAnnotation)
+          return
+
+        const arrowFn = declaration.init
+        const body = declaration.init.body
+        const id = declaration.id
+
+        context.report({
+          node,
+          loc: {
+            start: node.loc.start,
+            end: node.loc.end,
+          },
+          messageId: 'topLevelFunctionDeclaration',
+          fix(fixer) {
+            const code = context.getSourceCode().text
+            const textName = code.slice(id.range[0], id.range[1])
+            const textArgs = arrowFn.params.length
+              ? code.slice(arrowFn.params[0].range[0], arrowFn.params[arrowFn.params.length - 1].range[1])
+              : ''
+            const textBody = body.type === 'BlockStatement'
+              ? code.slice(body.range[0], body.range[1])
+              : `{ return ${code.slice(body.range[0], body.range[1])} }`
+            const textGeneric = arrowFn.typeParameters
+              ? code.slice(arrowFn.typeParameters.range[0], arrowFn.typeParameters.range[1])
+              : ''
+            const textTypeReturn = arrowFn.returnType
+              ? code.slice(arrowFn.returnType.range[0], arrowFn.returnType.range[1])
+              : ''
+            const text = `function ${textName} ${textGeneric}(${textArgs})${textTypeReturn} ${textBody}`
+            // console.log({
+            //   input: code.slice(node.range[0], node.range[1]),
+            //   output: text,
+            // })
+            return fixer.replaceTextRange([node.range[0], node.range[1]], text)
+          },
+        })
+      },
+    }
+  },
+})