diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 0a571532562..0505bb5b53d 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).
   built-in flags and be copied to all subcommands, instead disable
   the built-in flags (`Command::disable_help_flag`,
   `Command::disable_version_flag`) and mark the custom flags as `global(true)`.
+- Looking up a group in `ArgMatches` now returns the arg `Id`s, rather than the values.
+- Various `Arg`, `Command`, and `ArgGroup` calls were switched from accepting `&[]` to `[]` via `IntoIterator`
 - *(help)* Make `DeriveDisplayOrder` the default and removed the setting.  To sort help, set `next_display_order(None)` (#2808)
 - *(help)* Subcommand display order respects `Command::next_display_order` instead of `DeriveDisplayOrder` and using its own initial display order value (#2808)
 - *(env)* Parse `--help` and `--version` like any `ArgAction::SetTrue` flag (#3776)
diff --git a/clap_bench/benches/05_ripgrep.rs b/clap_bench/benches/05_ripgrep.rs
index 8cbe330a4f6..3814228353c 100644
--- a/clap_bench/benches/05_ripgrep.rs
+++ b/clap_bench/benches/05_ripgrep.rs
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ where
         .arg(flag("help"))
         .arg(flag("version").short('V'))
         // First, set up primary positional/flag arguments.
-        .arg(arg("pattern").required_unless_present_any(&[
+        .arg(arg("pattern").required_unless_present_any([
             "file",
             "files",
             "help-short",
@@ -337,9 +337,9 @@ where
             flag("files")
                 // This should also conflict with `pattern`, but the first file
                 // path will actually be in `pattern`.
-                .conflicts_with_all(&["file", "regexp", "type-list"]),
+                .conflicts_with_all(["file", "regexp", "type-list"]),
         )
-        .arg(flag("type-list").conflicts_with_all(&["file", "files", "pattern", "regexp"]))
+        .arg(flag("type-list").conflicts_with_all(["file", "files", "pattern", "regexp"]))
         // Second, set up common flags.
         .arg(flag("text").short('a'))
         .arg(flag("count").short('c'))
diff --git a/clap_bench/benches/06_rustup.rs b/clap_bench/benches/06_rustup.rs
index f6d391fe1e7..a2189717a09 100644
--- a/clap_bench/benches/06_rustup.rs
+++ b/clap_bench/benches/06_rustup.rs
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ fn build_cli() -> Command<'static> {
                         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
                         .help("Standard library API documentation"),
                 )
-                .group(ArgGroup::new("page").args(&["book", "std"])),
+                .group(ArgGroup::new("page").args(["book", "std"])),
         )
         .subcommand(
             Command::new("man")
diff --git a/clap_mangen/src/render.rs b/clap_mangen/src/render.rs
index 1655af38a2a..b437125bd50 100644
--- a/clap_mangen/src/render.rs
+++ b/clap_mangen/src/render.rs
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ pub(crate) fn synopsis(roff: &mut Roff, cmd: &clap::Command) {
         if let Some(value) = arg.get_value_names() {
             line.push(italic(value.join(" ")));
         } else {
-            line.push(italic(arg.get_id()));
+            line.push(italic(arg.get_id().as_str()));
         }
         line.push(roman(rhs));
         line.push(roman(" "));
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ pub(crate) fn options(roff: &mut Roff, cmd: &clap::Command) {
         if let Some(value) = pos.get_value_names() {
             header.push(italic(value.join(" ")));
         } else {
-            header.push(italic(pos.get_id()));
+            header.push(italic(pos.get_id().as_str()));
         };
         header.push(roman(rhs));
 
diff --git a/examples/tutorial_builder/04_03_relations.rs b/examples/tutorial_builder/04_03_relations.rs
index 37e097558f1..101e8783cfe 100644
--- a/examples/tutorial_builder/04_03_relations.rs
+++ b/examples/tutorial_builder/04_03_relations.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ fn main() {
         .group(
             ArgGroup::new("vers")
                 .required(true)
-                .args(&["set-ver", "major", "minor", "patch"]),
+                .args(["set-ver", "major", "minor", "patch"]),
         )
         // Arguments can also be added to a group individually, these two arguments
         // are part of the "input" group which is not required
diff --git a/examples/tutorial_derive/04_03_relations.rs b/examples/tutorial_derive/04_03_relations.rs
index f5842b10e43..231cf78237a 100644
--- a/examples/tutorial_derive/04_03_relations.rs
+++ b/examples/tutorial_derive/04_03_relations.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use clap::{ArgGroup, Parser};
 #[clap(group(
             ArgGroup::new("vers")
                 .required(true)
-                .args(&["set_ver", "major", "minor", "patch"]),
+                .args(["set_ver", "major", "minor", "patch"]),
         ))]
 struct Cli {
     /// set version manually
diff --git a/src/builder/arg.rs b/src/builder/arg.rs
index 802250d86f0..dd14a95e0bd 100644
--- a/src/builder/arg.rs
+++ b/src/builder/arg.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use super::{ArgFlags, ArgSettings};
 use crate::builder::ArgPredicate;
 use crate::builder::PossibleValue;
 use crate::builder::ValueRange;
-use crate::util::{Id, Key};
+use crate::util::Id;
 use crate::ArgAction;
 use crate::ValueHint;
 use crate::INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG;
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ use crate::INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG;
 #[derive(Default, Clone)]
 pub struct Arg<'help> {
     pub(crate) id: Id,
-    pub(crate) name: &'help str,
     pub(crate) help: Option<&'help str>,
     pub(crate) long_help: Option<&'help str>,
     pub(crate) action: Option<ArgAction>,
@@ -102,18 +101,16 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// # ;
     /// ```
     /// [`Arg::action(ArgAction::Set)`]: Arg::action()
-    pub fn new<S: Into<&'help str>>(n: S) -> Self {
-        Arg::default().id(n)
+    pub fn new(id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
+        Arg::default().id(id)
     }
 
     /// Set the identifier used for referencing this argument in the clap API.
     ///
     /// See [`Arg::new`] for more details.
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn id<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, n: S) -> Self {
-        let name = n.into();
-        self.id = Id::from(name);
-        self.name = name;
+    pub fn id(mut self, id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
+        self.id = id.into();
         self
     }
 
@@ -660,7 +657,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [Conflicting]: Arg::conflicts_with()
     /// [override]: Arg::overrides_with()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn requires<T: Key>(mut self, arg_id: T) -> Self {
+    pub fn requires(mut self, arg_id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
         self.requires.push((ArgPredicate::IsPresent, arg_id.into()));
         self
     }
@@ -2442,7 +2439,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     ///
     /// [`ArgGroup`]: crate::ArgGroup
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn group<T: Key>(mut self, group_id: T) -> Self {
+    pub fn group(mut self, group_id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
         self.groups.push(group_id.into());
         self
     }
@@ -2456,7 +2453,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// Arg::new("debug")
     ///     .long("debug")
     ///     .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-    ///     .groups(&["mode", "verbosity"])
+    ///     .groups(["mode", "verbosity"])
     /// # ;
     /// ```
     ///
@@ -2469,11 +2466,11 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("debug")
     ///         .long("debug")
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-    ///         .groups(&["mode", "verbosity"]))
+    ///         .groups(["mode", "verbosity"]))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("verbose")
     ///         .long("verbose")
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-    ///         .groups(&["mode", "verbosity"]))
+    ///         .groups(["mode", "verbosity"]))
     ///     .get_matches_from(vec![
     ///         "prog", "--debug"
     ///     ]);
@@ -2483,8 +2480,8 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     ///
     /// [`ArgGroup`]: crate::ArgGroup
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn groups<T: Key>(mut self, group_ids: &[T]) -> Self {
-        self.groups.extend(group_ids.iter().map(Id::from));
+    pub fn groups(mut self, group_ids: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<Id>>) -> Self {
+        self.groups.extend(group_ids.into_iter().map(Into::into));
         self
     }
 
@@ -2601,9 +2598,9 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [`Arg::action(ArgAction::Set)`]: Arg::action()
     /// [`Arg::default_value`]: Arg::default_value()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn default_value_if<T: Key>(
+    pub fn default_value_if(
         self,
-        arg_id: T,
+        arg_id: impl Into<Id>,
         val: Option<&'help str>,
         default: Option<&'help str>,
     ) -> Self {
@@ -2616,9 +2613,9 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [`Arg::default_value_if`]: Arg::default_value_if()
     /// [`OsStr`]: std::ffi::OsStr
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn default_value_if_os<T: Key>(
+    pub fn default_value_if_os(
         mut self,
-        arg_id: T,
+        arg_id: impl Into<Id>,
         val: Option<&'help OsStr>,
         default: Option<&'help OsStr>,
     ) -> Self {
@@ -2649,7 +2646,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     ///         .action(ArgAction::Set))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("other")
     ///         .long("other")
-    ///         .default_value_ifs(&[
+    ///         .default_value_ifs([
     ///             ("flag", Some("true"), Some("default")),
     ///             ("opt", Some("channal"), Some("chan")),
     ///         ]))
@@ -2670,7 +2667,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("other")
     ///         .long("other")
-    ///         .default_value_ifs(&[
+    ///         .default_value_ifs([
     ///             ("flag", Some("true"), Some("default")),
     ///             ("opt", Some("channal"), Some("chan")),
     ///         ]))
@@ -2695,7 +2692,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     ///         .action(ArgAction::Set))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("other")
     ///         .long("other")
-    ///         .default_value_ifs(&[
+    ///         .default_value_ifs([
     ///             ("flag", None, Some("default")),
     ///             ("opt", Some("channal"), Some("chan")),
     ///         ]))
@@ -2708,9 +2705,9 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [`Arg::action(ArgAction::Set)`]: Arg::action()
     /// [`Arg::default_value_if`]: Arg::default_value_if()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn default_value_ifs<T: Key>(
+    pub fn default_value_ifs(
         mut self,
-        ifs: &[(T, Option<&'help str>, Option<&'help str>)],
+        ifs: impl IntoIterator<Item = (impl Into<Id>, Option<&'help str>, Option<&'help str>)>,
     ) -> Self {
         for (arg, val, default) in ifs {
             self = self.default_value_if_os(arg, val.map(OsStr::new), default.map(OsStr::new));
@@ -2724,12 +2721,12 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [`Arg::default_value_ifs`]: Arg::default_value_ifs()
     /// [`OsStr`]: std::ffi::OsStr
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn default_value_ifs_os<T: Key>(
+    pub fn default_value_ifs_os(
         mut self,
-        ifs: &[(T, Option<&'help OsStr>, Option<&'help OsStr>)],
+        ifs: impl IntoIterator<Item = (impl Into<Id>, Option<&'help OsStr>, Option<&'help OsStr>)>,
     ) -> Self {
         for (arg, val, default) in ifs {
-            self = self.default_value_if_os(arg, *val, *default);
+            self = self.default_value_if_os(arg.into(), val, default);
         }
         self
     }
@@ -2788,7 +2785,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// ```
     /// [required]: Arg::required()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn required_unless_present<T: Key>(mut self, arg_id: T) -> Self {
+    pub fn required_unless_present(mut self, arg_id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
         self.r_unless.push(arg_id.into());
         self
     }
@@ -2807,7 +2804,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// ```rust
     /// # use clap::Arg;
     /// Arg::new("config")
-    ///     .required_unless_present_all(&["cfg", "dbg"])
+    ///     .required_unless_present_all(["cfg", "dbg"])
     /// # ;
     /// ```
     ///
@@ -2818,7 +2815,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction};
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
-    ///         .required_unless_present_all(&["dbg", "infile"])
+    ///         .required_unless_present_all(["dbg", "infile"])
     ///         .action(ArgAction::Set)
     ///         .long("config"))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("dbg")
@@ -2841,7 +2838,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, error::ErrorKind, ArgAction};
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
-    ///         .required_unless_present_all(&["dbg", "infile"])
+    ///         .required_unless_present_all(["dbg", "infile"])
     ///         .action(ArgAction::Set)
     ///         .long("config"))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("dbg")
@@ -2861,12 +2858,11 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [`Arg::required_unless_present_any`]: Arg::required_unless_present_any()
     /// [`Arg::required_unless_present_all(names)`]: Arg::required_unless_present_all()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn required_unless_present_all<T, I>(mut self, names: I) -> Self
-    where
-        I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
-        T: Key,
-    {
-        self.r_unless_all.extend(names.into_iter().map(Id::from));
+    pub fn required_unless_present_all(
+        mut self,
+        names: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<Id>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.r_unless_all.extend(names.into_iter().map(Into::into));
         self
     }
 
@@ -2884,7 +2880,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// ```rust
     /// # use clap::Arg;
     /// Arg::new("config")
-    ///     .required_unless_present_any(&["cfg", "dbg"])
+    ///     .required_unless_present_any(["cfg", "dbg"])
     /// # ;
     /// ```
     ///
@@ -2897,7 +2893,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction};
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
-    ///         .required_unless_present_any(&["dbg", "infile"])
+    ///         .required_unless_present_any(["dbg", "infile"])
     ///         .action(ArgAction::Set)
     ///         .long("config"))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("dbg")
@@ -2920,7 +2916,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, error::ErrorKind, ArgAction};
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
-    ///         .required_unless_present_any(&["dbg", "infile"])
+    ///         .required_unless_present_any(["dbg", "infile"])
     ///         .action(ArgAction::Set)
     ///         .long("config"))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("dbg")
@@ -2940,12 +2936,11 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [`Arg::required_unless_present_any(names)`]: Arg::required_unless_present_any()
     /// [`Arg::required_unless_present_all`]: Arg::required_unless_present_all()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn required_unless_present_any<T, I>(mut self, names: I) -> Self
-    where
-        I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
-        T: Key,
-    {
-        self.r_unless.extend(names.into_iter().map(Id::from));
+    pub fn required_unless_present_any(
+        mut self,
+        names: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<Id>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.r_unless.extend(names.into_iter().map(Into::into));
         self
     }
 
@@ -3029,7 +3024,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [Conflicting]: Arg::conflicts_with()
     /// [required]: Arg::required()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn required_if_eq<T: Key>(mut self, arg_id: T, val: &'help str) -> Self {
+    pub fn required_if_eq(mut self, arg_id: impl Into<Id>, val: &'help str) -> Self {
         self.r_ifs.push((arg_id.into(), val));
         self
     }
@@ -3044,7 +3039,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// ```rust
     /// # use clap::Arg;
     /// Arg::new("config")
-    ///     .required_if_eq_any(&[
+    ///     .required_if_eq_any([
     ///         ("extra", "val"),
     ///         ("option", "spec")
     ///     ])
@@ -3059,7 +3054,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction};
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
-    ///         .required_if_eq_any(&[
+    ///         .required_if_eq_any([
     ///             ("extra", "val"),
     ///             ("option", "spec")
     ///         ])
@@ -3085,7 +3080,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, error::ErrorKind, ArgAction};
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
-    ///         .required_if_eq_any(&[
+    ///         .required_if_eq_any([
     ///             ("extra", "val"),
     ///             ("option", "spec")
     ///         ])
@@ -3108,9 +3103,12 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [Conflicting]: Arg::conflicts_with()
     /// [required]: Arg::required()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn required_if_eq_any<T: Key>(mut self, ifs: &[(T, &'help str)]) -> Self {
+    pub fn required_if_eq_any(
+        mut self,
+        ifs: impl IntoIterator<Item = (impl Into<Id>, &'help str)>,
+    ) -> Self {
         self.r_ifs
-            .extend(ifs.iter().map(|(id, val)| (Id::from_ref(id), *val)));
+            .extend(ifs.into_iter().map(|(id, val)| (id.into(), val)));
         self
     }
 
@@ -3124,7 +3122,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// ```rust
     /// # use clap::Arg;
     /// Arg::new("config")
-    ///     .required_if_eq_all(&[
+    ///     .required_if_eq_all([
     ///         ("extra", "val"),
     ///         ("option", "spec")
     ///     ])
@@ -3139,7 +3137,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, ArgAction};
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
-    ///         .required_if_eq_all(&[
+    ///         .required_if_eq_all([
     ///             ("extra", "val"),
     ///             ("option", "spec")
     ///         ])
@@ -3165,7 +3163,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// # use clap::{Command, Arg, error::ErrorKind, ArgAction};
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
-    ///         .required_if_eq_all(&[
+    ///         .required_if_eq_all([
     ///             ("extra", "val"),
     ///             ("option", "spec")
     ///         ])
@@ -3186,9 +3184,12 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// ```
     /// [required]: Arg::required()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn required_if_eq_all<T: Key>(mut self, ifs: &[(T, &'help str)]) -> Self {
+    pub fn required_if_eq_all(
+        mut self,
+        ifs: impl IntoIterator<Item = (impl Into<Id>, &'help str)>,
+    ) -> Self {
         self.r_ifs_all
-            .extend(ifs.iter().map(|(id, val)| (Id::from_ref(id), *val)));
+            .extend(ifs.into_iter().map(|(id, val)| (id.into(), val)));
         self
     }
 
@@ -3248,7 +3249,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [Conflicting]: Arg::conflicts_with()
     /// [override]: Arg::overrides_with()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn requires_if<T: Key>(mut self, val: &'help str, arg_id: T) -> Self {
+    pub fn requires_if(mut self, val: &'help str, arg_id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
         self.requires
             .push((ArgPredicate::Equals(OsStr::new(val)), arg_id.into()));
         self
@@ -3263,7 +3264,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// ```rust
     /// # use clap::Arg;
     /// Arg::new("config")
-    ///     .requires_ifs(&[
+    ///     .requires_ifs([
     ///         ("val", "arg"),
     ///         ("other_val", "arg2"),
     ///     ])
@@ -3279,7 +3280,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
     ///         .action(ArgAction::Set)
-    ///         .requires_ifs(&[
+    ///         .requires_ifs([
     ///             ("special.conf", "opt"),
     ///             ("other.conf", "other"),
     ///         ])
@@ -3299,10 +3300,13 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [Conflicting]: Arg::conflicts_with()
     /// [override]: Arg::overrides_with()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn requires_ifs<T: Key>(mut self, ifs: &[(&'help str, T)]) -> Self {
+    pub fn requires_ifs(
+        mut self,
+        ifs: impl IntoIterator<Item = (&'help str, impl Into<Id>)>,
+    ) -> Self {
         self.requires.extend(
-            ifs.iter()
-                .map(|(val, arg)| (ArgPredicate::Equals(OsStr::new(*val)), Id::from(arg))),
+            ifs.into_iter()
+                .map(|(val, arg)| (ArgPredicate::Equals(OsStr::new(val)), arg.into())),
         );
         self
     }
@@ -3319,7 +3323,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// ```rust
     /// # use clap::Arg;
     /// Arg::new("config")
-    ///     .requires_all(&["input", "output"])
+    ///     .requires_all(["input", "output"])
     /// # ;
     /// ```
     ///
@@ -3351,7 +3355,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
     ///         .action(ArgAction::Set)
-    ///         .requires_all(&["input", "output"])
+    ///         .requires_all(["input", "output"])
     ///         .long("config"))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("input"))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("output"))
@@ -3366,9 +3370,12 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [Conflicting]: Arg::conflicts_with()
     /// [override]: Arg::overrides_with()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn requires_all<T: Key>(mut self, names: &[T]) -> Self {
-        self.requires
-            .extend(names.iter().map(|s| (ArgPredicate::IsPresent, s.into())));
+    pub fn requires_all(mut self, names: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<Id>>) -> Self {
+        self.requires.extend(
+            names
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|s| (ArgPredicate::IsPresent, s.into())),
+        );
         self
     }
 
@@ -3417,7 +3424,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [`Arg::conflicts_with_all(names)`]: Arg::conflicts_with_all()
     /// [`Arg::exclusive(true)`]: Arg::exclusive()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn conflicts_with<T: Key>(mut self, arg_id: T) -> Self {
+    pub fn conflicts_with(mut self, arg_id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
         self.blacklist.push(arg_id.into());
         self
     }
@@ -3440,7 +3447,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// ```rust
     /// # use clap::Arg;
     /// Arg::new("config")
-    ///     .conflicts_with_all(&["debug", "input"])
+    ///     .conflicts_with_all(["debug", "input"])
     /// # ;
     /// ```
     ///
@@ -3452,7 +3459,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// let res = Command::new("prog")
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("cfg")
     ///         .action(ArgAction::Set)
-    ///         .conflicts_with_all(&["debug", "input"])
+    ///         .conflicts_with_all(["debug", "input"])
     ///         .long("config"))
     ///     .arg(Arg::new("debug")
     ///         .long("debug"))
@@ -3467,8 +3474,8 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// [`Arg::conflicts_with`]: Arg::conflicts_with()
     /// [`Arg::exclusive(true)`]: Arg::exclusive()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn conflicts_with_all(mut self, names: &[&str]) -> Self {
-        self.blacklist.extend(names.iter().copied().map(Id::from));
+    pub fn conflicts_with_all(mut self, names: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<Id>>) -> Self {
+        self.blacklist.extend(names.into_iter().map(Into::into));
         self
     }
 
@@ -3505,7 +3512,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// assert!(!*m.get_one::<bool>("flag").unwrap());
     /// ```
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn overrides_with<T: Key>(mut self, arg_id: T) -> Self {
+    pub fn overrides_with(mut self, arg_id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
         self.overrides.push(arg_id.into());
         self
     }
@@ -3529,7 +3536,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     ///         .conflicts_with("color"))
     ///     .arg(arg!(-d --debug "other flag"))
     ///     .arg(arg!(-c --color "third flag")
-    ///         .overrides_with_all(&["flag", "debug"]))
+    ///         .overrides_with_all(["flag", "debug"]))
     ///     .get_matches_from(vec![
     ///         "prog", "-f", "-d", "-c"]);
     ///             //    ^~~~~~^~~~~~~~~ flag and debug are overridden by color
@@ -3541,8 +3548,8 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// assert!(!*m.get_one::<bool>("flag").unwrap());
     /// ```
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn overrides_with_all<T: Key>(mut self, names: &[T]) -> Self {
-        self.overrides.extend(names.iter().map(Id::from));
+    pub fn overrides_with_all(mut self, names: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<Id>>) -> Self {
+        self.overrides.extend(names.into_iter().map(Into::into));
         self
     }
 }
@@ -3551,8 +3558,8 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
 impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
     /// Get the name of the argument
     #[inline]
-    pub fn get_id(&self) -> &'help str {
-        self.name
+    pub fn get_id(&self) -> &Id {
+        &self.id
     }
 
     /// Get the help specified for this argument, if any
@@ -3965,7 +3972,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
 
     // Used for positionals when printing
     pub(crate) fn name_no_brackets(&self) -> Cow<str> {
-        debug!("Arg::name_no_brackets:{}", self.name);
+        debug!("Arg::name_no_brackets:{}", self.get_id());
         let delim = " ";
         if !self.val_names.is_empty() {
             debug!("Arg::name_no_brackets: val_names={:#?}", self.val_names);
@@ -3983,7 +3990,7 @@ impl<'help> Arg<'help> {
             }
         } else {
             debug!("Arg::name_no_brackets: just name");
-            Cow::Borrowed(self.name)
+            Cow::Borrowed(self.get_id().as_str())
         }
     }
 
@@ -4005,7 +4012,7 @@ impl<'help> From<&'_ Arg<'help>> for Arg<'help> {
 
 impl<'help> PartialEq for Arg<'help> {
     fn eq(&self, other: &Arg<'help>) -> bool {
-        self.name == other.name
+        self.get_id() == other.get_id()
     }
 }
 
@@ -4017,7 +4024,7 @@ impl<'help> PartialOrd for Arg<'help> {
 
 impl<'help> Ord for Arg<'help> {
     fn cmp(&self, other: &Arg) -> Ordering {
-        self.name.cmp(other.name)
+        self.id.cmp(&other.id)
     }
 }
 
@@ -4076,7 +4083,6 @@ impl<'help> fmt::Debug for Arg<'help> {
         #[allow(unused_mut)]
         let mut ds = ds
             .field("id", &self.id)
-            .field("name", &self.name)
             .field("help", &self.help)
             .field("long_help", &self.long_help)
             .field("action", &self.action)
@@ -4121,7 +4127,7 @@ pub(crate) fn render_arg_val(arg: &Arg) -> String {
 
     let arg_name_storage;
     let val_names = if arg.val_names.is_empty() {
-        arg_name_storage = [arg.name];
+        arg_name_storage = [arg.get_id().as_str()];
         &arg_name_storage
     } else {
         arg.val_names.as_slice()
diff --git a/src/builder/arg_group.rs b/src/builder/arg_group.rs
index 17bc9a4cfc6..64efeb952c0 100644
--- a/src/builder/arg_group.rs
+++ b/src/builder/arg_group.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // Internal
-use crate::util::{Id, Key};
+use crate::util::Id;
 
 /// Family of related [arguments].
 ///
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ use crate::util::{Id, Key};
 ///     .arg(arg!(--minor           "auto increase minor"))
 ///     .arg(arg!(--patch           "auto increase patch"))
 ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("vers")
-///          .args(&["set-ver", "major", "minor", "patch"])
+///          .args(["set-ver", "major", "minor", "patch"])
 ///          .required(true))
 ///     .try_get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "--major", "--patch"]);
 /// // Because we used two args in the group it's an error
@@ -49,23 +49,30 @@ use crate::util::{Id, Key};
 /// let err = result.unwrap_err();
 /// assert_eq!(err.kind(), ErrorKind::ArgumentConflict);
 /// ```
-/// This next example shows a passing parse of the same scenario
 ///
+/// This next example shows a passing parse of the same scenario
 /// ```rust
-/// # use clap::{Command, arg, ArgGroup};
+/// # use clap::{Command, arg, ArgGroup, Id};
 /// let result = Command::new("cmd")
 ///     .arg(arg!(--"set-ver" <ver> "set the version manually").required(false))
 ///     .arg(arg!(--major           "auto increase major"))
 ///     .arg(arg!(--minor           "auto increase minor"))
 ///     .arg(arg!(--patch           "auto increase patch"))
 ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("vers")
-///          .args(&["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"])
+///          .args(["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"])
 ///          .required(true))
 ///     .try_get_matches_from(vec!["cmd", "--major"]);
 /// assert!(result.is_ok());
 /// let matches = result.unwrap();
 /// // We may not know which of the args was used, so we can test for the group...
 /// assert!(matches.contains_id("vers"));
+/// // We can also ask the group which arg was used
+/// assert_eq!(matches
+///     .get_one::<Id>("vers")
+///     .expect("`vers` is required")
+///     .as_str(),
+///     "major"
+/// );
 /// // we could also alternatively check each arg individually (not shown here)
 /// ```
 /// [`ArgGroup::multiple(true)`]: ArgGroup::multiple()
@@ -74,10 +81,9 @@ use crate::util::{Id, Key};
 /// [arguments]: crate::Arg
 /// [conflict]: crate::Arg::conflicts_with()
 /// [requirement]: crate::Arg::requires()
-#[derive(Default, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct ArgGroup<'help> {
+#[derive(Default, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct ArgGroup {
     pub(crate) id: Id,
-    pub(crate) name: &'help str,
     pub(crate) args: Vec<Id>,
     pub(crate) required: bool,
     pub(crate) requires: Vec<Id>,
@@ -85,14 +91,8 @@ pub struct ArgGroup<'help> {
     pub(crate) multiple: bool,
 }
 
-impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
-    pub(crate) fn with_id(id: Id) -> Self {
-        ArgGroup {
-            id,
-            ..ArgGroup::default()
-        }
-    }
-
+/// # Builder
+impl ArgGroup {
     /// Create a `ArgGroup` using a unique name.
     ///
     /// The name will be used to get values from the group or refer to the group inside of conflict
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     /// ArgGroup::new("config")
     /// # ;
     /// ```
-    pub fn new<S: Into<&'help str>>(n: S) -> Self {
-        ArgGroup::default().id(n)
+    pub fn new(id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
+        ArgGroup::default().id(id)
     }
 
     /// Sets the group name.
@@ -119,9 +119,8 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     /// # ;
     /// ```
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn id<S: Into<&'help str>>(mut self, n: S) -> Self {
-        self.name = n.into();
-        self.id = Id::from(self.name);
+    pub fn id(mut self, id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
+        self.id = id.into();
         self
     }
 
@@ -149,7 +148,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     /// ```
     /// [argument]: crate::Arg
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn arg<T: Key>(mut self, arg_id: T) -> Self {
+    pub fn arg(mut self, arg_id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
         self.args.push(arg_id.into());
         self
     }
@@ -168,7 +167,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     ///         .short('c')
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
     ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("req_flags")
-    ///         .args(&["flag", "color"]))
+    ///         .args(["flag", "color"]))
     ///     .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-f"]);
     /// // maybe we don't know which of the two flags was used...
     /// assert!(m.contains_id("req_flags"));
@@ -177,7 +176,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     /// ```
     /// [arguments]: crate::Arg
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn args<T: Key>(mut self, ns: &[T]) -> Self {
+    pub fn args(mut self, ns: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<Id>>) -> Self {
         for n in ns {
             self = self.arg(n);
         }
@@ -201,7 +200,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     ///         .short('c')
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
     ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("req_flags")
-    ///         .args(&["flag", "color"])
+    ///         .args(["flag", "color"])
     ///         .multiple(true))
     ///     .get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-f", "-c"]);
     /// // maybe we don't know which of the two flags was used...
@@ -220,7 +219,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     ///         .short('c')
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
     ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("req_flags")
-    ///         .args(&["flag", "color"]))
+    ///         .args(["flag", "color"]))
     ///     .try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-f", "-c"]);
     /// // Because we used both args in the group it's an error
     /// assert!(result.is_err());
@@ -261,7 +260,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     ///         .short('c')
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
     ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("req_flags")
-    ///         .args(&["flag", "color"])
+    ///         .args(["flag", "color"])
     ///         .required(true))
     ///     .try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog"]);
     /// // Because we didn't use any of the args in the group, it's an error
@@ -303,7 +302,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     ///         .short('d')
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
     ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("req_flags")
-    ///         .args(&["flag", "color"])
+    ///         .args(["flag", "color"])
     ///         .requires("debug"))
     ///     .try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-c"]);
     /// // because we used an arg from the group, and the group requires "-d" to be used, it's an
@@ -315,7 +314,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     /// [required group]: ArgGroup::required()
     /// [argument requirement rules]: crate::Arg::requires()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn requires<T: Key>(mut self, id: T) -> Self {
+    pub fn requires(mut self, id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
         self.requires.push(id.into());
         self
     }
@@ -346,8 +345,8 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     ///         .short('v')
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
     ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("req_flags")
-    ///         .args(&["flag", "color"])
-    ///         .requires_all(&["debug", "verb"]))
+    ///         .args(["flag", "color"])
+    ///         .requires_all(["debug", "verb"]))
     ///     .try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-c", "-d"]);
     /// // because we used an arg from the group, and the group requires "-d" and "-v" to be used,
     /// // yet we only used "-d" it's an error
@@ -358,7 +357,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     /// [required group]: ArgGroup::required()
     /// [argument requirement rules]: crate::Arg::requires_all()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn requires_all(mut self, ns: &[&'help str]) -> Self {
+    pub fn requires_all(mut self, ns: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<Id>>) -> Self {
         for n in ns {
             self = self.requires(n);
         }
@@ -388,7 +387,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     ///         .short('d')
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
     ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("req_flags")
-    ///         .args(&["flag", "color"])
+    ///         .args(["flag", "color"])
     ///         .conflicts_with("debug"))
     ///     .try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-c", "-d"]);
     /// // because we used an arg from the group, and the group conflicts with "-d", it's an error
@@ -398,7 +397,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     /// ```
     /// [argument exclusion rules]: crate::Arg::conflicts_with()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn conflicts_with<T: Key>(mut self, id: T) -> Self {
+    pub fn conflicts_with(mut self, id: impl Into<Id>) -> Self {
         self.conflicts.push(id.into());
         self
     }
@@ -428,8 +427,8 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     ///         .short('v')
     ///         .action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
     ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("req_flags")
-    ///         .args(&["flag", "color"])
-    ///         .conflicts_with_all(&["debug", "verb"]))
+    ///         .args(["flag", "color"])
+    ///         .conflicts_with_all(["debug", "verb"]))
     ///     .try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-c", "-v"]);
     /// // because we used an arg from the group, and the group conflicts with either "-v" or "-d"
     /// // it's an error
@@ -440,7 +439,7 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     ///
     /// [argument exclusion rules]: crate::Arg::conflicts_with_all()
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn conflicts_with_all(mut self, ns: &[&'help str]) -> Self {
+    pub fn conflicts_with_all(mut self, ns: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<Id>>) -> Self {
         for n in ns {
             self = self.conflicts_with(n);
         }
@@ -448,55 +447,42 @@ impl<'help> ArgGroup<'help> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<'help> From<&'_ ArgGroup<'help>> for ArgGroup<'help> {
-    fn from(g: &ArgGroup<'help>) -> Self {
-        ArgGroup {
-            id: g.id.clone(),
-            name: g.name,
-            required: g.required,
-            args: g.args.clone(),
-            requires: g.requires.clone(),
-            conflicts: g.conflicts.clone(),
-            multiple: g.multiple,
-        }
+/// # Reflection
+impl ArgGroup {
+    /// Get the name of the group
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn get_id(&self) -> &Id {
+        &self.id
     }
 }
 
-impl Clone for ArgGroup<'_> {
-    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
-        ArgGroup {
-            id: self.id.clone(),
-            name: self.name,
-            required: self.required,
-            args: self.args.clone(),
-            requires: self.requires.clone(),
-            conflicts: self.conflicts.clone(),
-            multiple: self.multiple,
-        }
+impl From<&'_ ArgGroup> for ArgGroup {
+    fn from(g: &ArgGroup) -> Self {
+        g.clone()
     }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
-    use super::ArgGroup;
+    use super::*;
 
     #[test]
     fn groups() {
         let g = ArgGroup::new("test")
             .arg("a1")
             .arg("a4")
-            .args(&["a2", "a3"])
+            .args(["a2", "a3"])
             .required(true)
             .conflicts_with("c1")
-            .conflicts_with_all(&["c2", "c3"])
+            .conflicts_with_all(["c2", "c3"])
             .conflicts_with("c4")
             .requires("r1")
-            .requires_all(&["r2", "r3"])
+            .requires_all(["r2", "r3"])
             .requires("r4");
 
-        let args = vec!["a1".into(), "a4".into(), "a2".into(), "a3".into()];
-        let reqs = vec!["r1".into(), "r2".into(), "r3".into(), "r4".into()];
-        let confs = vec!["c1".into(), "c2".into(), "c3".into(), "c4".into()];
+        let args: Vec<Id> = vec!["a1".into(), "a4".into(), "a2".into(), "a3".into()];
+        let reqs: Vec<Id> = vec!["r1".into(), "r2".into(), "r3".into(), "r4".into()];
+        let confs: Vec<Id> = vec!["c1".into(), "c2".into(), "c3".into(), "c4".into()];
 
         assert_eq!(g.args, args);
         assert_eq!(g.requires, reqs);
@@ -508,18 +494,18 @@ mod test {
         let g = ArgGroup::new("test")
             .arg("a1")
             .arg("a4")
-            .args(&["a2", "a3"])
+            .args(["a2", "a3"])
             .required(true)
             .conflicts_with("c1")
-            .conflicts_with_all(&["c2", "c3"])
+            .conflicts_with_all(["c2", "c3"])
             .conflicts_with("c4")
             .requires("r1")
-            .requires_all(&["r2", "r3"])
+            .requires_all(["r2", "r3"])
             .requires("r4");
 
-        let args = vec!["a1".into(), "a4".into(), "a2".into(), "a3".into()];
-        let reqs = vec!["r1".into(), "r2".into(), "r3".into(), "r4".into()];
-        let confs = vec!["c1".into(), "c2".into(), "c3".into(), "c4".into()];
+        let args: Vec<Id> = vec!["a1".into(), "a4".into(), "a2".into(), "a3".into()];
+        let reqs: Vec<Id> = vec!["r1".into(), "r2".into(), "r3".into(), "r4".into()];
+        let confs: Vec<Id> = vec!["c1".into(), "c2".into(), "c3".into(), "c4".into()];
 
         let g2 = ArgGroup::from(&g);
         assert_eq!(g2.args, args);
diff --git a/src/builder/command.rs b/src/builder/command.rs
index 593c37ac301..393ce3dd6e3 100644
--- a/src/builder/command.rs
+++ b/src/builder/command.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use crate::output::{fmt::Colorizer, Help, HelpWriter, Usage};
 use crate::parser::{ArgMatcher, ArgMatches, Parser};
 use crate::util::ChildGraph;
 use crate::util::FlatMap;
-use crate::util::{color::ColorChoice, Id, Key};
+use crate::util::{color::ColorChoice, Id};
 use crate::{Error, INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG};
 
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ use crate::builder::debug_asserts::assert_app;
 /// [`Command::get_matches`]: Command::get_matches()
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Command<'help> {
-    id: Id,
     name: String,
     long_flag: Option<&'help str>,
     short_flag: Option<char>,
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ pub struct Command<'help> {
     args: MKeyMap<'help>,
     subcommands: Vec<Command<'help>>,
     replacers: FlatMap<&'help str, &'help [&'help str]>,
-    groups: Vec<ArgGroup<'help>>,
+    groups: Vec<ArgGroup>,
     current_help_heading: Option<&'help str>,
     current_disp_ord: Option<usize>,
     subcommand_value_name: Option<&'help str>,
@@ -126,7 +125,6 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
         /// of this code.
         fn new_inner<'help>(name: String) -> Command<'help> {
             Command {
-                id: Id::from(&*name),
                 name,
                 ..Default::default()
             }
@@ -232,19 +230,15 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
     /// assert!(res.is_ok());
     /// ```
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn mut_arg<T, F>(mut self, arg_id: T, f: F) -> Self
+    pub fn mut_arg<F>(mut self, arg_id: impl Into<Id>, f: F) -> Self
     where
         F: FnOnce(Arg<'help>) -> Arg<'help>,
-        T: Key + Into<&'help str>,
     {
-        let arg_id: &str = arg_id.into();
-        let id = Id::from(arg_id);
-
-        let a = self.args.remove_by_name(&id).unwrap_or_else(|| Arg {
-            id,
-            name: arg_id,
-            ..Arg::default()
-        });
+        let id = arg_id.into();
+        let a = self
+            .args
+            .remove_by_name(id.as_str())
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| Arg::new(id));
 
         self.args.push(f(a));
         self
@@ -274,20 +268,17 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
     /// assert!(res.is_ok());
     /// ```
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn mut_subcommand<'a, T, F>(mut self, subcmd_id: T, f: F) -> Self
+    pub fn mut_subcommand<F>(mut self, name: impl AsRef<str>, f: F) -> Self
     where
         F: FnOnce(Self) -> Self,
-        T: Into<&'a str>,
     {
-        let subcmd_id: &str = subcmd_id.into();
-        let id = Id::from(subcmd_id);
-
-        let pos = self.subcommands.iter().position(|s| s.id == id);
+        let name = name.as_ref();
+        let pos = self.subcommands.iter().position(|s| s.name == name);
 
         let subcmd = if let Some(idx) = pos {
             self.subcommands.remove(idx)
         } else {
-            Self::new(subcmd_id)
+            Self::new(name)
         };
 
         self.subcommands.push(f(subcmd));
@@ -321,13 +312,13 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
     ///     .arg(arg!("--minor 'auto increase minor'"))
     ///     .arg(arg!("--patch 'auto increase patch'"))
     ///     .group(ArgGroup::new("vers")
-    ///          .args(&["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"])
+    ///          .args(["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"])
     ///          .required(true))
     /// # ;
     /// ```
     #[inline]
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn group<G: Into<ArgGroup<'help>>>(mut self, group: G) -> Self {
+    pub fn group<G: Into<ArgGroup>>(mut self, group: G) -> Self {
         self.groups.push(group.into());
         self
     }
@@ -347,10 +338,10 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
     ///     .arg(arg!("-i [IFACE]      'an interface'"))
     ///     .groups(&[
     ///         ArgGroup::new("vers")
-    ///             .args(&["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"])
+    ///             .args(["set-ver", "major", "minor","patch"])
     ///             .required(true),
     ///         ArgGroup::new("input")
-    ///             .args(&["c", "i"])
+    ///             .args(["c", "i"])
     ///     ])
     /// # ;
     /// ```
@@ -358,7 +349,7 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
     pub fn groups<I, T>(mut self, groups: I) -> Self
     where
         I: IntoIterator<Item = T>,
-        T: Into<ArgGroup<'help>>,
+        T: Into<ArgGroup>,
     {
         for g in groups.into_iter() {
             self = self.group(g.into());
@@ -3390,7 +3381,7 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
 
     /// Iterate through the set of groups.
     #[inline]
-    pub fn get_groups(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &ArgGroup<'help>> {
+    pub fn get_groups(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &ArgGroup> {
         self.groups.iter()
     }
 
@@ -3647,10 +3638,6 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
 
 // Internally used only
 impl<'help> Command<'help> {
-    pub(crate) fn get_id(&self) -> Id {
-        self.id.clone()
-    }
-
     pub(crate) fn get_override_usage(&self) -> Option<&str> {
         self.usage_str
     }
@@ -3774,10 +3761,10 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
                 // Fill in the groups
                 for g in &a.groups {
                     if let Some(ag) = self.groups.iter_mut().find(|grp| grp.id == *g) {
-                        ag.args.push(a.id.clone());
+                        ag.args.push(a.get_id().clone());
                     } else {
-                        let mut ag = ArgGroup::with_id(g.clone());
-                        ag.args.push(a.id.clone());
+                        let mut ag = ArgGroup::new(g);
+                        ag.args.push(a.get_id().clone());
                         self.groups.push(ag);
                     }
                 }
@@ -4003,11 +3990,11 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
 
     pub(crate) fn _panic_on_missing_help(&self, help_required_globally: bool) {
         if self.is_set(AppSettings::HelpExpected) || help_required_globally {
-            let args_missing_help: Vec<String> = self
+            let args_missing_help: Vec<Id> = self
                 .args
                 .args()
                 .filter(|arg| arg.help.is_none() && arg.long_help.is_none())
-                .map(|arg| String::from(arg.name))
+                .map(|arg| arg.get_id().clone())
                 .collect();
 
             assert!(args_missing_help.is_empty(),
@@ -4099,7 +4086,7 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
 
         if !self.is_disable_help_flag_set() {
             debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Building default --help");
-            let arg = Arg::new("help")
+            let arg = Arg::new(Id::HELP)
                 .short('h')
                 .long("help")
                 .action(ArgAction::Help)
@@ -4110,7 +4097,7 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
         }
         if !self.is_disable_version_flag_set() {
             debug!("Command::_check_help_and_version: Building default --version");
-            let arg = Arg::new("version")
+            let arg = Arg::new(Id::VERSION)
                 .short('V')
                 .long("version")
                 .action(ArgAction::Version)
@@ -4284,7 +4271,7 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
             .map(|grp| grp.id.clone())
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn find_group(&self, group_id: &Id) -> Option<&ArgGroup<'help>> {
+    pub(crate) fn find_group(&self, group_id: &Id) -> Option<&ArgGroup> {
         self.groups.iter().find(|g| g.id == *group_id)
     }
 
@@ -4450,7 +4437,6 @@ impl<'help> Command<'help> {
 impl<'help> Default for Command<'help> {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
-            id: Default::default(),
             name: Default::default(),
             long_flag: Default::default(),
             short_flag: Default::default(),
diff --git a/src/builder/debug_asserts.rs b/src/builder/debug_asserts.rs
index c78def6f654..77b0dbb5993 100644
--- a/src/builder/debug_asserts.rs
+++ b/src/builder/debug_asserts.rs
@@ -63,24 +63,30 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
             !cmd.is_multicall_set(),
             "Command {}: Arguments like {} cannot be set on a multicall command",
             cmd.get_name(),
-            arg.name
+            arg.get_id()
         );
 
         if let Some(s) = arg.short.as_ref() {
-            short_flags.push(Flag::Arg(format!("-{}", s), arg.name));
+            short_flags.push(Flag::Arg(format!("-{}", s), arg.get_id().as_str()));
         }
 
         for (short_alias, _) in &arg.short_aliases {
-            short_flags.push(Flag::Arg(format!("-{}", short_alias), arg.name));
+            short_flags.push(Flag::Arg(
+                format!("-{}", short_alias),
+                arg.get_id().as_str(),
+            ));
         }
 
         if let Some(l) = arg.long.as_ref() {
-            assert!(!l.starts_with('-'), "Argument {}: long {:?} must not start with a `-`, that will be handled by the parser", arg.name, l);
-            long_flags.push(Flag::Arg(format!("--{}", l), arg.name));
+            assert!(!l.starts_with('-'), "Argument {}: long {:?} must not start with a `-`, that will be handled by the parser", arg.get_id(), l);
+            long_flags.push(Flag::Arg(format!("--{}", l), arg.get_id().as_str()));
         }
 
         for (long_alias, _) in &arg.aliases {
-            long_flags.push(Flag::Arg(format!("--{}", long_alias), arg.name));
+            long_flags.push(Flag::Arg(
+                format!("--{}", long_alias),
+                arg.get_id().as_str(),
+            ));
         }
 
         // Name conflicts
@@ -88,7 +94,7 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
             panic!(
             "Command {}: Argument names must be unique, but '{}' is in use by more than one argument or group{}",
             cmd.get_name(),
-            arg.name,
+            arg.get_id(),
             duplicate_tip(cmd, first, second),
         );
         }
@@ -101,8 +107,8 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
                             but '--{}' is in use by both '{}' and '{}'{}",
                     cmd.get_name(),
                     l,
-                    first.name,
-                    second.name,
+                    first.get_id(),
+                    second.get_id(),
                     duplicate_tip(cmd, first, second)
                 )
             }
@@ -116,8 +122,8 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
                             but '-{}' is in use by both '{}' and '{}'{}",
                     cmd.get_name(),
                     s,
-                    first.name,
-                    second.name,
+                    first.get_id(),
+                    second.get_id(),
                     duplicate_tip(cmd, first, second),
                 )
             }
@@ -134,8 +140,8 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
                     Use `Arg::num_args(1..)` to allow one \
                     positional argument to take multiple values",
                     cmd.get_name(),
-                    first.name,
-                    second.name
+                    first.get_id(),
+                    second.get_id()
                 )
             }
         }
@@ -144,10 +150,10 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
         for req in &arg.requires {
             assert!(
                 cmd.id_exists(&req.1),
-                "Command {}: Argument or group '{:?}' specified in 'requires*' for '{}' does not exist",
+                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'requires*' for '{}' does not exist",
                 cmd.get_name(),
                 req.1,
-                arg.name,
+                arg.get_id(),
             );
         }
 
@@ -155,14 +161,14 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
             assert!(
                 !arg.is_required_set(),
                 "Argument {}: `required` conflicts with `required_if_eq*`",
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
             assert!(
                 cmd.id_exists(&req.0),
-                "Command {}: Argument or group '{:?}' specified in 'required_if_eq*' for '{}' does not exist",
+                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'required_if_eq*' for '{}' does not exist",
                     cmd.get_name(),
                 req.0,
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
         }
 
@@ -170,14 +176,14 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
             assert!(
                 !arg.is_required_set(),
                 "Argument {}: `required` conflicts with `required_if_eq_all`",
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
             assert!(
                 cmd.id_exists(&req.0),
-                "Command {}: Argument or group '{:?}' specified in 'required_if_eq_all' for '{}' does not exist",
+                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'required_if_eq_all' for '{}' does not exist",
                     cmd.get_name(),
                 req.0,
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
         }
 
@@ -185,14 +191,14 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
             assert!(
                 !arg.is_required_set(),
                 "Argument {}: `required` conflicts with `required_unless*`",
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
             assert!(
                 cmd.id_exists(req),
-                "Command {}: Argument or group '{:?}' specified in 'required_unless*' for '{}' does not exist",
+                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'required_unless*' for '{}' does not exist",
                     cmd.get_name(),
                 req,
-                arg.name,
+                arg.get_id(),
             );
         }
 
@@ -200,14 +206,14 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
             assert!(
                 !arg.is_required_set(),
                 "Argument {}: `required` conflicts with `required_unless*`",
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
             assert!(
                 cmd.id_exists(req),
-                "Command {}: Argument or group '{:?}' specified in 'required_unless*' for '{}' does not exist",
+                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'required_unless*' for '{}' does not exist",
                     cmd.get_name(),
                 req,
-                arg.name,
+                arg.get_id(),
             );
         }
 
@@ -215,10 +221,10 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
         for req in &arg.blacklist {
             assert!(
                 cmd.id_exists(req),
-                "Command {}: Argument or group '{:?}' specified in 'conflicts_with*' for '{}' does not exist",
+                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'conflicts_with*' for '{}' does not exist",
                     cmd.get_name(),
                 req,
-                arg.name,
+                arg.get_id(),
             );
         }
 
@@ -226,10 +232,10 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
         for req in &arg.overrides {
             assert!(
                 cmd.id_exists(req),
-                "Command {}: Argument or group '{:?}' specified in 'overrides_with*' for '{}' does not exist",
+                "Command {}: Argument or group '{}' specified in 'overrides_with*' for '{}' does not exist",
                     cmd.get_name(),
                 req,
-                arg.name,
+                arg.get_id(),
             );
         }
 
@@ -238,13 +244,13 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
                 arg.long.is_none(),
                 "Command {}: Flags or Options cannot have last(true) set. '{}' has both a long and last(true) set.",
                     cmd.get_name(),
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
             assert!(
                 arg.short.is_none(),
                 "Command {}: Flags or Options cannot have last(true) set. '{}' has both a short and last(true) set.",
                     cmd.get_name(),
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
         }
 
@@ -252,7 +258,7 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
             !(arg.is_required_set() && arg.is_global_set()),
             "Command {}: Global arguments cannot be required.\n\n\t'{}' is marked as both global and required",
                     cmd.get_name(),
-            arg.name
+            arg.get_id()
         );
 
         if arg.get_value_hint() == ValueHint::CommandWithArguments {
@@ -260,14 +266,14 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
                 arg.is_positional(),
                 "Command {}: Argument '{}' has hint CommandWithArguments and must be positional.",
                 cmd.get_name(),
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
 
             assert!(
                 cmd.is_trailing_var_arg_set(),
                 "Command {}: Positional argument '{}' has hint CommandWithArguments, so Command must have TrailingVarArg set.",
                     cmd.get_name(),
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
         }
     }
@@ -278,24 +284,24 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
             cmd.get_groups().filter(|x| x.id == group.id).count() < 2,
             "Command {}: Argument group name must be unique\n\n\t'{}' is already in use",
             cmd.get_name(),
-            group.name,
+            group.get_id(),
         );
 
         // Groups should not have naming conflicts with Args
         assert!(
-            !cmd.get_arguments().any(|x| x.id == group.id),
+            !cmd.get_arguments().any(|x| x.get_id() == group.get_id()),
             "Command {}: Argument group name '{}' must not conflict with argument name",
             cmd.get_name(),
-            group.name,
+            group.get_id(),
         );
 
         for arg in &group.args {
             // Args listed inside groups should exist
             assert!(
-                cmd.get_arguments().any(|x| x.id == *arg),
-                "Command {}: Argument group '{}' contains non-existent argument '{:?}'",
+                cmd.get_arguments().any(|x| x.get_id() == arg),
+                "Command {}: Argument group '{}' contains non-existent argument '{}'",
                 cmd.get_name(),
-                group.name,
+                group.get_id(),
                 arg
             );
         }
@@ -350,12 +356,10 @@ pub(crate) fn assert_app(cmd: &Command) {
 }
 
 fn duplicate_tip(cmd: &Command<'_>, first: &Arg<'_>, second: &Arg<'_>) -> &'static str {
-    if !cmd.is_disable_help_flag_set()
-        && (first.id == Id::help_hash() || second.id == Id::help_hash())
-    {
+    if !cmd.is_disable_help_flag_set() && (first.id == Id::HELP || second.id == Id::HELP) {
         " (call `cmd.disable_help_flag(true)` to remove the auto-generated `--help`)"
     } else if !cmd.is_disable_version_flag_set()
-        && (first.id == Id::version_hash() || second.id == Id::version_hash())
+        && (first.id == Id::VERSION || second.id == Id::VERSION)
     {
         " (call `cmd.disable_version_flag(true)` to remove the auto-generated `--version`)"
     } else {
@@ -580,7 +584,7 @@ fn _verify_positionals(cmd: &Command) -> bool {
                     "Found non-required positional argument with a lower \
                          index than a required positional argument by two or more: {:?} \
                          index {:?}",
-                    p.name,
+                    p.get_id(),
                     p.index
                 );
             } else if p.is_required_set() && !p.is_last_set() {
@@ -609,7 +613,7 @@ fn _verify_positionals(cmd: &Command) -> bool {
                     p.is_required_set(),
                     "Found non-required positional argument with a lower \
                          index than a required positional argument: {:?} index {:?}",
-                    p.name,
+                    p.get_id(),
                     p.index
                 );
             } else if p.is_required_set() && !p.is_last_set() {
@@ -644,26 +648,26 @@ fn _verify_positionals(cmd: &Command) -> bool {
 }
 
 fn assert_arg(arg: &Arg) {
-    debug!("Arg::_debug_asserts:{}", arg.name);
+    debug!("Arg::_debug_asserts:{}", arg.get_id());
 
     // Self conflict
     // TODO: this check should be recursive
     assert!(
         !arg.blacklist.iter().any(|x| *x == arg.id),
         "Argument '{}' cannot conflict with itself",
-        arg.name,
+        arg.get_id(),
     );
     assert!(
         !arg.overrides.iter().any(|x| *x == arg.id),
         "Argument '{}' cannot override itself, its the default",
-        arg.name,
+        arg.get_id(),
     );
 
     assert_eq!(
         arg.get_action().takes_values(),
         arg.is_takes_value_set(),
         "Argument `{}`'s selected action {:?} contradicts `takes_value`",
-        arg.name,
+        arg.get_id(),
         arg.get_action()
     );
     if let Some(action_type_id) = arg.get_action().value_type_id() {
@@ -671,7 +675,7 @@ fn assert_arg(arg: &Arg) {
             action_type_id,
             arg.get_value_parser().type_id(),
             "Argument `{}`'s selected action {:?} contradicts `value_parser` ({:?})",
-            arg.name,
+            arg.get_id(),
             arg.get_action(),
             arg.get_value_parser()
         );
@@ -681,14 +685,14 @@ fn assert_arg(arg: &Arg) {
         assert!(
             arg.is_takes_value_set(),
             "Argument '{}' has value hint but takes no value",
-            arg.name
+            arg.get_id()
         );
 
         if arg.get_value_hint() == ValueHint::CommandWithArguments {
             assert!(
                 arg.is_multiple_values_set(),
                 "Argument '{}' uses hint CommandWithArguments and must accept multiple values",
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             )
         }
     }
@@ -697,15 +701,15 @@ fn assert_arg(arg: &Arg) {
         assert!(
             arg.is_positional(),
             "Argument '{}' is a positional argument and can't have short or long name versions",
-            arg.name
+            arg.get_id()
         );
         assert!(
             arg.is_takes_value_set(),
             "Argument '{}` is positional, it must take a value{}",
-            arg.name,
-            if arg.id == Id::help_hash() {
+            arg.get_id(),
+            if arg.id == Id::HELP {
                 " (`mut_arg` no longer works with implicit `--help`)"
-            } else if arg.id == Id::help_hash() || arg.id == Id::version_hash() {
+            } else if arg.id == Id::VERSION {
                 " (`mut_arg` no longer works with implicit `--version`)"
             } else {
                 ""
@@ -721,7 +725,9 @@ fn assert_arg(arg: &Arg) {
         if num_vals.max_values() < num_val_names {
             panic!(
                 "Argument {}: Too many value names ({}) compared to `num_args` ({})",
-                arg.name, num_val_names, num_vals
+                arg.get_id(),
+                num_val_names,
+                num_vals
             );
         }
     }
@@ -730,14 +736,14 @@ fn assert_arg(arg: &Arg) {
         num_vals.takes_values(),
         arg.is_takes_value_set(),
         "Argument {}: mismatch between `num_args` ({}) and `takes_value`",
-        arg.name,
+        arg.get_id(),
         num_vals,
     );
     assert_eq!(
         num_vals.is_multiple(),
         arg.is_multiple_values_set(),
         "Argument {}: mismatch between `num_args` ({}) and `multiple_values`",
-        arg.name,
+        arg.get_id(),
         num_vals,
     );
 
@@ -745,7 +751,7 @@ fn assert_arg(arg: &Arg) {
         assert!(
             !arg.is_require_equals_set(),
             "Argument {}: cannot accept more than 1 arg (num_args={}) with require_equals",
-            arg.name,
+            arg.get_id(),
             num_vals
         );
     }
@@ -754,7 +760,7 @@ fn assert_arg(arg: &Arg) {
         assert!(
             !arg.is_multiple_values_set(),
             "Argument {}: mismatch between `num_args` and `multiple_values`",
-            arg.name
+            arg.get_id()
         );
     }
 
@@ -819,7 +825,7 @@ fn assert_defaults<'d>(
                 {
                     panic!(
                         "Argument `{}`'s {}={:?} failed validation: {}",
-                        arg.name,
+                        arg.get_id(),
                         field,
                         part.to_str_lossy(),
                         err
@@ -829,7 +835,10 @@ fn assert_defaults<'d>(
         } else if let Err(err) = value_parser.parse_ref(&assert_cmd, Some(arg), default_os) {
             panic!(
                 "Argument `{}`'s {}={:?} failed validation: {}",
-                arg.name, field, default_os, err
+                arg.get_id(),
+                field,
+                default_os,
+                err
             );
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index 34c461a90ad..0059ca39338 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ pub use crate::util::color::ColorChoice;
 #[cfg(not(feature = "color"))]
 #[allow(unused_imports)]
 pub(crate) use crate::util::color::ColorChoice;
+pub use crate::util::Id;
 
 pub use crate::derive::{Args, CommandFactory, FromArgMatches, Parser, Subcommand, ValueEnum};
 
diff --git a/src/macros.rs b/src/macros.rs
index 504b30650d9..b11bfcacf49 100644
--- a/src/macros.rs
+++ b/src/macros.rs
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ macro_rules! arg_impl {
 
                 let mut arg = $arg;
                 let long = $crate::arg_impl! { @string $long };
-                if arg.get_id().is_empty() {
+                if arg.get_id() == "" {
                     arg = arg.id(long);
                 }
                 let action = $crate::ArgAction::SetTrue;
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ macro_rules! arg_impl {
 
                 let mut arg = $arg;
                 let long = $crate::arg_impl! { @string $long };
-                if arg.get_id().is_empty() {
+                if arg.get_id() == "" {
                     arg = arg.id(long);
                 }
                 let action = $crate::ArgAction::SetTrue;
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ macro_rules! arg_impl {
                 arg = arg.required(true);
 
                 let value_name = $crate::arg_impl! { @string $value_name };
-                if arg.get_id().is_empty() {
+                if arg.get_id() == "" {
                     arg = arg.id(value_name);
                 }
                 arg
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ macro_rules! arg_impl {
                 arg = arg.required(true);
 
                 let value_name = $crate::arg_impl! { @string $value_name };
-                if arg.get_id().is_empty() {
+                if arg.get_id() == "" {
                     arg = arg.id(value_name);
                 }
                 arg
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ macro_rules! arg_impl {
                 }
 
                 let value_name = $crate::arg_impl! { @string $value_name };
-                if arg.get_id().is_empty() {
+                if arg.get_id() == "" {
                     arg = arg.id(value_name);
                 }
                 arg
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ macro_rules! arg_impl {
                 }
 
                 let value_name = $crate::arg_impl! { @string $value_name };
-                if arg.get_id().is_empty() {
+                if arg.get_id() == "" {
                     arg = arg.id(value_name);
                 }
                 arg
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ macro_rules! arg {
         let arg = $crate::arg_impl! {
             @arg ($crate::Arg::default()) $($tail)+
         };
-        debug_assert!(!arg.get_id().is_empty(), "Without a value or long flag, the `name:` prefix is required");
+        debug_assert_ne!(arg.get_id(), "", "Without a value or long flag, the `name:` prefix is required");
         arg
     }};
 }
diff --git a/src/mkeymap.rs b/src/mkeymap.rs
index 56f22b6977f..28eb268bc61 100644
--- a/src/mkeymap.rs
+++ b/src/mkeymap.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ use std::iter::Iterator;
 use std::ops::Index;
 use std::{ffi::OsStr, ffi::OsString};
 
-use crate::util::Id;
 use crate::Arg;
 use crate::INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG;
 
@@ -144,10 +143,10 @@ impl<'help> MKeyMap<'help> {
 
     /// Remove an arg in the graph by Id, usually used by `mut_arg`. Return
     /// `Some(arg)` if removed.
-    pub(crate) fn remove_by_name(&mut self, name: &Id) -> Option<Arg<'help>> {
+    pub(crate) fn remove_by_name(&mut self, name: &str) -> Option<Arg<'help>> {
         self.args
             .iter()
-            .position(|arg| &arg.id == name)
+            .position(|arg| arg.id == name)
             // since it's a cold function, using this wouldn't hurt much
             .map(|i| self.args.remove(i))
     }
diff --git a/src/output/help.rs b/src/output/help.rs
index 6715d07539d..26620a05e86 100644
--- a/src/output/help.rs
+++ b/src/output/help.rs
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd, 'writer> Help<'help, 'cmd, 'writer> {
                 x.to_string()
             } else {
                 let mut s = '{'.to_string();
-                s.push_str(arg.name);
+                s.push_str(arg.id.as_str());
                 s
             };
             ord_v.push((arg.get_display_order(), key, arg));
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd, 'writer> Help<'help, 'cmd, 'writer> {
 
     /// Writes argument's possible values to the wrapped stream.
     fn val(&mut self, arg: &Arg<'help>) -> io::Result<()> {
-        debug!("Help::val: arg={}", arg.name);
+        debug!("Help::val: arg={}", arg.get_id());
         let mut need_closing_bracket = false;
         if arg.is_takes_value_set() && !arg.is_positional() {
             let is_optional_val = arg.get_min_vals() == 0;
@@ -335,7 +335,9 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd, 'writer> Help<'help, 'cmd, 'writer> {
     ) -> io::Result<()> {
         debug!(
             "Help::align_to_about: arg={}, next_line_help={}, longest={}",
-            arg.name, next_line_help, longest
+            arg.get_id(),
+            next_line_help,
+            longest
         );
         if self.use_long || next_line_help {
             // long help prints messages on the next line so it doesn't need to align text
@@ -1101,7 +1103,11 @@ pub(crate) enum HelpWriter<'writer> {
 }
 
 fn should_show_arg(use_long: bool, arg: &Arg) -> bool {
-    debug!("should_show_arg: use_long={:?}, arg={}", use_long, arg.name);
+    debug!(
+        "should_show_arg: use_long={:?}, arg={}",
+        use_long,
+        arg.get_id()
+    );
     if arg.is_hide_set() {
         return false;
     }
diff --git a/src/output/usage.rs b/src/output/usage.rs
index 718af533f1a..0235eff5ef3 100644
--- a/src/output/usage.rs
+++ b/src/output/usage.rs
@@ -100,7 +100,10 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Usage<'help, 'cmd> {
                     .get_positionals()
                     .find(|p| p.is_last_set())
                     .expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG);
-                debug!("Usage::create_help_usage: '{}' has .last(true)", pos.name);
+                debug!(
+                    "Usage::create_help_usage: '{}' has .last(true)",
+                    pos.get_id()
+                );
                 let req = pos.is_required_set();
                 if req && self.cmd.get_positionals().any(|p| !p.is_required_set()) {
                     usage.push_str(" -- <");
@@ -192,9 +195,13 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Usage<'help, 'cmd> {
             .filter(|pos| !pos.is_hide_set())
             .filter(|pos| !pos.is_last_set())
         {
-            debug!("Usage::get_args_tag:iter:{}", pos.name);
+            debug!("Usage::get_args_tag:iter:{}", pos.get_id());
             let required = self.cmd.groups_for_arg(&pos.id).any(|grp_s| {
-                debug!("Usage::get_args_tag:iter:{:?}:iter:{:?}", pos.name, grp_s);
+                debug!(
+                    "Usage::get_args_tag:iter:{:?}:iter:{:?}",
+                    pos.get_id(),
+                    grp_s
+                );
                 // if it's part of a required group we don't want to count it
                 self.cmd.get_groups().any(|g| g.required && (g.id == grp_s))
             });
@@ -221,7 +228,11 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Usage<'help, 'cmd> {
                         && !pos.is_hide_set()
                         && !pos.is_last_set()
                         && !self.cmd.groups_for_arg(&pos.id).any(|grp_s| {
-                            debug!("Usage::get_args_tag:iter:{:?}:iter:{:?}", pos.name, grp_s);
+                            debug!(
+                                "Usage::get_args_tag:iter:{:?}:iter:{:?}",
+                                pos.get_id(),
+                                grp_s
+                            );
                             // if it's part of a required group we don't want to count it
                             self.cmd.get_groups().any(|g| g.required && (g.id == grp_s))
                         })
@@ -230,7 +241,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Usage<'help, 'cmd> {
 
             debug!(
                 "Usage::get_args_tag:iter: Exactly one, returning '{}'",
-                pos.name
+                pos.get_id()
             );
 
             Some(format!(
@@ -287,7 +298,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Usage<'help, 'cmd> {
     fn needs_options_tag(&self) -> bool {
         debug!("Usage::needs_options_tag");
         'outer: for f in self.cmd.get_non_positionals() {
-            debug!("Usage::needs_options_tag:iter: f={}", f.name);
+            debug!("Usage::needs_options_tag:iter: f={}", f.get_id());
 
             // Don't print `[OPTIONS]` just for help or version
             if f.long == Some("help") || f.long == Some("version") {
diff --git a/src/parser/arg_matcher.rs b/src/parser/arg_matcher.rs
index 4fb763fe476..6b68e6411b5 100644
--- a/src/parser/arg_matcher.rs
+++ b/src/parser/arg_matcher.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,10 @@ impl ArgMatcher {
                     args.chain(groups).collect()
                 },
                 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-                valid_subcommands: _cmd.get_subcommands().map(|sc| sc.get_id()).collect(),
+                valid_subcommands: _cmd
+                    .get_subcommands()
+                    .map(|sc| sc.get_name().to_owned())
+                    .collect(),
                 ..Default::default()
             },
             pending: None,
@@ -110,8 +113,8 @@ impl ArgMatcher {
         self.matches.args.keys()
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn entry(&mut self, arg: &Id) -> crate::util::Entry<Id, MatchedArg> {
-        self.matches.args.entry(arg.clone())
+    pub(crate) fn entry(&mut self, arg: Id) -> crate::util::Entry<Id, MatchedArg> {
+        self.matches.args.entry(arg)
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn subcommand(&mut self, sc: SubCommand) {
@@ -127,7 +130,7 @@ impl ArgMatcher {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn start_custom_arg(&mut self, arg: &Arg, source: ValueSource) {
-        let id = &arg.id;
+        let id = arg.id.clone();
         debug!(
             "ArgMatcher::start_custom_arg: id={:?}, source={:?}",
             id, source
@@ -138,7 +141,7 @@ impl ArgMatcher {
         ma.new_val_group();
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn start_custom_group(&mut self, id: &Id, source: ValueSource) {
+    pub(crate) fn start_custom_group(&mut self, id: Id, source: ValueSource) {
         debug!(
             "ArgMatcher::start_custom_arg: id={:?}, source={:?}",
             id, source
@@ -150,7 +153,7 @@ impl ArgMatcher {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn start_occurrence_of_arg(&mut self, arg: &Arg) {
-        let id = &arg.id;
+        let id = arg.id.clone();
         debug!("ArgMatcher::start_occurrence_of_arg: id={:?}", id);
         let ma = self.entry(id).or_insert(MatchedArg::new_arg(arg));
         debug_assert_eq!(ma.type_id(), Some(arg.get_value_parser().type_id()));
@@ -158,7 +161,7 @@ impl ArgMatcher {
         ma.new_val_group();
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn start_occurrence_of_group(&mut self, id: &Id) {
+    pub(crate) fn start_occurrence_of_group(&mut self, id: Id) {
         debug!("ArgMatcher::start_occurrence_of_group: id={:?}", id);
         let ma = self.entry(id).or_insert(MatchedArg::new_group());
         debug_assert_eq!(ma.type_id(), None);
@@ -167,7 +170,7 @@ impl ArgMatcher {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn start_occurrence_of_external(&mut self, cmd: &crate::Command) {
-        let id = &Id::empty_hash();
+        let id = Id::EXTERNAL;
         debug!("ArgMatcher::start_occurrence_of_external: id={:?}", id,);
         let ma = self.entry(id).or_insert(MatchedArg::new_external(cmd));
         debug_assert_eq!(
@@ -200,7 +203,8 @@ impl ArgMatcher {
             .unwrap_or(0);
         debug!(
             "ArgMatcher::needs_more_vals: o={}, pending={}",
-            o.name, num_pending
+            o.get_id(),
+            num_pending
         );
         let expected = o.get_num_args().expect(INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG);
         debug!(
diff --git a/src/parser/error.rs b/src/parser/error.rs
index caeba4b8fee..fb143f88df6 100644
--- a/src/parser/error.rs
+++ b/src/parser/error.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-use crate::util::Id;
-
 /// Violation of [`ArgMatches`][crate::ArgMatches] assumptions
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 #[allow(missing_copy_implementations)] // We might add non-Copy types in the future
@@ -22,7 +20,7 @@ pub enum MatchesError {
 
 impl MatchesError {
     #[track_caller]
-    pub(crate) fn unwrap<T>(id: &Id, r: Result<T, MatchesError>) -> T {
+    pub(crate) fn unwrap<T>(id: &str, r: Result<T, MatchesError>) -> T {
         let err = match r {
             Ok(t) => {
                 return t;
@@ -30,7 +28,7 @@ impl MatchesError {
             Err(err) => err,
         };
         panic!(
-            "Mismatch between definition and access of `{:?}`. {}",
+            "Mismatch between definition and access of `{}`. {}",
             id, err
         )
     }
diff --git a/src/parser/matches/arg_matches.rs b/src/parser/matches/arg_matches.rs
index 1f991c659a6..7b77a54500e 100644
--- a/src/parser/matches/arg_matches.rs
+++ b/src/parser/matches/arg_matches.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use crate::parser::MatchedArg;
 use crate::parser::MatchesError;
 use crate::parser::ValueSource;
 use crate::util::FlatMap;
-use crate::util::{Id, Key};
+use crate::util::Id;
 use crate::INTERNAL_ERROR_MSG;
 
 /// Container for parse results.
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub struct ArgMatches {
     #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
     pub(crate) valid_args: Vec<Id>,
     #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-    pub(crate) valid_subcommands: Vec<Id>,
+    pub(crate) valid_subcommands: Vec<String>,
     pub(crate) args: FlatMap<Id, MatchedArg>,
     pub(crate) subcommand: Option<Box<SubCommand>>,
 }
@@ -108,8 +108,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     /// [`default_value`]: crate::Arg::default_value()
     #[track_caller]
     pub fn get_one<T: Any + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static>(&self, id: &str) -> Option<&T> {
-        let internal_id = Id::from(id);
-        MatchesError::unwrap(&internal_id, self.try_get_one(id))
+        MatchesError::unwrap(id, self.try_get_one(id))
     }
 
     /// Iterate over values of a specific option or positional argument.
@@ -149,8 +148,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
         &self,
         id: &str,
     ) -> Option<ValuesRef<T>> {
-        let internal_id = Id::from(id);
-        MatchesError::unwrap(&internal_id, self.try_get_many(id))
+        MatchesError::unwrap(id, self.try_get_many(id))
     }
 
     /// Iterate over the original argument values.
@@ -196,8 +194,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     /// [`String`]: std::string::String
     #[track_caller]
     pub fn get_raw(&self, id: &str) -> Option<RawValues<'_>> {
-        let internal_id = Id::from(id);
-        MatchesError::unwrap(&internal_id, self.try_get_raw(id))
+        MatchesError::unwrap(id, self.try_get_raw(id))
     }
 
     /// Returns the value of a specific option or positional argument.
@@ -235,8 +232,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     /// [`default_value`]: crate::Arg::default_value()
     #[track_caller]
     pub fn remove_one<T: Any + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static>(&mut self, id: &str) -> Option<T> {
-        let internal_id = Id::from(id);
-        MatchesError::unwrap(&internal_id, self.try_remove_one(id))
+        MatchesError::unwrap(id, self.try_remove_one(id))
     }
 
     /// Return values of a specific option or positional argument.
@@ -274,8 +270,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
         &mut self,
         id: &str,
     ) -> Option<Values2<T>> {
-        let internal_id = Id::from(id);
-        MatchesError::unwrap(&internal_id, self.try_remove_many(id))
+        MatchesError::unwrap(id, self.try_remove_many(id))
     }
 
     /// Check if values are present for the argument or group id
@@ -305,8 +300,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     ///
     /// [`default_value`]: crate::Arg::default_value()
     pub fn contains_id(&self, id: &str) -> bool {
-        let internal_id = Id::from(id);
-        MatchesError::unwrap(&internal_id, self.try_contains_id(id))
+        MatchesError::unwrap(id, self.try_contains_id(id))
     }
 
     /// Check if any args were present on the command line
@@ -367,9 +361,8 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     /// [`Iterator`]: std::iter::Iterator
     #[cfg(feature = "unstable-grouped")]
     #[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, track_caller)]
-    pub fn grouped_values_of<T: Key>(&self, id: T) -> Option<GroupedValues> {
-        let id = Id::from(id);
-        let arg = self.get_arg(&id)?;
+    pub fn grouped_values_of(&self, id: &str) -> Option<GroupedValues> {
+        let arg = self.get_arg(id)?;
         let v = GroupedValues {
             iter: arg.vals().map(|g| g.iter().map(unwrap_string).collect()),
             len: arg.vals().len(),
@@ -401,10 +394,8 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     ///
     /// [`default_value`]: crate::Arg::default_value()
     #[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, track_caller)]
-    pub fn value_source<T: Key>(&self, id: T) -> Option<ValueSource> {
-        let id = Id::from(id);
-
-        let value = self.get_arg(&id);
+    pub fn value_source(&self, id: &str) -> Option<ValueSource> {
+        let value = self.get_arg(id);
 
         value.and_then(MatchedArg::source)
     }
@@ -552,8 +543,8 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     /// ```
     /// [delimiter]: crate::Arg::value_delimiter()
     #[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, track_caller)]
-    pub fn index_of<T: Key>(&self, id: T) -> Option<usize> {
-        let arg = self.get_arg(&Id::from(id))?;
+    pub fn index_of(&self, id: &str) -> Option<usize> {
+        let arg = self.get_arg(id)?;
         let i = arg.get_index(0)?;
         Some(i)
     }
@@ -634,8 +625,8 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     /// [`ArgMatches::index_of`]: ArgMatches::index_of()
     /// [delimiter]: Arg::value_delimiter()
     #[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, track_caller)]
-    pub fn indices_of<T: Key>(&self, id: T) -> Option<Indices<'_>> {
-        let arg = self.get_arg(&Id::from(id))?;
+    pub fn indices_of(&self, id: &str) -> Option<Indices<'_>> {
+        let arg = self.get_arg(id)?;
         let i = Indices {
             iter: arg.indices(),
             len: arg.num_vals(),
@@ -800,8 +791,8 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     ///
     /// [subcommand]: crate::Command::subcommand
     /// [`Command`]: crate::Command
-    pub fn subcommand_matches<T: Key>(&self, id: T) -> Option<&ArgMatches> {
-        self.get_subcommand(&id.into()).map(|sc| &sc.matches)
+    pub fn subcommand_matches(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&ArgMatches> {
+        self.get_subcommand(name).map(|sc| &sc.matches)
     }
 
     /// The name of the current [subcommand].
@@ -839,11 +830,11 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     /// before they do a query on `ArgMatches`.
     #[inline]
     #[doc(hidden)]
-    pub fn is_valid_subcommand(&self, _id: impl Key) -> bool {
+    pub fn is_valid_subcommand(&self, _name: &str) -> bool {
         #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
         {
-            let id = Id::from(_id);
-            id == Id::empty_hash() || self.valid_subcommands.contains(&id)
+            let _name = _name.to_owned();
+            _name == String::default() || self.valid_subcommands.contains(&_name)
         }
         #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
         {
@@ -859,8 +850,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
         &self,
         id: &str,
     ) -> Result<Option<&T>, MatchesError> {
-        let id = Id::from(id);
-        let arg = self.try_get_arg_t::<T>(&id)?;
+        let arg = self.try_get_arg_t::<T>(id)?;
         let value = match arg.and_then(|a| a.first()) {
             Some(value) => value,
             None => {
@@ -878,8 +868,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
         &self,
         id: &str,
     ) -> Result<Option<ValuesRef<T>>, MatchesError> {
-        let id = Id::from(id);
-        let arg = match self.try_get_arg_t::<T>(&id)? {
+        let arg = match self.try_get_arg_t::<T>(id)? {
             Some(arg) => arg,
             None => return Ok(None),
         };
@@ -895,8 +884,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
 
     /// Non-panicking version of [`ArgMatches::get_raw`]
     pub fn try_get_raw(&self, id: &str) -> Result<Option<RawValues<'_>>, MatchesError> {
-        let id = Id::from(id);
-        let arg = match self.try_get_arg(&id)? {
+        let arg = match self.try_get_arg(id)? {
             Some(arg) => arg,
             None => return Ok(None),
         };
@@ -914,8 +902,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
         &mut self,
         id: &str,
     ) -> Result<Option<T>, MatchesError> {
-        let id = Id::from(id);
-        match self.try_remove_arg_t::<T>(&id)? {
+        match self.try_remove_arg_t::<T>(id)? {
             Some(values) => Ok(values
                 .into_vals_flatten()
                 // enforced by `try_get_arg_t`
@@ -930,8 +917,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
         &mut self,
         id: &str,
     ) -> Result<Option<Values2<T>>, MatchesError> {
-        let id = Id::from(id);
-        let arg = match self.try_remove_arg_t::<T>(&id)? {
+        let arg = match self.try_remove_arg_t::<T>(id)? {
             Some(arg) => arg,
             None => return Ok(None),
         };
@@ -947,11 +933,9 @@ impl ArgMatches {
 
     /// Non-panicking version of [`ArgMatches::contains_id`]
     pub fn try_contains_id(&self, id: &str) -> Result<bool, MatchesError> {
-        let id = Id::from(id);
-
-        self.verify_arg(&id)?;
+        self.verify_arg(id)?;
 
-        let presence = self.args.contains_key(&id);
+        let presence = self.args.contains_key(id);
         Ok(presence)
     }
 }
@@ -959,7 +943,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
 // Private methods
 impl ArgMatches {
     #[inline]
-    fn try_get_arg(&self, arg: &Id) -> Result<Option<&MatchedArg>, MatchesError> {
+    fn try_get_arg(&self, arg: &str) -> Result<Option<&MatchedArg>, MatchesError> {
         self.verify_arg(arg)?;
         Ok(self.args.get(arg))
     }
@@ -967,7 +951,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     #[inline]
     fn try_get_arg_t<T: Any + Send + Sync + 'static>(
         &self,
-        arg: &Id,
+        arg: &str,
     ) -> Result<Option<&MatchedArg>, MatchesError> {
         let arg = match self.try_get_arg(arg)? {
             Some(arg) => arg,
@@ -982,7 +966,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     #[inline]
     fn try_remove_arg_t<T: Any + Send + Sync + 'static>(
         &mut self,
-        arg: &Id,
+        arg: &str,
     ) -> Result<Option<MatchedArg>, MatchesError> {
         self.verify_arg(arg)?;
         let matched = match self.args.remove(arg) {
@@ -997,7 +981,7 @@ impl ArgMatches {
         if actual == expected {
             Ok(Some(matched))
         } else {
-            self.args.insert(arg.clone(), matched);
+            self.args.insert(Id::from(arg.to_owned()), matched);
             Err(MatchesError::Downcast { actual, expected })
         }
     }
@@ -1016,16 +1000,11 @@ impl ArgMatches {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    fn verify_arg(&self, _arg: &Id) -> Result<(), MatchesError> {
+    fn verify_arg(&self, _arg: &str) -> Result<(), MatchesError> {
         #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
         {
-            if *_arg == Id::empty_hash() || self.valid_args.contains(_arg) {
-            } else if self.valid_subcommands.contains(_arg) {
-                debug!(
-                    "Subcommand `{:?}` used where an argument or group name was expected.",
-                    _arg
-                );
-                return Err(MatchesError::UnknownArgument {});
+            let _arg = Id::from(_arg.to_owned());
+            if _arg == Id::EXTERNAL || self.valid_args.contains(&_arg) {
             } else {
                 debug!(
                     "`{:?}` is not an id of an argument or a group.\n\
@@ -1041,15 +1020,11 @@ impl ArgMatches {
 
     #[inline]
     #[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, track_caller)]
-    fn get_arg(&self, arg: &Id) -> Option<&MatchedArg> {
+    fn get_arg<'s>(&'s self, arg: &str) -> Option<&'s MatchedArg> {
         #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
         {
-            if *arg == Id::empty_hash() || self.valid_args.contains(arg) {
-            } else if self.valid_subcommands.contains(arg) {
-                panic!(
-                    "Subcommand `{:?}` used where an argument or group name was expected.",
-                    arg
-                );
+            let arg = Id::from(arg.to_owned());
+            if arg == Id::EXTERNAL || self.valid_args.contains(&arg) {
             } else {
                 panic!(
                     "`{:?}` is not an id of an argument or a group.\n\
@@ -1065,22 +1040,18 @@ impl ArgMatches {
 
     #[inline]
     #[cfg_attr(debug_assertions, track_caller)]
-    fn get_subcommand(&self, id: &Id) -> Option<&SubCommand> {
+    fn get_subcommand(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&SubCommand> {
         #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
         {
-            if *id == Id::empty_hash() || self.valid_subcommands.contains(id) {
-            } else if self.valid_args.contains(id) {
-                panic!(
-                    "Argument or group `{:?}` used where a subcommand name was expected.",
-                    id
-                );
+            let name = name.to_owned();
+            if name == String::default() || self.valid_subcommands.contains(&name) {
             } else {
-                panic!("`{:?}` is not a name of a subcommand.", id);
+                panic!("`{}` is not a name of a subcommand.", name);
             }
         }
 
         if let Some(ref sc) = self.subcommand {
-            if sc.id == *id {
+            if sc.name == name {
                 return Some(sc);
             }
         }
@@ -1091,7 +1062,6 @@ impl ArgMatches {
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub(crate) struct SubCommand {
-    pub(crate) id: Id,
     pub(crate) name: String,
     pub(crate) matches: ArgMatches,
 }
diff --git a/src/parser/parser.rs b/src/parser/parser.rs
index b421dcebddf..d2355210be5 100644
--- a/src/parser/parser.rs
+++ b/src/parser/parser.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use crate::mkeymap::KeyType;
 use crate::output::fmt::Stream;
 use crate::output::{fmt::Colorizer, Usage};
 use crate::parser::features::suggestions;
+use crate::parser::AnyValue;
 use crate::parser::{ArgMatcher, SubCommand};
 use crate::parser::{Validator, ValueSource};
 use crate::util::Id;
@@ -433,12 +434,11 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
 
                 for raw_val in raw_args.remaining(&mut args_cursor) {
                     let val = external_parser.parse_ref(self.cmd, None, raw_val)?;
-                    let external_id = &Id::empty_hash();
-                    sc_m.add_val_to(external_id, val, raw_val.to_os_string());
+                    let external_id = Id::EXTERNAL;
+                    sc_m.add_val_to(&external_id, val, raw_val.to_os_string());
                 }
 
                 matcher.subcommand(SubCommand {
-                    id: Id::from(&*sc_name),
                     name: sc_name,
                     matches: sc_m.into_inner(),
                 });
@@ -629,9 +629,9 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
         #![allow(clippy::needless_bool)] // Prefer consistent if/else-if ladder
 
         debug!(
-            "Parser::is_new_arg: {:?}:{:?}",
+            "Parser::is_new_arg: {:?}:{}",
             next.to_value_os(),
-            current_positional.name
+            current_positional.get_id()
         );
 
         if self.cmd.is_allow_hyphen_values_set()
@@ -698,7 +698,6 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
                 }
             }
             matcher.subcommand(SubCommand {
-                id: sc.get_id(),
                 name: sc.get_name().to_owned(),
                 matches: sc_matcher.into_inner(),
             });
@@ -971,7 +970,9 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
     ) -> ClapResult<ParseResult> {
         debug!(
             "Parser::parse_opt_value; arg={}, val={:?}, has_eq={:?}",
-            arg.name, attached_value, has_eq
+            arg.get_id(),
+            attached_value,
+            has_eq
         );
         debug!("Parser::parse_opt_value; arg.settings={:?}", arg.settings);
 
@@ -1052,15 +1053,19 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
             let value_parser = arg.get_value_parser();
             let val = value_parser.parse_ref(self.cmd, Some(arg), &raw_val)?;
 
-            // Increment or create the group "args"
-            for group in self.cmd.groups_for_arg(&arg.id) {
-                matcher.add_val_to(&group, val.clone(), raw_val.clone());
-            }
-
             matcher.add_val_to(&arg.id, val, raw_val);
             matcher.add_index_to(&arg.id, self.cur_idx.get());
         }
 
+        // Increment or create the group "args"
+        for group in self.cmd.groups_for_arg(&arg.id) {
+            matcher.add_val_to(
+                &group,
+                AnyValue::new(arg.get_id().clone()),
+                OsString::from(arg.get_id().as_str()),
+            );
+        }
+
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -1208,7 +1213,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
             ArgAction::Count => {
                 let raw_vals = if raw_vals.is_empty() {
                     let existing_value = *matcher
-                        .get_one::<crate::builder::CountType>(arg.get_id())
+                        .get_one::<crate::builder::CountType>(arg.get_id().as_str())
                         .unwrap_or(&0);
                     let next_value = existing_value.saturating_add(1);
                     vec![OsString::from(next_value.to_string())]
@@ -1359,7 +1364,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
         debug!("Parser::add_defaults");
 
         for arg in self.cmd.get_arguments() {
-            debug!("Parser::add_defaults:iter:{}:", arg.name);
+            debug!("Parser::add_defaults:iter:{}:", arg.get_id());
             self.add_default_value(arg, matcher)?;
         }
 
@@ -1406,13 +1411,16 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
         if !arg.default_vals.is_empty() {
             debug!(
                 "Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: has default vals",
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
             if matcher.contains(&arg.id) {
-                debug!("Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: was used", arg.name);
+                debug!("Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: was used", arg.get_id());
             // do nothing
             } else {
-                debug!("Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: wasn't used", arg.name);
+                debug!(
+                    "Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: wasn't used",
+                    arg.get_id()
+                );
                 let arg_values: Vec<_> = arg
                     .default_vals
                     .iter()
@@ -1432,7 +1440,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
         } else {
             debug!(
                 "Parser::add_default_value:iter:{}: doesn't have default vals",
-                arg.name
+                arg.get_id()
             );
 
             // do nothing
@@ -1448,7 +1456,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
         }
         matcher.start_custom_arg(arg, source);
         for group in self.cmd.groups_for_arg(&arg.id) {
-            matcher.start_custom_group(&group, source);
+            matcher.start_custom_group(group, source);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1460,7 +1468,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Parser<'help, 'cmd> {
         matcher.start_occurrence_of_arg(arg);
         // Increment or create the group "args"
         for group in self.cmd.groups_for_arg(&arg.id) {
-            matcher.start_occurrence_of_group(&group);
+            matcher.start_occurrence_of_group(group);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/parser/validator.rs b/src/parser/validator.rs
index 545a61758f1..3936a5be083 100644
--- a/src/parser/validator.rs
+++ b/src/parser/validator.rs
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Validator<'help, 'cmd> {
         matcher: &ArgMatcher,
         conflicts: &mut Conflicts,
     ) -> bool {
-        debug!("Validator::is_missing_required_ok: {}", a.name);
+        debug!("Validator::is_missing_required_ok: {}", a.get_id());
         let conflicts = conflicts.gather_conflicts(self.cmd, matcher, &a.id);
         !conflicts.is_empty()
     }
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ impl<'help, 'cmd> Validator<'help, 'cmd> {
 
     // Failing a required unless means, the arg's "unless" wasn't present, and neither were they
     fn fails_arg_required_unless(&self, a: &Arg<'help>, matcher: &ArgMatcher) -> bool {
-        debug!("Validator::fails_arg_required_unless: a={:?}", a.name);
+        debug!("Validator::fails_arg_required_unless: a={:?}", a.get_id());
         let exists = |id| matcher.check_explicit(id, ArgPredicate::IsPresent);
 
         (a.r_unless_all.is_empty() || !a.r_unless_all.iter().all(exists))
diff --git a/src/util/fnv.rs b/src/util/fnv.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 4602300a498..00000000000
--- a/src/util/fnv.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-use std::{
-    fmt::Display,
-    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
-};
-
-const MAGIC_INIT: u64 = 0x811C_9DC5;
-
-// TODO: Docs
-pub trait Key: Hash + Display {
-    fn key(&self) -> u64;
-}
-
-impl<T> Key for T
-where
-    T: Hash + Display,
-{
-    fn key(&self) -> u64 {
-        let mut hasher = FnvHasher::new();
-        self.hash(&mut hasher);
-        hasher.finish()
-    }
-}
-
-pub(crate) struct FnvHasher(u64);
-
-impl FnvHasher {
-    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
-        FnvHasher(MAGIC_INIT)
-    }
-}
-
-impl Hasher for FnvHasher {
-    fn finish(&self) -> u64 {
-        self.0
-    }
-    fn write(&mut self, bytes: &[u8]) {
-        let FnvHasher(mut hash) = *self;
-
-        for byte in bytes.iter() {
-            hash ^= u64::from(*byte);
-            hash = hash.wrapping_mul(0x0100_0000_01b3);
-        }
-
-        *self = FnvHasher(hash);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/src/util/id.rs b/src/util/id.rs
index 29dfe5a616e..0768a6d667d 100644
--- a/src/util/id.rs
+++ b/src/util/id.rs
@@ -1,93 +1,159 @@
-use crate::util::fnv::Key;
-
-use std::{
-    fmt::{Debug, Formatter, Result},
-    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
-    ops::Deref,
-};
-
-#[derive(Clone, Eq, Default)]
-#[cfg_attr(not(debug_assertions), repr(transparent))]
-pub(crate) struct Id {
-    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-    name: String,
-    id: u64,
-}
-
-macro_rules! precomputed_hashes {
-    ($($fn_name:ident, $const:expr, $name:expr;)*) => {
-        impl Id {
-            $(
-                #[allow(dead_code)]
-                pub(crate) fn $fn_name() -> Self {
-                    Id {
-                        #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-                        name: $name.into(),
-                        id: $const,
-                    }
-                }
-            )*
+/// [`Arg`][crate::Arg] or [`ArgGroup`][crate::ArgGroup] identifier
+///
+/// This is used for accessing the value in [`ArgMatches`][crate::ArgMatches] or defining
+/// relationships between `Arg`s and `ArgGroup`s with functions like
+/// [`Arg::conflicts_with`][crate::Arg::conflicts_with].
+#[derive(Default, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
+pub struct Id {
+    name: Inner,
+}
+
+impl Id {
+    pub(crate) const HELP: Self = Self::from_static_ref("help");
+    pub(crate) const VERSION: Self = Self::from_static_ref("version");
+    pub(crate) const EXTERNAL: Self = Self::from_static_ref("");
+
+    fn from_string(name: String) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            name: Inner::Owned(name.into_boxed_str()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn from_ref(name: &str) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            name: Inner::Owned(Box::from(name)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    const fn from_static_ref(name: &'static str) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            name: Inner::Static(name),
         }
-    };
+    }
+
+    /// Get the raw string of the `Id`
+    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
+        self.name.as_str()
+    }
 }
 
-// precompute some common values
-precomputed_hashes! {
-    empty_hash,   0x1C9D_3ADB_639F_298E, "";
-    help_hash,    0x5963_6393_CFFB_FE5F, "help";
-    version_hash, 0x30FF_0B7C_4D07_9478, "version";
+impl<'s> From<&'s Id> for Id {
+    fn from(id: &'s Id) -> Self {
+        id.clone()
+    }
 }
 
-impl Id {
-    pub(crate) fn from_ref<T: Key>(val: T) -> Self {
-        Id {
-            #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-            name: val.to_string(),
-            id: val.key(),
-        }
+impl From<String> for Id {
+    fn from(name: String) -> Self {
+        Self::from_string(name)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'s> From<&'s String> for Id {
+    fn from(name: &'s String) -> Self {
+        Self::from_ref(name.as_str())
     }
 }
 
-impl Debug for Id {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> Result {
-        #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-        write!(f, "{}", self.name)?;
-        #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
-        write!(f, "[hash: {:X}]", self.id)?;
+impl From<&'static str> for Id {
+    fn from(name: &'static str) -> Self {
+        Self::from_static_ref(name)
+    }
+}
 
-        Ok(())
+impl std::fmt::Display for Id {
+    #[inline]
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        std::fmt::Display::fmt(self.as_str(), f)
     }
 }
 
-impl Deref for Id {
-    type Target = u64;
+impl std::fmt::Debug for Id {
+    #[inline]
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        std::fmt::Debug::fmt(self.as_str(), f)
+    }
+}
 
-    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
-        &self.id
+impl AsRef<str> for Id {
+    #[inline]
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &str {
+        self.as_str()
     }
 }
 
-impl<T: Key> From<T> for Id {
-    fn from(val: T) -> Self {
-        Id {
-            #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-            name: val.to_string(),
-            id: val.key(),
+impl std::borrow::Borrow<str> for Id {
+    #[inline]
+    fn borrow(&self) -> &str {
+        self.as_str()
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq<str> for Id {
+    #[inline]
+    fn eq(&self, other: &str) -> bool {
+        PartialEq::eq(self.as_str(), other)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'s> PartialEq<&'s str> for Id {
+    #[inline]
+    fn eq(&self, other: &&str) -> bool {
+        PartialEq::eq(self.as_str(), *other)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq<String> for Id {
+    #[inline]
+    fn eq(&self, other: &String) -> bool {
+        PartialEq::eq(self.as_str(), other.as_str())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+enum Inner {
+    Static(&'static str),
+    Owned(Box<str>),
+}
+
+impl Inner {
+    fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Static(s) => s,
+            Self::Owned(s) => s.as_ref(),
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl Hash for Id {
-    fn hash<H>(&self, state: &mut H)
-    where
-        H: Hasher,
-    {
-        self.id.hash(state)
+impl Default for Inner {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::Static("")
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for Inner {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Inner) -> bool {
+        self.as_str() == other.as_str()
     }
 }
 
-impl PartialEq for Id {
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Id) -> bool {
-        self.id == other.id
+impl PartialOrd for Inner {
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<std::cmp::Ordering> {
+        self.as_str().partial_cmp(other.as_str())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Ord for Inner {
+    fn cmp(&self, other: &Inner) -> std::cmp::Ordering {
+        self.as_str().cmp(other.as_str())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for Inner {}
+
+impl std::hash::Hash for Inner {
+    #[inline]
+    fn hash<H: std::hash::Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        self.as_str().hash(state);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/util/mod.rs b/src/util/mod.rs
index 73b7ad81a97..ed38fbc545f 100644
--- a/src/util/mod.rs
+++ b/src/util/mod.rs
@@ -2,20 +2,19 @@
 
 mod flat_map;
 mod flat_set;
-mod fnv;
 mod graph;
 mod id;
 mod str_to_bool;
 
-pub use self::fnv::Key;
+pub use self::id::Id;
 
 pub(crate) use self::flat_map::Entry;
 pub(crate) use self::flat_map::FlatMap;
 pub(crate) use self::flat_set::FlatSet;
+pub(crate) use self::graph::ChildGraph;
 pub(crate) use self::str_to_bool::str_to_bool;
 pub(crate) use self::str_to_bool::FALSE_LITERALS;
 pub(crate) use self::str_to_bool::TRUE_LITERALS;
-pub(crate) use self::{graph::ChildGraph, id::Id};
 
 pub(crate) mod color;
 
diff --git a/tests/builder/conflicts.rs b/tests/builder/conflicts.rs
index ee08b159e3b..22cee6f3eae 100644
--- a/tests/builder/conflicts.rs
+++ b/tests/builder/conflicts.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ fn flag_conflict_2() {
 #[test]
 fn flag_conflict_with_all() {
     let result = Command::new("flag_conflict")
-        .arg(arg!(-f --flag "some flag").conflicts_with_all(&["other"]))
+        .arg(arg!(-f --flag "some flag").conflicts_with_all(["other"]))
         .arg(arg!(-o --other "some flag"))
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog", "-o", "-f"]);
     assert!(result.is_err());
@@ -377,19 +377,19 @@ For more information try --help
             Arg::new("one")
                 .long("one")
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .conflicts_with_all(&["two", "three"]),
+                .conflicts_with_all(["two", "three"]),
         )
         .arg(
             Arg::new("two")
                 .long("two")
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .conflicts_with_all(&["one", "three"]),
+                .conflicts_with_all(["one", "three"]),
         )
         .arg(
             Arg::new("three")
                 .long("three")
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .conflicts_with_all(&["one", "two"]),
+                .conflicts_with_all(["one", "two"]),
         );
     utils::assert_output(
         cmd,
@@ -433,19 +433,19 @@ fn three_conflicting_arguments() {
             Arg::new("one")
                 .long("one")
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .conflicts_with_all(&["two", "three"]),
+                .conflicts_with_all(["two", "three"]),
         )
         .arg(
             Arg::new("two")
                 .long("two")
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .conflicts_with_all(&["one", "three"]),
+                .conflicts_with_all(["one", "three"]),
         )
         .arg(
             Arg::new("three")
                 .long("three")
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .conflicts_with_all(&["one", "two"]),
+                .conflicts_with_all(["one", "two"]),
         )
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["", "--one", "--two", "--three"]);
 
diff --git a/tests/builder/default_vals.rs b/tests/builder/default_vals.rs
index 0d2888f0305..bbfa22728c9 100644
--- a/tests/builder/default_vals.rs
+++ b/tests/builder/default_vals.rs
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ fn default_ifs_arg_present() {
         .arg(
             arg!([arg] "some arg")
                 .default_value("first")
-                .default_value_ifs(&[
+                .default_value_ifs([
                     ("opt", Some("some"), Some("default")),
                     ("flag", None, Some("flg")),
                 ]),
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ fn no_default_ifs_arg_present() {
         .arg(
             arg!([arg] "some arg")
                 .default_value("first")
-                .default_value_ifs(&[("opt", Some("some"), Some("default")), ("flag", None, None)]),
+                .default_value_ifs([("opt", Some("some"), Some("default")), ("flag", None, None)]),
         )
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["", "--flag"]);
     assert!(r.is_ok(), "{}", r.unwrap_err());
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ fn default_ifs_arg_present_user_override() {
         .arg(
             arg!([arg] "some arg")
                 .default_value("first")
-                .default_value_ifs(&[
+                .default_value_ifs([
                     ("opt", Some("some"), Some("default")),
                     ("flag", None, Some("flg")),
                 ]),
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ fn default_ifs_arg_present_order() {
         .arg(
             arg!([arg] "some arg")
                 .default_value("first")
-                .default_value_ifs(&[
+                .default_value_ifs([
                     ("opt", Some("some"), Some("default")),
                     ("flag", None, Some("flg")),
                 ]),
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ fn default_value_ifs_os() {
             Arg::new("other")
                 .long("other")
                 .value_parser(value_parser!(OsString))
-                .default_value_ifs_os(&[(
+                .default_value_ifs_os([(
                     "flag",
                     Some(OsStr::new("标记2")),
                     Some(OsStr::new("flag=标记2")),
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ fn required_groups_with_default_values() {
 
     let cmd = Command::new("test")
         .arg(Arg::new("arg").default_value("value"))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("group").args(&["arg"]).required(true));
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("group").args(["arg"]).required(true));
 
     let result = cmd.clone().try_get_matches_from(&["test"]);
     assert!(result.is_err());
diff --git a/tests/builder/double_require.rs b/tests/builder/double_require.rs
index 6879be0dac1..0450fb66c72 100644
--- a/tests/builder/double_require.rs
+++ b/tests/builder/double_require.rs
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ fn cmd() -> Command<'static> {
             Arg::new("a")
                 .short('a')
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .required_unless_present_any(&["b", "c"])
-                .conflicts_with_all(&["b", "c"]),
+                .required_unless_present_any(["b", "c"])
+                .conflicts_with_all(["b", "c"]),
         )
         .arg(
             Arg::new("b")
diff --git a/tests/builder/groups.rs b/tests/builder/groups.rs
index 3c32ea99966..84cbc4acbe2 100644
--- a/tests/builder/groups.rs
+++ b/tests/builder/groups.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use super::utils;
 
-use clap::{arg, error::ErrorKind, Arg, ArgAction, ArgGroup, Command};
+use clap::{arg, error::ErrorKind, Arg, ArgAction, ArgGroup, Command, Id};
 
 static REQ_GROUP_USAGE: &str = "error: The following required arguments were not provided:
     <base|--delete>
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ fn required_group_missing_arg() {
     let result = Command::new("group")
         .arg(arg!(-f --flag "some flag"))
         .arg(arg!( -c --color "some other flag"))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(&["flag", "color"]).required(true))
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(["flag", "color"]).required(true))
         .try_get_matches_from(vec![""]);
     assert!(result.is_err());
     let err = result.err().unwrap();
@@ -43,30 +43,30 @@ fn required_group_missing_arg() {
 
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 #[test]
-#[should_panic = "Argument group 'req' contains non-existent argument"]
+#[should_panic = "Command group: Argument group 'req' contains non-existent argument"]
 fn non_existing_arg() {
     let _ = Command::new("group")
         .arg(arg!(-f --flag "some flag"))
         .arg(arg!(-c --color "some other flag"))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(&["flg", "color"]).required(true))
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(["flg", "color"]).required(true))
         .try_get_matches_from(vec![""]);
 }
 
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 #[test]
-#[should_panic = "Argument group name must be unique\n\n\t'req' is already in use"]
+#[should_panic = "Command group: Argument group name must be unique\n\n\t'req' is already in use"]
 fn unique_group_name() {
     let _ = Command::new("group")
         .arg(arg!(-f --flag "some flag"))
         .arg(arg!(-c --color "some other flag"))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(&["flag"]).required(true))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(&["color"]).required(true))
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(["flag"]).required(true))
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(["color"]).required(true))
         .try_get_matches_from(vec![""]);
 }
 
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 #[test]
-#[should_panic = "Argument group name '' must not conflict with argument name"]
+#[should_panic = "Command group: Argument group name 'a' must not conflict with argument name"]
 fn groups_new_of_arg_name() {
     let _ = Command::new("group")
         .arg(Arg::new("a").long("a").group("a"))
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ fn groups_new_of_arg_name() {
 
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 #[test]
-#[should_panic = "Argument group name 'a' must not conflict with argument name"]
+#[should_panic = "Command group: Argument group name 'a' must not conflict with argument name"]
 fn arg_group_new_of_arg_name() {
     let _ = Command::new("group")
         .arg(Arg::new("a").long("a").group("a"))
@@ -88,16 +88,13 @@ fn group_single_value() {
     let res = Command::new("group")
         .arg(arg!(-c --color [color] "some option"))
         .arg(arg!(-n --hostname <name> "another option").required(false))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("grp").args(&["hostname", "color"]))
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("grp").args(["hostname", "color"]))
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["", "-c", "blue"]);
     assert!(res.is_ok(), "{}", res.unwrap_err());
 
     let m = res.unwrap();
     assert!(m.contains_id("grp"));
-    assert_eq!(
-        m.get_one::<String>("grp").map(|v| v.as_str()).unwrap(),
-        "blue"
-    );
+    assert_eq!(m.get_one::<Id>("grp").map(|v| v.as_str()).unwrap(), "color");
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -105,7 +102,7 @@ fn group_empty() {
     let res = Command::new("group")
         .arg(arg!(-c --color [color] "some option"))
         .arg(arg!(-n --hostname <name> "another option").required(false))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("grp").args(&["hostname", "color"]))
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("grp").args(["hostname", "color"]))
         .try_get_matches_from(vec![""]);
     assert!(res.is_ok(), "{}", res.unwrap_err());
 
@@ -122,7 +119,7 @@ fn group_required_flags_empty() {
         .group(
             ArgGroup::new("grp")
                 .required(true)
-                .args(&["hostname", "color"]),
+                .args(["hostname", "color"]),
         )
         .try_get_matches_from(vec![""]);
     assert!(result.is_err());
@@ -135,19 +132,13 @@ fn group_multi_value_single_arg() {
     let res = Command::new("group")
         .arg(arg!(-c --color <color> "some option").num_args(1..))
         .arg(arg!(-n --hostname <name> "another option").required(false))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("grp").args(&["hostname", "color"]))
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("grp").args(["hostname", "color"]))
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["", "-c", "blue", "red", "green"]);
     assert!(res.is_ok(), "{:?}", res.unwrap_err().kind());
 
     let m = res.unwrap();
     assert!(m.contains_id("grp"));
-    assert_eq!(
-        &*m.get_many::<String>("grp")
-            .unwrap()
-            .map(|v| v.as_str())
-            .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
-        &["blue", "red", "green"]
-    );
+    assert_eq!(m.get_one::<Id>("grp").map(|v| v.as_str()).unwrap(), "color");
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -170,7 +161,7 @@ fn req_group_usage_string() {
         ))
         .group(
             ArgGroup::new("base_or_delete")
-                .args(&["base", "delete"])
+                .args(["base", "delete"])
                 .required(true),
         );
 
@@ -186,7 +177,7 @@ fn req_group_with_conflict_usage_string() {
         ))
         .group(
             ArgGroup::new("base_or_delete")
-                .args(&["base", "delete"])
+                .args(["base", "delete"])
                 .required(true),
         );
 
@@ -207,7 +198,7 @@ fn req_group_with_conflict_usage_string_only_options() {
         ))
         .group(
             ArgGroup::new("all_or_delete")
-                .args(&["all", "delete"])
+                .args(["all", "delete"])
                 .required(true),
         );
     utils::assert_output(
@@ -225,7 +216,7 @@ fn required_group_multiple_args() {
         .arg(arg!(-c --color "some other flag").action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
         .group(
             ArgGroup::new("req")
-                .args(&["flag", "color"])
+                .args(["flag", "color"])
                 .required(true)
                 .multiple(true),
         )
@@ -234,6 +225,13 @@ fn required_group_multiple_args() {
     let m = result.unwrap();
     assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("flag").expect("defaulted by clap"));
     assert!(*m.get_one::<bool>("color").expect("defaulted by clap"));
+    assert_eq!(
+        &*m.get_many::<Id>("req")
+            .unwrap()
+            .map(|v| v.as_str())
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        &["flag", "color"]
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -241,7 +239,7 @@ fn group_multiple_args_error() {
     let result = Command::new("group")
         .arg(arg!(-f --flag "some flag"))
         .arg(arg!(-c --color "some other flag"))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(&["flag", "color"]))
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("req").args(["flag", "color"]))
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["group", "-f", "-c"]);
     assert!(result.is_err());
     let err = result.unwrap_err();
@@ -253,7 +251,7 @@ fn group_overrides_required() {
     let command = Command::new("group")
         .arg(arg!(--foo <FOO>))
         .arg(arg!(--bar <BAR>))
-        .group(ArgGroup::new("group").args(&["foo", "bar"]).required(true));
+        .group(ArgGroup::new("group").args(["foo", "bar"]).required(true));
     let result = command.try_get_matches_from(vec!["group", "--foo", "value"]);
     assert!(result.is_ok(), "{}", result.unwrap_err());
     let m = result.unwrap();
@@ -312,7 +310,7 @@ fn issue_1794() {
         .arg(Arg::new("pos2").action(ArgAction::Set))
         .group(
             ArgGroup::new("arg1")
-                .args(&["pos1", "option1"])
+                .args(["pos1", "option1"])
                 .required(true),
         );
 
diff --git a/tests/builder/help.rs b/tests/builder/help.rs
index 56f51807b82..f84a47839c8 100644
--- a/tests/builder/help.rs
+++ b/tests/builder/help.rs
@@ -1898,7 +1898,7 @@ OPTIONS:
         .arg(Arg::new("arg2")
             .group("group1"))
         .group(ArgGroup::new("group1")
-            .args(&["arg1", "arg2"])
+            .args(["arg1", "arg2"])
             .required(true));
     utils::assert_output(cmd, "ctest -h", ISSUE_1487, false);
 }
@@ -2187,7 +2187,7 @@ OPTIONS:
         .arg(Arg::new("pos1").action(ArgAction::Set))
         .group(
             ArgGroup::new("arg1")
-                .args(&["pos1", "option1"])
+                .args(["pos1", "option1"])
                 .required(true),
         )
         .arg(Arg::new("pos2").action(ArgAction::Set));
@@ -2586,7 +2586,7 @@ fn disable_help_flag_affects_help_subcommand() {
         .find_subcommand("help")
         .unwrap()
         .get_arguments()
-        .map(|a| a.get_id())
+        .map(|a| a.get_id().as_str())
         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
     assert!(
         !args.contains(&"help"),
diff --git a/tests/builder/require.rs b/tests/builder/require.rs
index db182b455bb..92980a5a960 100644
--- a/tests/builder/require.rs
+++ b/tests/builder/require.rs
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ fn required_unless_present_all() {
     let res = Command::new("unlessall")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_unless_present_all(&["dbg", "infile"])
+                .required_unless_present_all(["dbg", "infile"])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ fn required_unless_all_err() {
     let res = Command::new("unlessall")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_unless_present_all(&["dbg", "infile"])
+                .required_unless_present_all(["dbg", "infile"])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ fn required_unless_present_any() {
     let res = Command::new("unlessone")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_unless_present_any(&["dbg", "infile"])
+                .required_unless_present_any(["dbg", "infile"])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ fn required_unless_any_2() {
     let res = Command::new("unlessone")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_unless_present_any(&["dbg", "infile"])
+                .required_unless_present_any(["dbg", "infile"])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ fn required_unless_any_works_with_short() {
             Arg::new("x")
                 .short('x')
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .required_unless_present_any(&["a", "b"]),
+                .required_unless_present_any(["a", "b"]),
         )
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["unlessone", "-a"]);
 
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ fn required_unless_any_works_with_short_err() {
             Arg::new("x")
                 .short('x')
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .required_unless_present_any(&["a", "b"]),
+                .required_unless_present_any(["a", "b"]),
         )
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["unlessone"]);
 
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ fn required_unless_any_works_without() {
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue),
         )
         .arg(Arg::new("b").short('b').action(ArgAction::SetTrue))
-        .arg(Arg::new("x").required_unless_present_any(&["a", "b"]))
+        .arg(Arg::new("x").required_unless_present_any(["a", "b"]))
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["unlessone", "-a"]);
 
     assert!(res.is_ok(), "{}", res.unwrap_err());
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ fn required_unless_any_works_with_long() {
             Arg::new("x")
                 .long("x_is_the_option")
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .required_unless_present_any(&["a", "b"]),
+                .required_unless_present_any(["a", "b"]),
         )
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["unlessone", "-a"]);
 
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ fn required_unless_any_1() {
     let res = Command::new("unlessone")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_unless_present_any(&["dbg", "infile"])
+                .required_unless_present_any(["dbg", "infile"])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ fn required_unless_any_err() {
     let res = Command::new("unlessone")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_unless_present_any(&["dbg", "infile"])
+                .required_unless_present_any(["dbg", "infile"])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ fn requires_if_present_mult() {
     let res = Command::new("unlessone")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .requires_ifs(&[("my.cfg", "extra"), ("other.cfg", "other")])
+                .requires_ifs([("my.cfg", "extra"), ("other.cfg", "other")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ fn requires_if_present_mult_pass() {
     let res = Command::new("unlessone")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .requires_ifs(&[("my.cfg", "extra"), ("other.cfg", "other")])
+                .requires_ifs([("my.cfg", "extra"), ("other.cfg", "other")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ fn required_if_all_values_present_pass() {
     let res = Command::new("ri")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_if_eq_all(&[("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
+                .required_if_eq_all([("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ fn required_if_some_values_present_pass() {
     let res = Command::new("ri")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_if_eq_all(&[("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
+                .required_if_eq_all([("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ fn required_if_all_values_present_fail() {
     let res = Command::new("ri")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_if_eq_all(&[("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
+                .required_if_eq_all([("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -757,8 +757,8 @@ fn required_if_any_all_values_present_pass() {
     let res = Command::new("ri")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_if_eq_all(&[("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
-                .required_if_eq_any(&[("extra", "val2"), ("option", "spec2")])
+                .required_if_eq_all([("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
+                .required_if_eq_any([("extra", "val2"), ("option", "spec2")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -776,8 +776,8 @@ fn required_if_any_all_values_present_fail() {
     let res = Command::new("ri")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_if_eq_all(&[("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
-                .required_if_eq_any(&[("extra", "val2"), ("option", "spec2")])
+                .required_if_eq_all([("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
+                .required_if_eq_any([("extra", "val2"), ("option", "spec2")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -877,7 +877,7 @@ fn required_ifs_val_present_pass() {
     let res = Command::new("ri")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_if_eq_any(&[("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
+                .required_if_eq_any([("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@ fn required_ifs_val_present_fail() {
     let res = Command::new("ri")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_if_eq_any(&[("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
+                .required_if_eq_any([("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -910,7 +910,7 @@ fn required_ifs_wrong_val() {
     let res = Command::new("ri")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_if_eq_any(&[("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
+                .required_if_eq_any([("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -926,7 +926,7 @@ fn required_ifs_wrong_val_mult_fail() {
     let res = Command::new("ri")
         .arg(
             Arg::new("cfg")
-                .required_if_eq_any(&[("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
+                .required_if_eq_any([("extra", "val"), ("option", "spec")])
                 .action(ArgAction::Set)
                 .long("config"),
         )
@@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ fn require_eq_filtered_group() {
         )
         .group(
             ArgGroup::new("test_group")
-                .args(&["g1", "g2"])
+                .args(["g1", "g2"])
                 .required(true),
         );
     utils::assert_output(
@@ -1047,7 +1047,7 @@ fn issue_1158_app() -> Command<'static> {
             arg!([ID] "ID")
                 .required_unless_present("config")
                 .conflicts_with("config")
-                .requires_all(&["x", "y", "z"]),
+                .requires_all(["x", "y", "z"]),
         )
         .arg(arg!(x: -x <X> "X").required(false))
         .arg(arg!(y: -y <Y> "Y").required(false))
@@ -1189,8 +1189,8 @@ fn required_unless_all_with_any() {
             Arg::new("flag")
                 .long("flag")
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .required_unless_present_any(&["foo"])
-                .required_unless_present_all(&["bar", "baz"]),
+                .required_unless_present_any(["foo"])
+                .required_unless_present_all(["bar", "baz"]),
         );
 
     let result = cmd.clone().try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog"]);
@@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@ fn required_unless_all_with_any() {
 
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 #[test]
-#[should_panic = "Argument or group 'extra' specified in 'requires*' for 'config' does not exist"]
+#[should_panic = "Command prog: Argument or group 'extra' specified in 'requires*' for 'config' does not exist"]
 fn requires_invalid_arg() {
     let _ = Command::new("prog")
         .arg(Arg::new("config").requires("extra").long("config"))
@@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@ fn requires_invalid_arg() {
 
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 #[test]
-#[should_panic = "Argument or group 'extra' specified in 'requires*' for 'config' does not exist"]
+#[should_panic = "Command prog: Argument or group 'extra' specified in 'requires*' for 'config' does not exist"]
 fn requires_if_invalid_arg() {
     let _ = Command::new("prog")
         .arg(
@@ -1236,7 +1236,7 @@ fn requires_if_invalid_arg() {
 
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 #[test]
-#[should_panic = "Argument or group 'extra' specified in 'required_if_eq*' for 'config' does not exist"]
+#[should_panic = "Command prog: Argument or group 'extra' specified in 'required_if_eq*' for 'config' does not exist"]
 fn required_if_invalid_arg() {
     let _ = Command::new("prog")
         .arg(
@@ -1249,7 +1249,7 @@ fn required_if_invalid_arg() {
 
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 #[test]
-#[should_panic = "Argument or group 'extra' specified in 'required_unless*' for 'config' does not exist"]
+#[should_panic = "Command prog: Argument or group 'extra' specified in 'required_unless*' for 'config' does not exist"]
 fn required_unless_invalid_arg() {
     let _ = Command::new("prog")
         .arg(
@@ -1368,7 +1368,7 @@ fn required_if_eq_all_on_default_value() {
             Arg::new("flag")
                 .long("flag")
                 .action(ArgAction::SetTrue)
-                .required_if_eq_all(&[("opt", "default")]),
+                .required_if_eq_all([("opt", "default")]),
         )
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog"]);
 
@@ -1403,7 +1403,7 @@ fn required_unless_all_on_default_value() {
         .arg(
             Arg::new("flag")
                 .long("flag")
-                .required_unless_present_all(&["opt"]),
+                .required_unless_present_all(["opt"]),
         )
         .try_get_matches_from(vec!["myprog"]);
 
diff --git a/tests/builder/tests.rs b/tests/builder/tests.rs
index 8a1544c1804..ea976c3ee8f 100644
--- a/tests/builder/tests.rs
+++ b/tests/builder/tests.rs
@@ -417,8 +417,8 @@ fn mut_arg_all() {
     let mut cmd = utils::complex_app();
     let arg_names = cmd
         .get_arguments()
-        .map(|a| a.get_id())
-        .filter(|a| *a != "version" && *a != "help")
+        .map(|a| a.get_id().clone())
+        .filter(|a| a != "version" && a != "help")
         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
     for arg_name in arg_names {