[7.2.0] Replace most Bzlmod events with a Skyframe graph lookup

[bazel-io]

Forked from #22058

[bazel-io]

Cherry-pick was attempted but there were merge conflicts in the following file(s). Please resolve manually.

src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/bazel/bzlmod/BazelLockFileModule.java
src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/bazel/bzlmod/ModuleExtensionResolutionTest.java

cc: @bazelbuild/triage

[iancha1992]

Cherry-pick was attempted but there were merge conflicts in the following file(s). Please resolve manually.

src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/bazel/bzlmod/BazelLockFileModule.java src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/bazel/bzlmod/ModuleExtensionResolutionTest.java

cc: @bazelbuild/triage

cc: @fmeum @justinhorvitz @Wyverald

[bazel-io]

Cherry-pick was attempted but there were merge conflicts in the following file(s). Please resolve manually.

src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/bazel/bzlmod/BazelLockFileModule.java

cc: @bazelbuild/triage

[Wyverald]

#22265