diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/src/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/src/index.js
index bc2dab189a45..aa6b6be88529 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/src/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/src/index.js
@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ export default declare(
   (
     api,
     {
-      jsxPragma = "React",
+      jsxPragma = "React.createElement",
+      jsxPragmaFrag = "React.Fragment",
       allowNamespaces = false,
       allowDeclareFields = false,
       onlyRemoveTypeImports = false,
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ export default declare(
   ) => {
     api.assertVersion(7);
 
-    const JSX_ANNOTATION_REGEX = /\*?\s*@jsx\s+([^\s]+)/;
+    const JSX_PRAGMA_REGEX = /\*?\s*@jsx((?:Frag)?)\s+([^\s]+)/;
 
     const classMemberVisitors = {
       field(path) {
@@ -157,6 +158,7 @@ export default declare(
         Program(path, state) {
           const { file } = state;
           let fileJsxPragma = null;
+          let fileJsxPragmaFrag = null;
 
           if (!GLOBAL_TYPES.has(path.node)) {
             GLOBAL_TYPES.set(path.node, new Set());
@@ -164,9 +166,14 @@ export default declare(
 
           if (file.ast.comments) {
             for (const comment of (file.ast.comments: Array<Object>)) {
-              const jsxMatches = JSX_ANNOTATION_REGEX.exec(comment.value);
+              const jsxMatches = JSX_PRAGMA_REGEX.exec(comment.value);
               if (jsxMatches) {
-                fileJsxPragma = jsxMatches[1];
+                if (jsxMatches[1]) {
+                  // isFragment
+                  fileJsxPragmaFrag = jsxMatches[2];
+                } else {
+                  fileJsxPragma = jsxMatches[2];
+                }
               }
             }
           }
@@ -176,6 +183,11 @@ export default declare(
             [pragmaImportName] = pragmaImportName.split(".");
           }
 
+          let pragmaFragImportName = fileJsxPragmaFrag || jsxPragmaFrag;
+          if (pragmaFragImportName) {
+            [pragmaFragImportName] = pragmaFragImportName.split(".");
+          }
+
           // remove type imports
           for (let stmt of path.get("body")) {
             if (t.isImportDeclaration(stmt)) {
@@ -210,7 +222,8 @@ export default declare(
                     isImportTypeOnly({
                       binding,
                       programPath: path,
-                      jsxPragma: pragmaImportName,
+                      pragmaImportName,
+                      pragmaFragImportName,
                     })
                   ) {
                     importsToRemove.push(binding.path);
@@ -445,25 +458,31 @@ export default declare(
       // 'access' and 'readonly' are only for parameter properties, so constructor visitor will handle them.
     }
 
-    function isImportTypeOnly({ binding, programPath, jsxPragma }) {
+    function isImportTypeOnly({
+      binding,
+      programPath,
+      pragmaImportName,
+      pragmaFragImportName,
+    }) {
       for (const path of binding.referencePaths) {
         if (!isInType(path)) {
           return false;
         }
       }
 
-      if (binding.identifier.name !== jsxPragma) {
+      if (
+        binding.identifier.name !== pragmaImportName &&
+        binding.identifier.name !== pragmaFragImportName
+      ) {
         return true;
       }
 
-      // "React" or the JSX pragma is referenced as a value if there are any JSX elements in the code.
+      // "React" or the JSX pragma is referenced as a value if there are any JSX elements/fragments in the code.
       let sourceFileHasJsx = false;
       programPath.traverse({
-        JSXElement() {
-          sourceFileHasJsx = true;
-        },
-        JSXFragment() {
+        "JSXElement|JSXFragment"(path) {
           sourceFileHasJsx = true;
+          path.stop();
         },
       });
       return !sourceFileHasJsx;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-namespace-no/input.ts b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-namespace-no/input.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e97a799784f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-namespace-no/input.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+/* @jsxFrag jsx.htm */
+// Don't elide htm if a JSX fragment appears somewhere.
+import * as jsx from "fake-jsx-package";
+<></>;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-namespace-no/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-namespace-no/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2c7aa7bce294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-namespace-no/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "plugins": [["transform-typescript", { "isTSX": true }]]
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-namespace-no/output.mjs b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-namespace-no/output.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e97a799784f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-namespace-no/output.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+/* @jsxFrag jsx.htm */
+// Don't elide htm if a JSX fragment appears somewhere.
+import * as jsx from "fake-jsx-package";
+<></>;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-no/input.ts b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-no/input.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0d84aa8520bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-no/input.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+/* @jsxFrag htm */
+// Don't elide htm if a JSX fragment appears somewhere.
+import { htm } from "fake-jsx-package";
+<></>;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-no/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-no/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2c7aa7bce294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-no/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "plugins": [["transform-typescript", { "isTSX": true }]]
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-no/output.mjs b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-no/output.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0d84aa8520bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-jsx-pragmaFrag-no/output.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+/* @jsxFrag htm */
+// Don't elide htm if a JSX fragment appears somewhere.
+import { htm } from "fake-jsx-package";
+<></>;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no-2/input.ts b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no-2/input.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c07a3ce21083
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no-2/input.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// Don't elide Preact if a JSX fragment appears somewhere.
+import { Fragment, render } from "preact";
+<></>;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no-2/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no-2/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7672b90ff149
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no-2/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "plugins": [
+    [
+      "transform-typescript",
+      { "jsxPragma": "h", "jsxPragmaFrag": "Fragment", "isTSX": true }
+    ]
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no-2/output.mjs b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no-2/output.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..69895bc7d521
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no-2/output.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// Don't elide Preact if a JSX fragment appears somewhere.
+import { Fragment } from "preact";
+<></>;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/input.ts b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/input.ts
index b2ac3334b3aa..39adb36375a1 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/input.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/input.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 // Don't elide Preact if a JSX element appears somewhere.
-import { h, render } from "preact";
+import { h, Fragment, render } from "preact";
 <div></div>;
+<></>;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/options.json
index 7991464b9fc9..7672b90ff149 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/options.json
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/options.json
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
 {
-  "plugins": [["transform-typescript", { "jsxPragma": "h", "isTSX": true }]]
+  "plugins": [
+    [
+      "transform-typescript",
+      { "jsxPragma": "h", "jsxPragmaFrag": "Fragment", "isTSX": true }
+    ]
+  ]
 }
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/output.mjs b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/output.mjs
index 8260408197df..16d75bed3f1c 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/output.mjs
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact-no/output.mjs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 // Don't elide Preact if a JSX element appears somewhere.
-import { h } from "preact";
+import { h, Fragment } from "preact";
 <div></div>;
+<></>;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact/input.ts b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact/input.ts
index b656b79fdc6f..3ce0a72c25e6 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact/input.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/fixtures/imports/elide-preact/input.ts
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-import { FooBar, h } from "preact";
+import { FooBar, h, Fragment } from "preact";
 const x: FooBar = 0;
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-typescript/src/index.js b/packages/babel-preset-typescript/src/index.js
index 74f885371395..a6376d79dc11 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-typescript/src/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-typescript/src/index.js
@@ -9,12 +9,17 @@ export default declare(
       allowDeclareFields,
       allowNamespaces,
       jsxPragma,
+      jsxPragmaFrag = "React.Fragment",
       isTSX = false,
       onlyRemoveTypeImports,
     },
   ) => {
     api.assertVersion(7);
 
+    if (typeof jsxPragmaFrag !== "string") {
+      throw new Error(".jsxPragmaFrag must be a string, or undefined");
+    }
+
     if (typeof allExtensions !== "boolean") {
       throw new Error(".allExtensions must be a boolean, or undefined");
     }
@@ -32,6 +37,7 @@ export default declare(
       allowNamespaces,
       isTSX,
       jsxPragma,
+      jsxPragmaFrag,
       onlyRemoveTypeImports,
     });