[release-1.12] bump go to 1.21.8

[jetstack-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #6824

/assign inteon

Upgrade go to 1.21.8: fixes CVE-2024-24783

[inteon]

/approve
/lgtm

[jetstack-bot]

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[SgtCoDFish]

I suggested a few times that we might as well go to 1.22.x for cert-manager 1.12.x because 1.21.x will EOL before the EOL of release-1.12 - by upgrading to 1.21.x we're creating more work for ourselves in the future

Suggesting it once more here

[inteon]

I suggested a few times that we might as well go to 1.22.x for cert-manager 1.12.x because 1.21.x will EOL before the EOL of release-1.12 - by upgrading to 1.21.x we're creating more work for ourselves in the future

Suggesting it once more here

I decided to use go1.21.8 because we also use that version in cert-manager 1.14 and on master.
I think we should upgrade to go1.22 by backporting the upgrade from master to 1.14, 1.13 and 1.12.
Also, I did not want to "overtake" master and 1.14

[SgtCoDFish]

Yeah I would've upgraded to 1.22.x on master

I think this approach of doing 1.21.x now and then upgrading later is significantly worse for everyone involved us and users. I've been a broken record about this.

But I've said my piece - I won't block anything over it.

[inteon]

/kind cleanup