diff --git a/.eslintrc.cjs b/.eslintrc.cjs
index a121f4e265ff..24ee25de11ec 100644
--- a/.eslintrc.cjs
+++ b/.eslintrc.cjs
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 const path = require("path");
 
+const cjsGlobals = ["__dirname", "__filename", "require", "module", "exports"];
+
 module.exports = {
   root: true,
   plugins: [
@@ -68,6 +70,25 @@ module.exports = {
         "import/extensions": ["error", { json: "always", cjs: "always" }],
       },
     },
+    {
+      files: [
+        "packages/*/src/**/*.{js,ts}",
+        "codemods/*/src/**/*.{js,ts}",
+        "eslint/*/src/**/*.{js,ts}",
+        "packages/*/test/**/*.js",
+        "codemods/*/test/**/*.js",
+        "eslint/*/test/**/*.js",
+        "packages/babel-helper-transform-fixture-test-runner/src/helpers.{ts,js}",
+        "test/**/*.js",
+      ],
+      excludedFiles: [
+        // @babel/register is the require() hook, so it will always be CJS-based
+        "packages/babel-register/**/*.js",
+      ],
+      rules: {
+        "no-restricted-globals": ["error", ...cjsGlobals],
+      },
+    },
     {
       files: ["packages/babel-plugin-*/src/index.{js,ts}"],
       excludedFiles: ["packages/babel-plugin-transform-regenerator/**/*.js"],
diff --git a/babel.config.js b/babel.config.js
index d09102538b47..d6a7cc57cf38 100644
--- a/babel.config.js
+++ b/babel.config.js
@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ module.exports = function (api) {
       convertESM ? "@babel/proposal-export-namespace-from" : null,
       convertESM ? "@babel/transform-modules-commonjs" : null,
       convertESM ? pluginNodeImportInterop : null,
+      convertESM ? pluginImportMetaUrl : null,
 
       pluginPackageJsonMacro,
 
@@ -177,14 +178,17 @@ module.exports = function (api) {
         plugins: ["babel-plugin-transform-charcodes"],
         assumptions: parserAssumptions,
       },
-      {
+      convertESM && {
         test: ["./packages/babel-cli", "./packages/babel-core"].map(normalize),
         plugins: [
           // Explicitly use the lazy version of CommonJS modules.
-          convertESM
-            ? ["@babel/transform-modules-commonjs", { lazy: true }]
-            : null,
-        ].filter(Boolean),
+          ["@babel/transform-modules-commonjs", { lazy: true }],
+        ],
+      },
+      convertESM && {
+        test: ["./packages/babel-node/src"].map(normalize),
+        // Used to conditionally import kexec
+        plugins: ["@babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import"],
       },
       {
         test: sources.map(normalize),
@@ -465,3 +469,83 @@ function pluginNodeImportInterop({ template }) {
     },
   };
 }
+
+function pluginImportMetaUrl({ types: t, template }) {
+  const isImportMeta = node =>
+    t.isMetaProperty(node) &&
+    t.isIdentifier(node.meta, { name: "import" }) &&
+    t.isIdentifier(node.property, { name: "meta" });
+
+  const isImportMetaUrl = node =>
+    t.isMemberExpression(node, { computed: false }) &&
+    t.isIdentifier(node.property, { name: "url" }) &&
+    isImportMeta(node.object);
+
+  return {
+    visitor: {
+      Program(programPath) {
+        // We must be sure to run this before the instanbul plugins, because its
+        // instrumentation breaks our detection.
+        programPath.traverse({
+          // fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)
+          CallExpression(path) {
+            const { node } = path;
+
+            if (
+              !t.isIdentifier(node.callee, { name: "fileURLToPath" }) ||
+              node.arguments.length !== 1
+            ) {
+              return;
+            }
+
+            const arg = node.arguments[0];
+
+            if (
+              !t.isMemberExpression(arg, { computed: false }) ||
+              !t.isIdentifier(arg.property, { name: "url" }) ||
+              !isImportMeta(arg.object)
+            ) {
+              return;
+            }
+
+            path.replaceWith(t.identifier("__filename"));
+          },
+
+          // const require = createRequire(import.meta.url)
+          VariableDeclarator(path) {
+            const { node } = path;
+
+            if (
+              !t.isIdentifier(node.id, { name: "require" }) ||
+              !t.isCallExpression(node.init) ||
+              !t.isIdentifier(node.init.callee, { name: "createRequire" }) ||
+              node.init.arguments.length !== 1 ||
+              !isImportMetaUrl(node.init.arguments[0])
+            ) {
+              return;
+            }
+
+            // Let's just remove this declaration to unshadow the "global" cjs require.
+            path.remove();
+          },
+
+          // import.meta.url
+          MemberExpression(path) {
+            if (!isImportMetaUrl(path.node)) return;
+
+            path.replaceWith(
+              template.expression
+                .ast`\`file://\${__filename.replace(/\\\\/g, "/")}\``
+            );
+          },
+
+          MetaProperty(path) {
+            if (isImportMeta(path.node)) {
+              throw path.buildCodeFrameError("Unsupported import.meta");
+            }
+          },
+        });
+      },
+    },
+  };
+}
diff --git a/codemods/babel-plugin-codemod-object-assign-to-object-spread/test/index.js b/codemods/babel-plugin-codemod-object-assign-to-object-spread/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/codemods/babel-plugin-codemod-object-assign-to-object-spread/test/index.js
+++ b/codemods/babel-plugin-codemod-object-assign-to-object-spread/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/codemods/babel-plugin-codemod-optional-catch-binding/test/index.js b/codemods/babel-plugin-codemod-optional-catch-binding/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/codemods/babel-plugin-codemod-optional-catch-binding/test/index.js
+++ b/codemods/babel-plugin-codemod-optional-catch-binding/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/test/index.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/test/index.js
index 350e17ea2e58..e8a2d73b8544 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/test/index.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-parser/test/index.js
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 import path from "path";
 import escope from "eslint-scope";
 import unpad from "dedent";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
 import { parseForESLint } from "../src";
 
 const BABEL_OPTIONS = {
-  configFile: require.resolve(
+  configFile: path.resolve(
+    path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
     "../../babel-eslint-shared-fixtures/config/babel.config.js",
   ),
 };
@@ -73,6 +76,8 @@ describe("Babel and Espree", () => {
   }
 
   beforeAll(async () => {
+    const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+
     // Use the version of Espree that is a dependency of
     // the version of ESLint we are testing against.
     const espreePath = require.resolve("espree", {
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development-internal/src/index.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development-internal/src/index.js
index 8761f3903c07..41efa01891c5 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development-internal/src/index.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development-internal/src/index.js
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import dryErrorMessages from "./rules/dry-error-messages";
 
-module.exports = {
-  rules: {
-    "dry-error-messages": dryErrorMessages,
-  },
+export const rules = {
+  "dry-error-messages": dryErrorMessages,
 };
+
+export default { rules };
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development-internal/test/rules/dry-error-messages.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development-internal/test/rules/dry-error-messages.js
index 7f5ecd284b82..e5fc984d3d9e 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development-internal/test/rules/dry-error-messages.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development-internal/test/rules/dry-error-messages.js
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 import path from "path";
 import rule from "../../src/rules/dry-error-messages";
 import RuleTester from "../../../babel-eslint-shared-fixtures/utils/RuleTester";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
-const FILENAME = path.resolve(__dirname, "test/lib/index.js");
+const dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
+const FILENAME = path.resolve(dirname, "test/lib/index.js");
 const ERRORS_MODULE = "errorsModule";
-const MODULE_SAME_DIR = path.resolve(__dirname, "test/lib/errorsModule.js");
-const MODULE_PARENT_DIR = path.resolve(__dirname, "test/errorsModule.js");
+const MODULE_SAME_DIR = path.resolve(dirname, "test/lib/errorsModule.js");
+const MODULE_PARENT_DIR = path.resolve(dirname, "test/errorsModule.js");
 
 const ruleTester = new RuleTester();
 
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development/src/index.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development/src/index.js
index 946da90045e2..0dc11be3ed85 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development/src/index.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin-development/src/index.js
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ import noDeprecatedClone from "./rules/no-deprecated-clone";
 import noUndefinedIdentifier from "./rules/no-undefined-identifier";
 import pluginName from "./rules/plugin-name";
 
-module.exports = {
-  rules: {
-    "no-deprecated-clone": noDeprecatedClone,
-    "no-undefined-identifier": noUndefinedIdentifier,
-    "plugin-name": pluginName,
-  },
+export const rules = {
+  "no-deprecated-clone": noDeprecatedClone,
+  "no-undefined-identifier": noUndefinedIdentifier,
+  "plugin-name": pluginName,
 };
+
+export default { rules };
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin/src/index.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin/src/index.js
index 96fd40caf70e..d2faaa60e79a 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin/src/index.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-plugin/src/index.js
@@ -4,19 +4,20 @@ import noUnusedExpressions from "./rules/no-unused-expressions";
 import objectCurlySpacing from "./rules/object-curly-spacing";
 import semi from "./rules/semi";
 
-module.exports = {
-  rules: {
-    "new-cap": newCap,
-    "no-invalid-this": noInvalidThis,
-    "no-unused-expressions": noUnusedExpressions,
-    "object-curly-spacing": objectCurlySpacing,
-    semi,
-  },
-  rulesConfig: {
-    "new-cap": "off",
-    "no-invalid-this": "off",
-    "no-unused-expressions": "off",
-    "object-curly-spacing": "off",
-    semi: "off",
-  },
+export const rules = {
+  "new-cap": newCap,
+  "no-invalid-this": noInvalidThis,
+  "no-unused-expressions": noUnusedExpressions,
+  "object-curly-spacing": objectCurlySpacing,
+  semi,
 };
+
+export const rulesConfig = {
+  "new-cap": "off",
+  "no-invalid-this": "off",
+  "no-unused-expressions": "off",
+  "object-curly-spacing": "off",
+  semi: "off",
+};
+
+export default { rules, rulesConfig };
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/helpers/verifyAndAssertMessages.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/helpers/verifyAndAssertMessages.js
index 609cb8f50b79..b8cec5e450d9 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/helpers/verifyAndAssertMessages.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/helpers/verifyAndAssertMessages.js
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import eslint from "eslint";
 import unpad from "dedent";
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 import * as parser from "../../../babel-eslint-parser";
 
 export default function verifyAndAssertMessages(
@@ -24,7 +26,8 @@ export default function verifyAndAssertMessages(
       sourceType,
       requireConfigFile: false,
       babelOptions: {
-        configFile: require.resolve(
+        configFile: path.resolve(
+          path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
           "../../../babel-eslint-shared-fixtures/config/babel.config.js",
         ),
       },
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint-plugin-import.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint-plugin-import.js
index 28aa3d6ac379..4b5fdc55cb81 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint-plugin-import.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint-plugin-import.js
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 import eslint from "eslint";
 import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
 describe("https://github.com/babel/babel-eslint/issues/558", () => {
   it("doesn't crash with eslint-plugin-import", () => {
     const engine = new eslint.CLIEngine({ ignore: false });
     engine.executeOnFiles(
       ["a.js", "b.js", "c.js"].map(file =>
-        path.resolve(__dirname, `../fixtures/eslint-plugin-import/${file}`),
+        path.resolve(
+          path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+          `../fixtures/eslint-plugin-import/${file}`,
+        ),
       ),
     );
   });
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/config.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/config.js
index e82465b86f9b..989e9a8287d0 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/config.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/config.js
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import eslint from "eslint";
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 import * as parser from "@babel/eslint-parser";
 
 describe("ESLint config", () => {
@@ -10,7 +12,8 @@ describe("ESLint config", () => {
       parser: "@babel/eslint-parser",
       parserOptions: {
         babelOptions: {
-          configFile: require.resolve(
+          configFile: path.resolve(
+            path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
             "../../../../babel-eslint-shared-fixtures/config/babel.config.js",
           ),
         },
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/rules/strict.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/rules/strict.js
index 5753a114a320..769ba76d2f29 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/rules/strict.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/rules/strict.js
@@ -2,11 +2,17 @@ import eslint from "eslint";
 import fs from "fs";
 import path from "path";
 import * as parser from "../../../../../babel-eslint-parser";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
 eslint.linter.defineParser("@babel/eslint-parser", parser);
 
 const paths = {
-  fixtures: path.join(__dirname, "../../..", "fixtures", "rules"),
+  fixtures: path.join(
+    path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+    "../../..",
+    "fixtures",
+    "rules",
+  ),
 };
 
 const encoding = "utf8";
diff --git a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/verify.js b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/verify.js
index 6f63452871e9..a025c55fdc58 100644
--- a/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/verify.js
+++ b/eslint/babel-eslint-tests/test/integration/eslint/verify.js
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import verifyAndAssertMessages from "../../helpers/verifyAndAssertMessages";
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
 describe("verify", () => {
   it("arrow function support (issue #1)", () => {
@@ -1080,7 +1082,8 @@ describe("verify", () => {
         parserOptions: {
           sourceType,
           babelOptions: {
-            configFile: require.resolve(
+            configFile: path.resolve(
+              path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
               "../../../../babel-eslint-shared-fixtures/config/babel.config.decorators-legacy.js",
             ),
           },
diff --git a/lib/third-party-libs.js.flow b/lib/third-party-libs.js.flow
index f114c0bc1ef6..fb405b854c7e 100644
--- a/lib/third-party-libs.js.flow
+++ b/lib/third-party-libs.js.flow
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
  * Basic declarations for the npm modules we use.
  */
 
+ declare module "module" {
+   declare export function createRequire(url: any): any;
+ }
+
 declare module "debug" {
   declare export default (namespace: string) => (formatter: string, ...args: any[]) => void;
 }
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index ddf457d6bb49..6fa5643296b5 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
     "@babel/eslint-parser": "workspace:*",
     "@babel/eslint-plugin-development": "workspace:*",
     "@babel/eslint-plugin-development-internal": "workspace:*",
+    "@babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import": "^7.13.8",
     "@babel/plugin-proposal-export-namespace-from": "^7.12.13",
     "@babel/plugin-proposal-object-rest-spread": "^7.13.0",
     "@babel/plugin-transform-modules-commonjs": "^7.13.0",
diff --git a/packages/babel-cli/src/babel/util.js b/packages/babel-cli/src/babel/util.js
index 5dfa6217bca5..70d2c6b48d4b 100644
--- a/packages/babel-cli/src/babel/util.js
+++ b/packages/babel-cli/src/babel/util.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import readdirRecursive from "fs-readdir-recursive";
 import * as babel from "@babel/core";
 import path from "path";
 import fs from "fs";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
 
 export function chmod(src: string, dest: string): void {
   try {
@@ -119,6 +120,9 @@ process.on("uncaughtException", function (err) {
 });
 
 export function requireChokidar(): Object {
+  // $FlowIgnore - https://github.com/facebook/flow/issues/6913#issuecomment-662787504
+  const require = createRequire(import /*::("")*/.meta.url);
+
   try {
     // todo(babel 8): revert `@nicolo-ribaudo/chokidar-2` hack
     return parseInt(process.versions.node) >= 8
diff --git a/packages/babel-cli/test/index.js b/packages/babel-cli/test/index.js
index a8fc722456cd..0837afd80b0d 100644
--- a/packages/babel-cli/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-cli/test/index.js
@@ -1,17 +1,23 @@
-const readdir = require("fs-readdir-recursive");
-const helper = require("@babel/helper-fixtures");
-const rimraf = require("rimraf");
-const { sync: makeDirSync } = require("make-dir");
-const child = require("child_process");
-const escapeRegExp = require("lodash/escapeRegExp");
-const merge = require("lodash/merge");
-const path = require("path");
-const fs = require("fs");
-const { chmod } = require("../lib/babel/util");
-
-const fixtureLoc = path.join(__dirname, "fixtures");
-const tmpLoc = path.join(__dirname, "tmp");
-const rootDir = path.resolve(__dirname, "../../..");
+import readdir from "fs-readdir-recursive";
+import * as helper from "@babel/helper-fixtures";
+import rimraf from "rimraf";
+import { sync as makeDirSync } from "make-dir";
+import child from "child_process";
+import escapeRegExp from "lodash/escapeRegExp";
+import merge from "lodash/merge";
+import path from "path";
+import fs from "fs";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+
+import { chmod } from "../lib/babel/util";
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+
+const dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const fixtureLoc = path.join(dirname, "fixtures");
+const tmpLoc = path.join(dirname, "tmp");
+const rootDir = path.resolve(dirname, "../../..");
 
 const fileFilter = function (x) {
   return x !== ".DS_Store";
@@ -131,7 +137,7 @@ const assertTest = function (stdout, stderr, opts, cwd) {
 };
 
 const buildTest = function (binName, testName, opts) {
-  const binLoc = path.join(__dirname, "../lib", binName);
+  const binLoc = path.join(dirname, "../lib", binName);
 
   return function (callback) {
     saveInFiles(opts.inFiles);
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/configuration.js b/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/configuration.js
index 45162669757e..fe3da4593ad3 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/configuration.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/configuration.js
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ import type { CallerMetadata } from "../validation/options";
 
 import * as fs from "../../gensync-utils/fs";
 
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+// $FlowIgnore - https://github.com/facebook/flow/issues/6913#issuecomment-662787504
+const require = createRequire(import /*::("")*/.meta.url);
+
 const debug = buildDebug("babel:config:loading:files:configuration");
 
 export const ROOT_CONFIG_FILENAMES = [
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/module-types.js b/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/module-types.js
index 0e6d4a431886..de75ada49337 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/module-types.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/module-types.js
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@ import { isAsync, waitFor } from "../../gensync-utils/async";
 import type { Handler } from "gensync";
 import path from "path";
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
 
 let import_;
 try {
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/plugins.js b/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/plugins.js
index 747592cad9bd..4e2f4ba88e27 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/plugins.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/src/config/files/plugins.js
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ import path from "path";
 import { type Handler } from "gensync";
 import loadCjsOrMjsDefault from "./module-types";
 
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+// $FlowIgnore - https://github.com/facebook/flow/issues/6913#issuecomment-662787504
+const require = createRequire(import /*::("")*/.meta.url);
+
 const debug = buildDebug("babel:config:loading:files:plugins");
 
 const EXACT_RE = /^module:/;
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/api.js b/packages/babel-core/test/api.js
index 8f09a707c48d..ed58229050ac 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/api.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/api.js
@@ -3,6 +3,13 @@ import sourceMap from "source-map";
 import path from "path";
 import Plugin from "../lib/config/plugin";
 import generator from "@babel/generator";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+import presetEnv from "../../babel-preset-env";
+import pluginSyntaxFlow from "../../babel-plugin-syntax-flow";
+import pluginFlowStripTypes from "../../babel-plugin-transform-flow-strip-types";
+
+const cwd = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
 
 function assertIgnored(result) {
   expect(result).toBeNull();
@@ -13,54 +20,26 @@ function assertNotIgnored(result) {
 }
 
 function parse(code, opts) {
-  return babel.parse(code, {
-    cwd: __dirname,
-    configFile: false,
-    ...opts,
-  });
+  return babel.parse(code, { cwd, configFile: false, ...opts });
 }
 
 function transform(code, opts) {
-  return babel.transform(code, {
-    cwd: __dirname,
-    configFile: false,
-    ...opts,
-  });
+  return babel.transform(code, { cwd, configFile: false, ...opts });
 }
 
 function transformFile(filename, opts, cb) {
-  return babel.transformFile(
-    filename,
-    {
-      cwd: __dirname,
-      configFile: false,
-      ...opts,
-    },
-    cb,
-  );
+  return babel.transformFile(filename, { cwd, configFile: false, ...opts }, cb);
 }
 function transformFileSync(filename, opts) {
-  return babel.transformFileSync(filename, {
-    cwd: __dirname,
-    configFile: false,
-    ...opts,
-  });
+  return babel.transformFileSync(filename, { cwd, configFile: false, ...opts });
 }
 
 function transformAsync(code, opts) {
-  return babel.transformAsync(code, {
-    cwd: __dirname,
-    configFile: false,
-    ...opts,
-  });
+  return babel.transformAsync(code, { cwd, configFile: false, ...opts });
 }
 
 function transformFromAst(ast, code, opts) {
-  return babel.transformFromAst(ast, code, {
-    cwd: __dirname,
-    configFile: false,
-    ...opts,
-  });
+  return babel.transformFromAst(ast, code, { cwd, configFile: false, ...opts });
 }
 
 describe("parser and generator options", function () {
@@ -111,7 +90,7 @@ describe("parser and generator options", function () {
     function newTransformWithPlugins(string) {
       return transform(string, {
         ast: true,
-        plugins: [__dirname + "/../../babel-plugin-syntax-flow"],
+        plugins: [cwd + "/../../babel-plugin-syntax-flow"],
         parserOpts: {
           parser: recast.parse,
         },
@@ -173,17 +152,13 @@ describe("api", function () {
       babelrc: false,
     };
     Object.freeze(options);
-    transformFile(
-      __dirname + "/fixtures/api/file.js",
-      options,
-      function (err, res) {
-        if (err) return done(err);
-        expect(res.code).toBe("foo();");
-        // keep user options untouched
-        expect(options).toEqual({ babelrc: false });
-        done();
-      },
-    );
+    transformFile(cwd + "/fixtures/api/file.js", options, function (err, res) {
+      if (err) return done(err);
+      expect(res.code).toBe("foo();");
+      // keep user options untouched
+      expect(options).toEqual({ babelrc: false });
+      done();
+    });
   });
 
   it("transformFileSync", function () {
@@ -191,9 +166,9 @@ describe("api", function () {
       babelrc: false,
     };
     Object.freeze(options);
-    expect(
-      transformFileSync(__dirname + "/fixtures/api/file.js", options).code,
-    ).toBe("foo();");
+    expect(transformFileSync(cwd + "/fixtures/api/file.js", options).code).toBe(
+      "foo();",
+    );
     expect(options).toEqual({ babelrc: false });
   });
 
@@ -249,15 +224,15 @@ describe("api", function () {
   it("options throw on falsy true", function () {
     return expect(function () {
       transform("", {
-        plugins: [__dirname + "/../../babel-plugin-syntax-jsx", false],
+        plugins: [cwd + "/../../babel-plugin-syntax-jsx", false],
       });
     }).toThrow(/.plugins\[1\] must be a string, object, function/);
   });
 
   it("options merge backwards", function () {
     return transformAsync("", {
-      presets: [__dirname + "/../../babel-preset-env"],
-      plugins: [__dirname + "/../../babel-plugin-syntax-jsx"],
+      presets: [cwd + "/../../babel-preset-env"],
+      plugins: [cwd + "/../../babel-plugin-syntax-jsx"],
     }).then(function (result) {
       expect(result.options.plugins[0].manipulateOptions.toString()).toEqual(
         expect.stringContaining("jsx"),
@@ -336,18 +311,12 @@ describe("api", function () {
           },
 
           // env preset
-          require(__dirname + "/../../babel-preset-env"),
+          presetEnv,
 
           // Third preset for Flow.
-          function () {
-            return {
-              plugins: [
-                require(__dirname + "/../../babel-plugin-syntax-flow"),
-                require(__dirname +
-                  "/../../babel-plugin-transform-flow-strip-types"),
-              ],
-            };
-          },
+          () => ({
+            plugins: [pluginSyntaxFlow, pluginFlowStripTypes],
+          }),
         ],
       });
     }
@@ -393,9 +362,9 @@ describe("api", function () {
     process.env.BABEL_ENV = "development";
 
     const result = transform("", {
-      cwd: path.join(__dirname, "fixtures", "config", "complex-plugin-config"),
+      cwd: path.join(cwd, "fixtures", "config", "complex-plugin-config"),
       filename: path.join(
-        __dirname,
+        cwd,
         "fixtures",
         "config",
         "complex-plugin-config",
@@ -792,7 +761,7 @@ describe("api", function () {
 
     it("only syntax plugin available", function (done) {
       transformFile(
-        __dirname + "/fixtures/api/parsing-errors/only-syntax/file.js",
+        cwd + "/fixtures/api/parsing-errors/only-syntax/file.js",
         options,
         function (err) {
           expect(err.message).toMatch(
@@ -809,7 +778,7 @@ describe("api", function () {
 
     it("both syntax and transform plugin available", function (done) {
       transformFile(
-        __dirname + "/fixtures/api/parsing-errors/syntax-and-transform/file.js",
+        cwd + "/fixtures/api/parsing-errors/syntax-and-transform/file.js",
         options,
         function (err) {
           expect(err.message).toMatch(
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/assumptions.js b/packages/babel-core/test/assumptions.js
index 322e728d6eea..bf97c3bbb6af 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/assumptions.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/assumptions.js
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 import { loadOptions as loadOptionsOrig, transformSync } from "../lib";
 
+const cwd = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
 function loadOptions(opts) {
-  return loadOptionsOrig({ cwd: __dirname, ...opts });
+  return loadOptionsOrig({ cwd, ...opts });
 }
 
 function withAssumptions(assumptions) {
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/async.js b/packages/babel-core/test/async.js
index 2dfafe1617f2..d7996c10baf3 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/async.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/async.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { join } from "path";
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 import * as babel from "..";
 
 import {
@@ -14,7 +15,11 @@ const nodeGte8 = (...args) => {
 };
 
 describe("asynchronicity", () => {
-  const base = join(__dirname, "fixtures", "async");
+  const base = path.join(
+    path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+    "fixtures",
+    "async",
+  );
   let cwd;
 
   beforeEach(function () {
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/config-chain.js b/packages/babel-core/test/config-chain.js
index f710d347ed9e..7e345fd013bd 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/config-chain.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/config-chain.js
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 import fs from "fs";
 import os from "os";
 import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 import escapeRegExp from "lodash/escapeRegExp";
 import * as babel from "../lib";
 
+const dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
 import { isMJS, loadOptionsAsync, skipUnsupportedESM } from "./helpers/esm";
 
 // TODO: In Babel 8, we can directly uses fs.promises which is supported by
@@ -42,11 +45,11 @@ const pfs =
   });
 
 function fixture(...args) {
-  return path.join(__dirname, "fixtures", "config", ...args);
+  return path.join(dirname, "fixtures", "config", ...args);
 }
 
 function loadOptions(opts) {
-  return babel.loadOptions({ cwd: __dirname, ...opts });
+  return babel.loadOptions({ cwd: dirname, ...opts });
 }
 
 function pairs(items) {
@@ -1320,7 +1323,7 @@ describe("buildConfigChain", function () {
     it("should throw when `preset` requires `filename` but it was not passed", () => {
       expect(() => {
         loadOptions({
-          presets: [require("./fixtures/config-loading/preset4")],
+          presets: ["./fixtures/config-loading/preset4"],
         });
       }).toThrow(/Preset \/\* your preset \*\/ requires a filename/);
     });
@@ -1328,7 +1331,7 @@ describe("buildConfigChain", function () {
     it("should throw when `preset.overrides` requires `filename` but it was not passed", () => {
       expect(() => {
         loadOptions({
-          presets: [require("./fixtures/config-loading/preset5")],
+          presets: ["./fixtures/config-loading/preset5"],
         });
       }).toThrow(/Preset \/\* your preset \*\/ requires a filename/);
     });
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/config-loading.js b/packages/babel-core/test/config-loading.js
index 9968dc2c08e3..da84e590d420 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/config-loading.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/config-loading.js
@@ -3,12 +3,16 @@ import loadConfigRunner, {
   createConfigItem,
 } from "../lib/config";
 import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
 
 const loadConfig = loadConfigRunner.sync;
 
 describe("@babel/core config loading", () => {
   const FILEPATH = path.join(
-    __dirname,
+    path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
     "fixtures",
     "config-loading",
     "folder",
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/helpers/esm.js b/packages/babel-core/test/helpers/esm.js
index 23f70eb097ca..c485f1fa8422 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/helpers/esm.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/helpers/esm.js
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
 import cp from "child_process";
 import util from "util";
 import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+
 import * as babel from "../../lib";
 
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+const dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
 // "minNodeVersion": "10.0.0" <-- For Ctrl+F when dropping node 10
 const nodeSupportsESM = parseInt(process.versions.node) >= 12;
 const isWindows = process.platform === "win32";
@@ -30,7 +36,7 @@ export function skipUnsupportedESM(esm, name) {
   return false;
 }
 
-export function loadOptionsAsync({ filename, cwd = __dirname }, mjs) {
+export function loadOptionsAsync({ filename, cwd = dirname }, mjs) {
   if (mjs) {
     // import() crashes with jest
     return spawn("load-options-async", filename, cwd);
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/option-manager.js b/packages/babel-core/test/option-manager.js
index 75698baec824..3bdd98beb44d 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/option-manager.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/option-manager.js
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import { loadOptions as loadOptionsOrig } from "../lib";
 import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+const cwd = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
 
 function loadOptions(opts) {
-  return loadOptionsOrig({
-    cwd: __dirname,
-    ...opts,
-  });
+  return loadOptionsOrig({ cwd, ...opts });
 }
 
 describe("option-manager", () => {
@@ -220,9 +220,7 @@ describe("option-manager", () => {
     it("throws for resolved but erroring preset", () => {
       return expect(() => {
         loadOptions({
-          presets: [
-            path.join(__dirname, "fixtures/option-manager/not-a-preset"),
-          ],
+          presets: [path.join(cwd, "fixtures/option-manager/not-a-preset")],
         });
       }).toThrow(
         /While processing: .*option-manager(?:\/|\\\\)not-a-preset\.js/,
@@ -234,9 +232,7 @@ describe("option-manager", () => {
     function presetTest(name) {
       it(name, function () {
         const options = loadOptions({
-          presets: [
-            path.join(__dirname, "fixtures/option-manager/presets", name),
-          ],
+          presets: [path.join(cwd, "fixtures/option-manager/presets", name)],
         });
 
         expect(Array.isArray(options.plugins)).toBe(true);
@@ -249,9 +245,7 @@ describe("option-manager", () => {
       it(name, function () {
         expect(() =>
           loadOptions({
-            presets: [
-              path.join(__dirname, "fixtures/option-manager/presets", name),
-            ],
+            presets: [path.join(cwd, "fixtures/option-manager/presets", name)],
           }),
         ).toThrow(msg);
       });
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/parse.js b/packages/babel-core/test/parse.js
index 5e1956604970..b22ff86b4a90 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/parse.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/parse.js
@@ -1,9 +1,18 @@
 import fs from "fs";
 import path from "path";
 import { parse } from "../lib";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
 
 function fixture(...args) {
-  return path.join(__dirname, "fixtures", "parse", ...args);
+  return path.join(
+    path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+    "fixtures",
+    "parse",
+    ...args,
+  );
 }
 
 describe("parse", function () {
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/path.js b/packages/babel-core/test/path.js
index 2edb48921b07..416bb4435790 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/path.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/path.js
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 import { transform } from "../lib/index";
 import Plugin from "../lib/config/plugin";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import path from "path";
+
+const cwd = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
 
 describe("traversal path", function () {
   it("replaceWithSourceString", function () {
     const expectCode = "function foo() {}";
 
     const actualCode = transform(expectCode, {
-      cwd: __dirname,
+      cwd,
       plugins: [
         new Plugin({
           visitor: {
@@ -25,7 +29,7 @@ describe("traversal path", function () {
     const expectCode = "var fn = () => true;";
 
     const actualCode = transform(expectCode, {
-      cwd: __dirname,
+      cwd,
       plugins: [
         new Plugin({
           visitor: {
@@ -55,7 +59,7 @@ describe("traversal path", function () {
     const expectCode = "var fn = () => { return true; }";
 
     const actualCode = transform(expectCode, {
-      cwd: __dirname,
+      cwd,
       plugins: [
         new Plugin({
           visitor: {
@@ -77,7 +81,7 @@ describe("traversal path", function () {
     const expectCode = "for (KEY in right);";
 
     const actualCode = transform(expectCode, {
-      cwd: __dirname,
+      cwd,
       plugins: [
         new Plugin({
           visitor: {
@@ -108,7 +112,7 @@ describe("traversal path", function () {
     const expectCode = "for (var KEY in right);";
 
     const actualCode = transform(expectCode, {
-      cwd: __dirname,
+      cwd,
       plugins: [
         new Plugin({
           visitor: {
@@ -130,7 +134,7 @@ describe("traversal path", function () {
     const expectCode = "for (KEY;;);";
 
     const actualCode = transform(expectCode, {
-      cwd: __dirname,
+      cwd,
       plugins: [
         new Plugin({
           visitor: {
@@ -161,7 +165,7 @@ describe("traversal path", function () {
     const expectCode = "for (var KEY;;);";
 
     const actualCode = transform(expectCode, {
-      cwd: __dirname,
+      cwd,
       plugins: [
         new Plugin({
           visitor: {
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/plugins.js b/packages/babel-core/test/plugins.js
index 54d3623798e7..a7851bde5c3d 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/plugins.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/plugins.js
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-transform-fixture-test-runner";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import path from "path";
 
-runner(`${__dirname}/fixtures/plugins`, "plugins");
+runner(
+  path.join(path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), "fixtures/plugins"),
+  "plugins",
+);
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/resolution.js b/packages/babel-core/test/resolution.js
index 3fc2c3a2bcad..191e5436a01b 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/resolution.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/resolution.js
@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 import * as babel from "../lib/index";
 import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
 describe("addon resolution", function () {
-  const base = path.join(__dirname, "fixtures", "resolution");
+  const base = path.join(
+    path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+    "fixtures",
+    "resolution",
+  );
   let cwd;
 
   beforeEach(function () {
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/targets.js b/packages/babel-core/test/targets.js
index 00214c9b7f06..c90e921df3e5 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/targets.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/targets.js
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 import { loadOptions as loadOptionsOrig } from "../lib";
-import { join } from "path";
+import { join, dirname } from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+const cwd = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
 
 function loadOptions(opts) {
-  return loadOptionsOrig({ cwd: __dirname, ...opts });
+  return loadOptionsOrig({ cwd, ...opts });
 }
 
 function withTargets(targets) {
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ describe("browserslist", () => {
   it("loads .browserslistrc by default", () => {
     expect(
       loadOptions({
-        cwd: join(__dirname, "fixtures", "targets"),
+        cwd: join(cwd, "fixtures", "targets"),
       }).targets,
     ).toEqual({ chrome: "80.0.0" });
   });
@@ -91,7 +94,7 @@ describe("browserslist", () => {
   it("loads .browserslistrc relative to the input file", () => {
     expect(
       loadOptions({
-        cwd: join(__dirname, "fixtures", "targets"),
+        cwd: join(cwd, "fixtures", "targets"),
         filename: "./nested/test.js",
       }).targets,
     ).toEqual({ edge: "14.0.0" });
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ describe("browserslist", () => {
     it("can disable config loading", () => {
       expect(
         loadOptions({
-          cwd: join(__dirname, "fixtures", "targets"),
+          cwd: join(cwd, "fixtures", "targets"),
           browserslistConfigFile: false,
         }).targets,
       ).toEqual({});
@@ -110,7 +113,7 @@ describe("browserslist", () => {
     it("can specify a custom file", () => {
       expect(
         loadOptions({
-          cwd: join(__dirname, "fixtures", "targets"),
+          cwd: join(cwd, "fixtures", "targets"),
           browserslistConfigFile: "./.browserslistrc-firefox",
         }).targets,
       ).toEqual({ firefox: "74.0.0" });
@@ -119,7 +122,7 @@ describe("browserslist", () => {
     it("is relative to the project root", () => {
       expect(
         loadOptions({
-          cwd: join(__dirname, "fixtures", "targets"),
+          cwd: join(cwd, "fixtures", "targets"),
           root: "..",
           filename: "./nested/test.js",
           browserslistConfigFile: "./targets/.browserslistrc-firefox",
@@ -132,7 +135,7 @@ describe("browserslist", () => {
     it("is forwarded to browserslist", () => {
       expect(
         loadOptions({
-          cwd: join(__dirname, "fixtures", "targets"),
+          cwd: join(cwd, "fixtures", "targets"),
           browserslistEnv: "browserslist-loading-test",
         }).targets,
       ).toEqual({ chrome: "70.0.0" });
diff --git a/packages/babel-core/test/transformation.js b/packages/babel-core/test/transformation.js
index 196beec3830a..f4eb1ef790a4 100644
--- a/packages/babel-core/test/transformation.js
+++ b/packages/babel-core/test/transformation.js
@@ -1,3 +1,11 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-transform-fixture-test-runner";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import path from "path";
 
-runner(`${__dirname}/fixtures/transformation`, "transformation");
+runner(
+  path.join(
+    path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+    "/fixtures/transformation",
+  ),
+  "transformation",
+);
diff --git a/packages/babel-generator/test/index.js b/packages/babel-generator/test/index.js
index 8c597b818db7..adbee798e783 100644
--- a/packages/babel-generator/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-generator/test/index.js
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import fs from "fs";
 import path from "path";
 import fixtures from "@babel/helper-fixtures";
 import sourcemap from "source-map";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
 describe("generation", function () {
   it("completeness", function () {
@@ -758,7 +759,9 @@ describe("CodeGenerator", function () {
   });
 });
 
-const suites = fixtures(`${__dirname}/fixtures`);
+const suites = fixtures(
+  path.join(path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), "fixtures"),
+);
 
 suites.forEach(function (testSuite) {
   describe("generation/" + testSuite.title, function () {
@@ -783,7 +786,10 @@ suites.forEach(function (testSuite) {
               ...task.options.parserOpts,
             });
             const options = {
-              sourceFileName: path.relative(__dirname, actual.loc),
+              sourceFileName: path.relative(
+                path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+                actual.loc,
+              ),
               ...task.options,
               sourceMaps: task.sourceMap ? true : task.options.sourceMaps,
             };
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/custom-browserslist-env/custom-browserslist-env.spec.js b/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/custom-browserslist-env/custom-browserslist-env.spec.js
index 953d510a07c8..4fa8a4a304ba 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/custom-browserslist-env/custom-browserslist-env.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/custom-browserslist-env/custom-browserslist-env.spec.js
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
 import getTargets from "../..";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import path from "path";
 
 it("allows custom browserslist env", () => {
   const actual = getTargets(
     {},
-    { configPath: __dirname, browserslistEnv: "custom" },
+    {
+      configPath: path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+      browserslistEnv: "custom",
+    },
   );
 
   expect(actual).toEqual({ ie: "11.0.0" });
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/targets-parser.spec.js b/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/targets-parser.spec.js
index e9c78872a0de..fbef769ccd42 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/targets-parser.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/targets-parser.spec.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import browserslist from "browserslist";
-import { join } from "path";
+import { join, dirname } from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 import getTargets from "..";
 
 describe("getTargets", () => {
@@ -250,7 +251,13 @@ describe("getTargets", () => {
           {
             esmodules: "intersect",
           },
-          { configPath: join(__dirname, "fixtures", "foo.js") },
+          {
+            configPath: join(
+              dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+              "fixtures",
+              "foo.js",
+            ),
+          },
         ),
       ).toMatchSnapshot();
     });
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/targets-supported.js b/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/targets-supported.js
index fd018172ef29..aa4a2085de80 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/targets-supported.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-compilation-targets/test/targets-supported.js
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-"use strict";
-
-const { targetsSupported } = require("../lib/filter-items");
+import { targetsSupported } from "../lib/filter-items";
 
 describe("targetsSupported", () => {
   const MAX_VERSION = `${Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER}.0.0`;
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-class-features-plugin/test/index.js b/packages/babel-helper-create-class-features-plugin/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-create-class-features-plugin/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-class-features-plugin/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/index.js b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-create-regexp-features-plugin/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-fixtures/src/index.ts b/packages/babel-helper-fixtures/src/index.ts
index 6c904c7965ba..2f8beb723497 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-fixtures/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-fixtures/src/index.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@ import cloneDeep from "lodash/cloneDeep";
 import semver from "semver";
 import path from "path";
 import fs from "fs";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
 
 const nodeVersion = semver.clean(process.version.slice(1));
 
@@ -279,7 +283,11 @@ function wrapPackagesArray(type, names, optionsDir) {
 
       val[0] = path.resolve(optionsDir, val[0]);
     } else {
-      const monorepoPath = __dirname + "/../../babel-" + type + "-" + val[0];
+      const monorepoPath = path.join(
+        path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+        "../..",
+        `babel-${type}-${val[0]}`,
+      );
 
       if (fs.existsSync(monorepoPath)) {
         val[0] = monorepoPath;
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-module-imports/test/index.js b/packages/babel-helper-module-imports/test/index.js
index 7f6a2206c16d..c1ef591d8aed 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-module-imports/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-module-imports/test/index.js
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 import * as babel from "@babel/core";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import path from "path";
 
 import { ImportInjector } from "../";
 
+const cwd = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
 function test(sourceType, opts, initializer, inputCode, expectedCode) {
   if (typeof opts === "function") {
     expectedCode = inputCode;
@@ -15,7 +19,7 @@ function test(sourceType, opts, initializer, inputCode, expectedCode) {
   }
 
   const result = babel.transform(inputCode, {
-    cwd: __dirname,
+    cwd,
     sourceType,
     filename: "example" + (sourceType === "module" ? ".mjs" : ".js"),
     babelrc: false,
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-plugin-test-runner/src/index.js b/packages/babel-helper-plugin-test-runner/src/index.js
index b7cd1cef6a95..44e5a7d56f32 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-plugin-test-runner/src/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-plugin-test-runner/src/index.js
@@ -1,7 +1,24 @@
 import testRunner from "@babel/helper-transform-fixture-test-runner";
 import path from "path";
+import { URL } from "url";
 
 export default function (loc) {
-  const name = path.basename(path.dirname(loc));
-  testRunner(loc + "/fixtures", name);
+  if (!process.env.BABEL_8_BREAKING) {
+    if (!loc.startsWith("file://")) {
+      const name = path.basename(path.dirname(loc));
+      testRunner(loc + "/fixtures", name);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  let fixtures = new URL("./fixtures", loc).pathname;
+  if (process.platform === "win32") {
+    // Remove the leading / before the drive letter
+    // TODO: After dropping Node.js 10 support, use fileURLToPath
+    fixtures = fixtures.slice(1);
+  }
+
+  const name = path.basename(new URL("..", loc).pathname);
+
+  testRunner(fixtures, name);
 }
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-transform-fixture-test-runner/src/index.js b/packages/babel-helper-transform-fixture-test-runner/src/index.js
index 511df65feca0..146f1ae90454 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-transform-fixture-test-runner/src/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-transform-fixture-test-runner/src/index.js
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ import path from "path";
 import vm from "vm";
 import QuickLRU from "quick-lru";
 import escapeRegExp from "./escape-regexp.cjs";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
 
 import _checkDuplicatedNodes from "babel-check-duplicated-nodes";
 const checkDuplicatedNodes = _checkDuplicatedNodes.default;
@@ -43,14 +47,17 @@ function createContext() {
   // global creation in tests, which could cause things to bleed between tests.
   runModuleInTestContext(
     "regenerator-runtime",
-    __filename,
+    fileURLToPath(import.meta.url),
     context,
     moduleCache,
   );
 
   // Populate the "babelHelpers" global with Babel's helper utilities.
   runCacheableScriptInTestContext(
-    path.join(__dirname, "babel-helpers-in-memory.js"),
+    path.join(
+      path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+      "babel-helpers-in-memory.js",
+    ),
     buildExternalHelpers,
     context,
     moduleCache,
@@ -330,7 +337,10 @@ function validateFile(actualCode, expectedLoc, expectedCode) {
 }
 
 function normalizeOutput(code, normalizePathSeparator) {
-  const projectRoot = path.resolve(__dirname, "../../../");
+  const projectRoot = path.resolve(
+    path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+    "../../../",
+  );
   const cwdSymbol = "<CWD>";
   let result = code
     .trim()
diff --git a/packages/babel-helper-transform-fixture-test-runner/test/index.js b/packages/babel-helper-transform-fixture-test-runner/test/index.js
index bc872cfa5183..a13d6687ee66 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helper-transform-fixture-test-runner/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helper-transform-fixture-test-runner/test/index.js
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 import { runCodeInTestContext } from "..";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+const filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
 
 describe("helper-transform-fixture-test-runner", function () {
   it("should not execute code in Node's global context", function () {
@@ -10,7 +13,7 @@ describe("helper-transform-fixture-test-runner", function () {
           global.foo = "inner";
         `,
         {
-          filename: `${__filename}.fake1`,
+          filename: `${filename}.fake1`,
         },
       );
 
@@ -20,7 +23,7 @@ describe("helper-transform-fixture-test-runner", function () {
           expect(global.foo).toBe("inner");
         `,
         {
-          filename: `${__filename}.fake2`,
+          filename: `${filename}.fake2`,
         },
       );
     } finally {
@@ -30,14 +33,14 @@ describe("helper-transform-fixture-test-runner", function () {
           delete global.foo;
         `,
         {
-          filename: `${__filename}.fake3`,
+          filename: `${filename}.fake3`,
         },
       );
     }
   });
   it("should print correct trace position when error is thrown in the first line", () => {
     const opts = {
-      filename: `${__filename}.fake4`,
+      filename: `${filename}.fake4`,
     };
     runCodeInTestContext(
       `try { throw new Error() } catch (e) {
diff --git a/packages/babel-helpers/test/index.js b/packages/babel-helpers/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-helpers/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-helpers/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-node/src/_babel-node.js b/packages/babel-node/src/_babel-node.js
index 19735a5a00c9..9792d975831a 100644
--- a/packages/babel-node/src/_babel-node.js
+++ b/packages/babel-node/src/_babel-node.js
@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ import vm from "vm";
 import "core-js/stable";
 import "regenerator-runtime/runtime";
 import register from "@babel/register";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
 
 const program = new commander.Command("babel-node");
 
@@ -194,7 +198,7 @@ if (program.eval || program.print) {
 
     // add back on node and concat the sliced args
     process.argv = ["node"].concat(args);
-    process.execArgv.push(__filename);
+    process.execArgv.push(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
 
     Module.runMain();
   } else {
diff --git a/packages/babel-node/src/babel-node.js b/packages/babel-node/src/babel-node.js
index fa0b0eca4fc2..bbd64140b970 100755
--- a/packages/babel-node/src/babel-node.js
+++ b/packages/babel-node/src/babel-node.js
@@ -5,8 +5,12 @@
 
 import getV8Flags from "v8flags";
 import path from "path";
+import child_process from "child_process";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
-let args = [path.join(__dirname, "_babel-node")];
+let args = [
+  path.join(path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), "_babel-node"),
+];
 
 let babelArgs = process.argv.slice(2);
 let userArgs;
@@ -41,7 +45,7 @@ const aliases = new Map([
   ["-gc", "--expose-gc"],
 ]);
 
-getV8Flags(function (err, v8Flags) {
+getV8Flags(async function (err, v8Flags) {
   for (let i = 0; i < babelArgs.length; i++) {
     const arg = babelArgs[i];
     const flag = arg.split("=")[0];
@@ -69,17 +73,17 @@ getV8Flags(function (err, v8Flags) {
   }
 
   try {
-    const kexec = require("kexec");
+    const { default: kexec } = await import("kexec");
     kexec(process.argv[0], args);
   } catch (err) {
     if (
+      err.code !== "ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND" &&
       err.code !== "MODULE_NOT_FOUND" &&
       err.code !== "UNDECLARED_DEPENDENCY"
     ) {
       throw err;
     }
 
-    const child_process = require("child_process");
     const proc = child_process.spawn(process.argv[0], args, {
       stdio: ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit", "ipc"],
     });
diff --git a/packages/babel-node/test/index.js b/packages/babel-node/test/index.js
index ca4571dfb0be..f9fcdbb6d88d 100644
--- a/packages/babel-node/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-node/test/index.js
@@ -1,15 +1,20 @@
-const includes = require("lodash/includes");
-const readdir = require("fs-readdir-recursive");
-const helper = require("@babel/helper-fixtures");
-const rimraf = require("rimraf");
-const { sync: makeDirSync } = require("make-dir");
-const child = require("child_process");
-const merge = require("lodash/merge");
-const path = require("path");
-const fs = require("fs");
-
-const fixtureLoc = path.join(__dirname, "fixtures");
-const tmpLoc = path.join(__dirname, "tmp");
+import includes from "lodash/includes";
+import readdir from "fs-readdir-recursive";
+import * as helper from "@babel/helper-fixtures";
+import rimraf from "rimraf";
+import { sync as makeDirSync } from "make-dir";
+import child from "child_process";
+import merge from "lodash/merge";
+import path from "path";
+import fs from "fs";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+
+const dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const fixtureLoc = path.join(dirname, "fixtures");
+const tmpLoc = path.join(dirname, "tmp");
 
 const fileFilter = function (x) {
   return x !== ".DS_Store";
@@ -91,7 +96,7 @@ const assertTest = function (stdout, stderr, opts) {
 };
 
 const buildTest = function (binName, testName, opts) {
-  const binLoc = path.join(__dirname, "../lib", binName);
+  const binLoc = path.join(dirname, "../lib", binName);
 
   return function (callback) {
     saveInFiles(opts.inFiles);
diff --git a/packages/babel-parser/test/estree-throws.js b/packages/babel-parser/test/estree-throws.js
index 8eeae5dbb515..c2f45bef2314 100644
--- a/packages/babel-parser/test/estree-throws.js
+++ b/packages/babel-parser/test/estree-throws.js
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import path from "path";
 import { runThrowTestsWithEstree } from "./helpers/runFixtureTests";
 import { parse } from "../lib";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
-runThrowTestsWithEstree(path.join(__dirname, "fixtures"), parse);
+runThrowTestsWithEstree(
+  path.join(path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), "fixtures"),
+  parse,
+);
diff --git a/packages/babel-parser/test/expressions.js b/packages/babel-parser/test/expressions.js
index 6ecb36971ffa..814ebbd65ade 100644
--- a/packages/babel-parser/test/expressions.js
+++ b/packages/babel-parser/test/expressions.js
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 import path from "path";
 import { runFixtureTests } from "./helpers/runFixtureTests";
 import { parseExpression } from "../lib";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
-runFixtureTests(path.join(__dirname, "expressions"), parseExpression);
+const fixtures = path.join(
+  path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+  "expressions",
+);
+
+runFixtureTests(fixtures, parseExpression);
diff --git a/packages/babel-parser/test/helpers/runFixtureTests.js b/packages/babel-parser/test/helpers/runFixtureTests.js
index 46d19c2a1a1c..165792e80272 100644
--- a/packages/babel-parser/test/helpers/runFixtureTests.js
+++ b/packages/babel-parser/test/helpers/runFixtureTests.js
@@ -2,8 +2,12 @@ import { multiple as getFixtures } from "@babel/helper-fixtures";
 import { codeFrameColumns } from "@babel/code-frame";
 import fs from "fs";
 import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
-const rootPath = path.join(__dirname, "../../../..");
+const rootPath = path.join(
+  path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+  "../../../..",
+);
 
 const serialized = "$$ babel internal serialized type";
 
diff --git a/packages/babel-parser/test/index.js b/packages/babel-parser/test/index.js
index 7ec91fb86a05..a87e7b44cc9d 100644
--- a/packages/babel-parser/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-parser/test/index.js
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 import path from "path";
 import { runFixtureTests } from "./helpers/runFixtureTests";
 import { parse } from "../lib";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
-runFixtureTests(path.join(__dirname, "fixtures"), parse);
+const fixtures = path.join(
+  path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+  "fixtures",
+);
+runFixtureTests(fixtures, parse);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-external-helpers/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-external-helpers/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-external-helpers/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-external-helpers/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-async-generator-functions/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-async-generator-functions/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-async-generator-functions/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-async-generator-functions/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-class-properties/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-class-properties/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-class-properties/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-class-properties/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-class-static-block/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-class-static-block/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-class-static-block/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-class-static-block/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-decorators/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-decorators/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-decorators/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-decorators/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-do-expressions/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-do-expressions/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-do-expressions/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-do-expressions/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-dynamic-import/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-dynamic-import/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-dynamic-import/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-dynamic-import/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-export-default-from/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-export-default-from/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-export-default-from/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-export-default-from/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-export-namespace-from/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-export-namespace-from/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-export-namespace-from/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-export-namespace-from/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-function-bind/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-function-bind/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-function-bind/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-function-bind/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-function-sent/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-function-sent/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-function-sent/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-function-sent/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-json-strings/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-json-strings/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-json-strings/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-json-strings/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-logical-assignment-operators/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-logical-assignment-operators/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-logical-assignment-operators/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-logical-assignment-operators/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-nullish-coalescing-operator/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-nullish-coalescing-operator/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-nullish-coalescing-operator/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-nullish-coalescing-operator/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-numeric-separator/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-numeric-separator/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-numeric-separator/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-numeric-separator/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-object-rest-spread/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-object-rest-spread/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-object-rest-spread/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-object-rest-spread/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-optional-catch-binding/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-optional-catch-binding/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-optional-catch-binding/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-optional-catch-binding/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-optional-chaining/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-optional-chaining/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-optional-chaining/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-optional-chaining/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-partial-application/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-partial-application/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-partial-application/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-partial-application/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-pipeline-operator/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-pipeline-operator/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-pipeline-operator/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-pipeline-operator/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-private-methods/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-private-methods/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-private-methods/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-private-methods/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-private-property-in-object/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-private-property-in-object/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-private-property-in-object/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-private-property-in-object/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-record-and-tuple/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-record-and-tuple/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-record-and-tuple/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-record-and-tuple/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-throw-expressions/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-throw-expressions/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-throw-expressions/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-throw-expressions/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-unicode-property-regex/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-unicode-property-regex/test/index.js
index 8c71ab59f548..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-unicode-property-regex/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-proposal-unicode-property-regex/test/index.js
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
-runner(__dirname);
+
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-arrow-functions/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-arrow-functions/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-arrow-functions/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-arrow-functions/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-async-to-generator/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-async-to-generator/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-async-to-generator/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-async-to-generator/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-block-scoped-functions/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-block-scoped-functions/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-block-scoped-functions/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-block-scoped-functions/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-block-scoping/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-block-scoping/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-block-scoping/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-block-scoping/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-classes/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-classes/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-classes/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-classes/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-computed-properties/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-computed-properties/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-computed-properties/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-computed-properties/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-destructuring/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-destructuring/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-destructuring/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-destructuring/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-dotall-regex/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-dotall-regex/test/index.js
index 8c71ab59f548..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-dotall-regex/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-dotall-regex/test/index.js
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
-runner(__dirname);
+
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-duplicate-keys/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-duplicate-keys/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-duplicate-keys/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-duplicate-keys/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-exponentiation-operator/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-exponentiation-operator/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-exponentiation-operator/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-exponentiation-operator/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-flow-comments/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-flow-comments/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-flow-comments/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-flow-comments/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-flow-strip-types/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-flow-strip-types/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-flow-strip-types/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-flow-strip-types/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-for-of/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-for-of/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-for-of/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-for-of/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-function-name/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-function-name/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-function-name/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-function-name/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-instanceof/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-instanceof/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-instanceof/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-instanceof/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-jscript/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-jscript/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-jscript/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-jscript/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-member-expression-literals/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-member-expression-literals/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-member-expression-literals/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-member-expression-literals/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-amd/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-amd/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-amd/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-amd/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/copied-nodes.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/copied-nodes.js
index d0c3e4894e65..4fb76081850a 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/copied-nodes.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/copied-nodes.js
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
-const babel = require("@babel/core");
+import * as babel from "@babel/core";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import path from "path";
+
+import transformCommonJS from "..";
 
 test("Doesn't use the same object for two different nodes in the AST", function () {
   const code = 'import Foo from "bar"; Foo; Foo;';
 
   const ast = babel.transform(code, {
-    cwd: __dirname,
+    cwd: path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
     ast: true,
-    plugins: [[require("../"), { loose: true }]],
+    plugins: [[transformCommonJS, { loose: true }]],
   }).ast;
 
   expect(ast.program.body[0].declarations[0].id.type).toBe("Identifier");
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/esmodule-flag.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/esmodule-flag.js
index 30d9a1f4745a..cdb44988f7a4 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/esmodule-flag.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/esmodule-flag.js
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
-const babel = require("@babel/core");
-const vm = require("vm");
+import * as babel from "@babel/core";
+import vm from "vm";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import path from "path";
+
+import transformCommonJS from "..";
 
 test("Re-export doesn't overwrite __esModule flag", function () {
   let code = 'export * from "./dep";';
@@ -13,14 +17,14 @@ test("Re-export doesn't overwrite __esModule flag", function () {
     },
     require: function (id) {
       if (id === "./dep") return depStub;
-      return require(id);
+      throw new Error("Unexpected dependency: " + id);
     },
   };
   context.exports = context.module.exports;
 
   code = babel.transform(code, {
-    cwd: __dirname,
-    plugins: [[require("../"), { loose: true }]],
+    cwd: path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+    plugins: [[transformCommonJS, { loose: true }]],
     ast: false,
   }).code;
 
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-systemjs/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-systemjs/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-systemjs/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-systemjs/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-umd/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-umd/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-umd/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-modules-umd/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-new-target/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-new-target/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-new-target/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-new-target/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-object-super/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-object-super/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-object-super/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-object-super/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-parameters/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-parameters/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-parameters/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-parameters/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-property-literals/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-property-literals/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-property-literals/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-property-literals/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-property-mutators/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-property-mutators/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-property-mutators/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-property-mutators/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-proto-to-assign/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-proto-to-assign/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-proto-to-assign/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-proto-to-assign/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-constant-elements/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-constant-elements/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-constant-elements/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-constant-elements/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-display-name/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-display-name/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-display-name/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-display-name/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-inline-elements/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-inline-elements/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-inline-elements/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-inline-elements/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-compat/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-compat/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-compat/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-compat/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-development/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-development/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-development/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-development/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-self/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-self/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-self/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-self/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-source/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-source/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-source/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx-source/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-jsx/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-pure-annotations/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-pure-annotations/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-pure-annotations/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-react-pure-annotations/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-regenerator/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-regenerator/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-regenerator/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-regenerator/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-reserved-words/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-reserved-words/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-reserved-words/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-reserved-words/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/src/get-runtime-path/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/src/get-runtime-path/index.js
index c7a9c09d9228..56e3a5a1ed49 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/src/get-runtime-path/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/src/get-runtime-path/index.js
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 import path from "path";
 
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+
 export default function (moduleName, dirname, absoluteRuntime) {
   if (absoluteRuntime === false) return moduleName;
 
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/test/regression.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/test/regression.js
index ad661f5c6636..b85c72054e57 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/test/regression.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-runtime/test/regression.js
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+
 it("module.exports.default is correctly updated", () => {
   const typeofHelper = require("@babel/runtime/helpers/typeof");
 
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-shorthand-properties/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-shorthand-properties/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-shorthand-properties/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-shorthand-properties/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-spread/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-spread/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-spread/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-spread/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-sticky-regex/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-sticky-regex/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-sticky-regex/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-sticky-regex/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-strict-mode/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-strict-mode/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-strict-mode/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-strict-mode/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-template-literals/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-template-literals/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-template-literals/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-template-literals/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typeof-symbol/test/helper.spec.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typeof-symbol/test/helper.spec.js
index 8a11f4133f10..7d84993c92e3 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typeof-symbol/test/helper.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typeof-symbol/test/helper.spec.js
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 import * as babel from "@babel/core";
 import fs from "fs";
+import { createRequire } from "module";
 
 import transformTypeofSymbol from "..";
 
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+
 const readFile = path =>
   new Promise((resolve, reject) =>
     fs.readFile(path, "utf8", (err, contents) => {
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typeof-symbol/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typeof-symbol/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typeof-symbol/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typeof-symbol/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/index.js
index 8c71ab59f548..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-typescript/test/index.js
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
-runner(__dirname);
+
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-unicode-escapes/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-unicode-escapes/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-unicode-escapes/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-unicode-escapes/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-unicode-regex/test/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-unicode-regex/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-unicode-regex/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-unicode-regex/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/fixtures.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/fixtures.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/fixtures.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/fixtures.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/get-option-specific-excludes.spec.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/get-option-specific-excludes.spec.js
index ea0cd6950c7d..f3cdae4485fa 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/get-option-specific-excludes.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/get-option-specific-excludes.spec.js
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-"use strict";
-
-const getOptionSpecificExcludesFor = require("../lib/get-option-specific-excludes")
-  .default;
+import getOptionSpecificExcludesFor from "../lib/get-option-specific-excludes";
 
 describe("defaults", () => {
   describe("getOptionSpecificExcludesFor", () => {
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/index.spec.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/index.spec.js
index 16f265c86c02..15878bc898ba 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/index.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/index.spec.js
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-"use strict";
+import compatData from "@babel/compat-data/plugins";
 
-const babelPresetEnv = require("../lib/index");
-const removeRegeneratorEntryPlugin = require("../lib/polyfills/regenerator")
-  .default;
-const pluginCoreJS2 = require("babel-plugin-polyfill-corejs2").default;
-const pluginCoreJS3 = require("babel-plugin-polyfill-corejs3").default;
-const pluginRegenerator = require("babel-plugin-polyfill-regenerator").default;
-const pluginLegacyBabelPolyfill = require("../lib/polyfills/babel-polyfill")
-  .default;
-const transformations = require("../lib/module-transformations").default;
+import * as babelPresetEnv from "../lib/index";
+import removeRegeneratorEntryPlugin from "../lib/polyfills/regenerator";
+import pluginLegacyBabelPolyfill from "../lib/polyfills/babel-polyfill";
+import transformations from "../lib/module-transformations";
+import availablePlugins from "../lib/available-plugins";
 
-const compatData = require("@babel/compat-data/plugins");
-const availablePlugins = require("../lib/available-plugins").default;
+import _pluginCoreJS2 from "babel-plugin-polyfill-corejs2";
+import _pluginCoreJS3 from "babel-plugin-polyfill-corejs3";
+import _pluginRegenerator from "babel-plugin-polyfill-regenerator";
+const pluginCoreJS2 = _pluginCoreJS2.default;
+const pluginCoreJS3 = _pluginCoreJS3.default;
+const pluginRegenerator = _pluginRegenerator.default;
 
 describe("babel-preset-env", () => {
   describe("transformIncludesAndExcludes", () => {
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/normalize-options.spec.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/normalize-options.spec.js
index 948c107cee70..aaac0dc718e5 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/normalize-options.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/normalize-options.spec.js
@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
-"use strict";
-
-const normalizeOptions = require("../lib/normalize-options.js");
-
-const {
+import normalizeOptions, {
   checkDuplicateIncludeExcludes,
   validateModulesOption,
   validateUseBuiltInsOption,
   normalizePluginName,
-} = normalizeOptions;
+} from "../lib/normalize-options";
+
 describe("normalize-options", () => {
   describe("normalizeOptions", () => {
     it("should return normalized `include` and `exclude`", () => {
-      const normalized = normalizeOptions.default({
+      const normalized = normalizeOptions({
         include: [
           "babel-plugin-transform-spread",
           "transform-classes",
@@ -59,9 +56,9 @@ describe("normalize-options", () => {
     `(
       "should throw if with includes $include and excludes $exclude",
       ({ include, exclude }) => {
-        expect(() =>
-          normalizeOptions.default({ include, exclude }),
-        ).toThrowError(/were found in both/);
+        expect(() => normalizeOptions({ include, exclude })).toThrowError(
+          /were found in both/,
+        );
       },
     );
 
@@ -69,7 +66,7 @@ describe("normalize-options", () => {
       [2, 2.1, 3, 3.5].forEach(corejs => {
         ["entry", "usage"].forEach(useBuiltIns => {
           expect(() =>
-            normalizeOptions.default({ useBuiltIns, corejs }),
+            normalizeOptions({ useBuiltIns, corejs }),
           ).not.toThrowError();
         });
       });
@@ -78,28 +75,28 @@ describe("normalize-options", () => {
     it("should throw if corejs version is invalid", () => {
       [1, 1.2, 4, 4.5].forEach(corejs => {
         ["entry", "usage"].forEach(useBuiltIns => {
-          expect(() =>
-            normalizeOptions.default({ useBuiltIns, corejs }),
-          ).toThrowError(/The version passed to `corejs` is invalid./);
+          expect(() => normalizeOptions({ useBuiltIns, corejs })).toThrowError(
+            /The version passed to `corejs` is invalid./,
+          );
         });
       });
     });
 
     it("throws when including module plugins", () => {
       expect(() =>
-        normalizeOptions.default({ include: ["proposal-dynamic-import"] }),
+        normalizeOptions({ include: ["proposal-dynamic-import"] }),
       ).toThrow();
       expect(() =>
-        normalizeOptions.default({ include: ["transform-modules-amd"] }),
+        normalizeOptions({ include: ["transform-modules-amd"] }),
       ).toThrow();
     });
 
     it("allows exclusion of module plugins ", () => {
       expect(() =>
-        normalizeOptions.default({ exclude: ["proposal-dynamic-import"] }),
+        normalizeOptions({ exclude: ["proposal-dynamic-import"] }),
       ).not.toThrow();
       expect(() =>
-        normalizeOptions.default({ exclude: ["transform-modules-commonjs"] }),
+        normalizeOptions({ exclude: ["transform-modules-commonjs"] }),
       ).not.toThrow();
     });
   });
@@ -116,7 +113,7 @@ describe("normalize-options", () => {
   describe("RegExp include/exclude", () => {
     it("should not allow invalid plugins in `include` and `exclude`", () => {
       const normalizeWithNonExistingPlugin = () => {
-        normalizeOptions.default({
+        normalizeOptions({
           include: ["non-existing-plugin"],
         });
       };
@@ -124,7 +121,7 @@ describe("normalize-options", () => {
     });
 
     it("should expand regular expressions in `include` and `exclude`", () => {
-      const normalized = normalizeOptions.default({
+      const normalized = normalizeOptions({
         include: ["^[a-z]*-spread", "babel-plugin-transform-classes"],
       });
       expect(normalized.include).toEqual([
@@ -134,7 +131,7 @@ describe("normalize-options", () => {
     });
 
     it("should expand regular expressions in `include` and `exclude`", () => {
-      const normalized = normalizeOptions.default({
+      const normalized = normalizeOptions({
         useBuiltIns: "entry",
         corejs: 3,
         exclude: ["es.math.log.*"],
@@ -148,7 +145,7 @@ describe("normalize-options", () => {
 
     it("should not allow the same modules in `include` and `exclude`", () => {
       const normalizeWithNonExistingPlugin = () => {
-        normalizeOptions.default({
+        normalizeOptions({
           useBuiltIns: "entry",
           corejs: 3,
           include: ["es.math.log2"],
@@ -159,7 +156,7 @@ describe("normalize-options", () => {
     });
 
     it("should not do partial match if not explicitly defined `include` and `exclude`", () => {
-      const normalized = normalizeOptions.default({
+      const normalized = normalizeOptions({
         useBuiltIns: "entry",
         corejs: 3,
         include: ["es.reflect.set-prototype-of"],
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/regressions.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/regressions.js
index 6adee32f5d08..9f201b0adb3e 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/regressions.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/regressions.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import * as babel7_12 from "@babel/core";
 import env from "..";
 import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
 describe("#12880", () => {
   it("read the .browserslistrc file when using @babel/core < 7.13.0", () => {
@@ -10,7 +11,11 @@ describe("#12880", () => {
     const out = babel7_12.transformSync("a ** b; a => b;", {
       configFile: false,
       presets: [[env, { modules: false }]],
-      filename: path.join(__dirname, "regressions", "input.js"),
+      filename: path.join(
+        path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+        "regressions",
+        "input.js",
+      ),
     });
 
     expect(out.code).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-flow/test/flow.js b/packages/babel-preset-flow/test/flow.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-flow/test/flow.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-flow/test/flow.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-react/test/preset-options.js b/packages/babel-preset-react/test/preset-options.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-react/test/preset-options.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-react/test/preset-options.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-typescript/test/index.js b/packages/babel-preset-typescript/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-typescript/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-typescript/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/packages/babel-register/test/browserify.js b/packages/babel-register/test/browserify.js
index 8696083e7257..8fb983b97b8f 100644
--- a/packages/babel-register/test/browserify.js
+++ b/packages/babel-register/test/browserify.js
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 import browserify from "browserify";
 import path from "path";
 import vm from "vm";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
 describe("browserify", function () {
   it("@babel/register may be used without breaking browserify", function (done) {
     const bundler = browserify(
-      path.join(__dirname, "fixtures/browserify/register.js"),
+      path.join(
+        path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+        "fixtures/browserify/register.js",
+      ),
     );
 
     bundler.bundle(function (err, bundle) {
diff --git a/packages/babel-register/test/cache.js b/packages/babel-register/test/cache.js
index 237b82578f53..222889871af8 100644
--- a/packages/babel-register/test/cache.js
+++ b/packages/babel-register/test/cache.js
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 import fs from "fs";
 import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
 
-const testCacheFilename = path.join(__dirname, ".babel");
+const testCacheFilename = path.join(
+  path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)),
+  ".babel",
+);
 const oldBabelDisableCacheValue = process.env.BABEL_DISABLE_CACHE;
 
 process.env.BABEL_CACHE_PATH = testCacheFilename;
diff --git a/packages/babel-register/test/index.js b/packages/babel-register/test/index.js
index 6114f61a2a1d..8b60ae9d69b5 100644
--- a/packages/babel-register/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-register/test/index.js
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
-import fs from "fs";
-import path from "path";
-import child from "child_process";
+"use strict";
+
+const fs = require("fs");
+const path = require("path");
+const child = require("child_process");
 
 let currentHook;
 let currentOptions;
diff --git a/packages/babel-standalone/test/babel.js b/packages/babel-standalone/test/babel.js
index 3858571e3963..6bb1307a0678 100644
--- a/packages/babel-standalone/test/babel.js
+++ b/packages/babel-standalone/test/babel.js
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+
 // Basic smoke tests for @babel/standalone
 (process.env.TEST_TYPE === "cov" ? describe.skip : describe)(
   "@babel/standalone",
diff --git a/packages/babel-standalone/test/preset-stage-1.test.js b/packages/babel-standalone/test/preset-stage-1.test.js
index fbcb49b6ff0b..1be445c5cfcf 100644
--- a/packages/babel-standalone/test/preset-stage-1.test.js
+++ b/packages/babel-standalone/test/preset-stage-1.test.js
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+import { createRequire } from "module";
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+
 (process.env.TEST_TYPE === "cov" ? describe.skip : describe)(
   "stage-1 preset",
   () => {
diff --git a/packages/babel-traverse/test/index.js b/packages/babel-traverse/test/index.js
index 1b534b8fc64a..21a55ce6b5e7 100644
--- a/packages/babel-traverse/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-traverse/test/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 import runner from "@babel/helper-plugin-test-runner";
 
-runner(__dirname);
+runner(import.meta.url);
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index 183641765cbc..bbf152921b51 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -1104,15 +1104,15 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: unknown
   linkType: soft
 
-"@babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import@npm:^7.12.17":
-  version: 7.12.17
-  resolution: "@babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import@npm:7.12.17"
+"@babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import@npm:^7.12.17, @babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import@npm:^7.13.8":
+  version: 7.13.8
+  resolution: "@babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import@npm:7.13.8"
   dependencies:
-    "@babel/helper-plugin-utils": ^7.12.13
-    "@babel/plugin-syntax-dynamic-import": ^7.8.0
+    "@babel/helper-plugin-utils": ^7.13.0
+    "@babel/plugin-syntax-dynamic-import": ^7.8.3
   peerDependencies:
     "@babel/core": ^7.0.0-0
-  checksum: ff09c210552e7c0e5a624c4c56f5cba00922f6c5c01fe46fb2ea5c2d68285d31c92e96a39cc2a68d2ed90c8f5a8c21cbae15ee7b83129f24c0656b26b8e73554
+  checksum: 47ff82e3e3731f93a9e51a7f16f1807ee5fbd627df67b423bcf9bb206ae9230385d62c7310e41ec6ef732f01f0af81061bbbf5f6cbfe6b95aa8fa01571166c9e
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -4085,9 +4085,9 @@ __metadata:
   linkType: hard
 
 "@types/node@npm:*":
-  version: 12.12.15
-  resolution: "@types/node@npm:12.12.15"
-  checksum: 3f68af6f288ab0994be8d69f2e9f2a530b276ac8de4bc48492897e9c204492ce706072effdadda21f399490688bfb35ffb0f4aa674f6a2e72b27d0cc3b094842
+  version: 14.14.31
+  resolution: "@types/node@npm:14.14.31"
+  checksum: 635dc8a0898a923621e02ca179e17baa39fdfa44f0096fcc1b7046c9b32317e74a99956a7b45ca0e8069874f51f4e7873a418239a318a4b6e7936f6510ac5992
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -5471,6 +5471,7 @@ __metadata:
     "@babel/eslint-parser": "workspace:*"
     "@babel/eslint-plugin-development": "workspace:*"
     "@babel/eslint-plugin-development-internal": "workspace:*"
+    "@babel/plugin-proposal-dynamic-import": ^7.13.8
     "@babel/plugin-proposal-export-namespace-from": ^7.12.13
     "@babel/plugin-proposal-object-rest-spread": ^7.13.0
     "@babel/plugin-transform-modules-commonjs": ^7.13.0