diff --git a/packages/jest-expo/CHANGELOG.md b/packages/jest-expo/CHANGELOG.md
index c042f4693fecb..ce8878ec23698 100644
--- a/packages/jest-expo/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/packages/jest-expo/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 ### 🎉 New features
 
+- Add support for internal `process.env.EXPO_OS` environment variable and passing `platform` to `babel-jest` caller. ([#27637](https://github.com/expo/expo/pull/27637) by [@EvanBacon](https://github.com/EvanBacon))
+
 ### 🐛 Bug fixes
 
 ### 💡 Others
diff --git a/packages/jest-expo/config/getPlatformPreset.js b/packages/jest-expo/config/getPlatformPreset.js
index eff6d633159c3..031f93c547d92 100644
--- a/packages/jest-expo/config/getPlatformPreset.js
+++ b/packages/jest-expo/config/getPlatformPreset.js
@@ -4,7 +4,16 @@ const { getBareExtensions } = require('@expo/config/paths');
 const { withWatchPlugins } = require('./withWatchPlugins');
 const expoPreset = require('../jest-preset');
 
-function getPlatformPreset(displayOptions, extensions) {
+function getUpstreamBabelJest(transform) {
+  const upstreamBabelJest = Object.keys(transform).find((key) =>
+    Array.isArray(transform[key])
+      ? transform[key][0] === 'babel-jest'
+      : transform[key] === 'babel-jest'
+  );
+  return upstreamBabelJest;
+}
+
+function getPlatformPreset(displayOptions, extensions, platform, isServer) {
   const moduleFileExtensions = getBareExtensions(extensions, {
     isTS: true,
     isReact: true,
@@ -20,7 +29,26 @@ function getPlatformPreset(displayOptions, extensions) {
     ];
   });
 
+  const upstreamBabelJest = getUpstreamBabelJest(expoPreset.transform) ?? '\\.[jt]sx?$';
+
   return withWatchPlugins({
+    transform: {
+      ...expoPreset.transform,
+      [upstreamBabelJest]: [
+        'babel-jest',
+        {
+          caller: {
+            name: 'metro',
+            bundler: 'metro',
+            // Add support for the `platform` babel transforms and inlines such as
+            // Platform.OS and `process.env.EXPO_OS`.
+            platform,
+            // Add support for removing server related code from the bundle.
+            isServer,
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+    },
     displayName: displayOptions,
     testMatch,
     moduleFileExtensions,
@@ -52,27 +80,31 @@ module.exports = {
   getWebPreset() {
     return {
       ...getBaseWebPreset(),
-      ...getPlatformPreset({ name: 'Web', color: 'magenta' }, ['web']),
+      ...getPlatformPreset({ name: 'Web', color: 'magenta' }, ['web'], 'web'),
       testEnvironment: 'jsdom',
     };
   },
   getNodePreset() {
     return {
       ...getBaseWebPreset(),
-      ...getPlatformPreset({ name: 'Node', color: 'cyan' }, ['node', 'web']),
+      ...getPlatformPreset({ name: 'Node', color: 'cyan' }, ['node', 'web'], 'web', true),
       testEnvironment: 'node',
     };
   },
   getIOSPreset() {
     return {
       ...expoPreset,
-      ...getPlatformPreset({ name: 'iOS', color: 'white' }, ['ios', 'native']),
+      ...getPlatformPreset({ name: 'iOS', color: 'white' }, ['ios', 'native'], 'ios'),
     };
   },
   getAndroidPreset() {
     return {
       ...expoPreset,
-      ...getPlatformPreset({ name: 'Android', color: 'blueBright' }, ['android', 'native']),
+      ...getPlatformPreset(
+        { name: 'Android', color: 'blueBright' },
+        ['android', 'native'],
+        'android'
+      ),
     };
   },
 };
diff --git a/packages/jest-expo/jest-preset.js b/packages/jest-expo/jest-preset.js
index 2a5267bf6b236..0e679f33e4063 100644
--- a/packages/jest-expo/jest-preset.js
+++ b/packages/jest-expo/jest-preset.js
@@ -14,13 +14,19 @@ jestPreset.moduleNameMapper = {
   '^react-native-vector-icons/(.*)': '@expo/vector-icons/$1',
 };
 
-// transform
-if (!jestPreset.transform) {
-  jestPreset.transform = {
-    '\\.[jt]sx?$': 'babel-jest',
-  };
+const upstreamBabelJest = Object.keys(jestPreset.transform).find(
+  (key) => jestPreset.transform[key] === 'babel-jest'
+);
+if (upstreamBabelJest) {
+  delete jestPreset.transform[upstreamBabelJest];
 }
 
+// transform
+jestPreset.transform['\\.[jt]sx?$'] = [
+  'babel-jest',
+  { caller: { name: 'metro', bundler: 'metro', platform: 'ios' } },
+];
+
 const defaultAssetNamePattern = '^.+\\.(bmp|gif|jpg|jpeg|mp4|png|psd|svg|webp)$';
 if (!jestPreset.transform[defaultAssetNamePattern]) {
   console.warn(`Expected react-native/jest-preset to define transform[${defaultAssetNamePattern}]`);
diff --git a/packages/jest-expo/tests/__tests__/jest-test.js b/packages/jest-expo/tests/__tests__/jest-test.js
index 7f4459b42808c..ae2201a5e07ba 100644
--- a/packages/jest-expo/tests/__tests__/jest-test.js
+++ b/packages/jest-expo/tests/__tests__/jest-test.js
@@ -11,4 +11,11 @@ describe(`jest-expo/universal`, () => {
     expect(OS).toContain(Platform.OS);
     expect(OS).toMatchSnapshot();
   });
+
+  it(`injects process.env.EXPO_OS via babel-preset-expo automatically`, () => {
+    const { OS } = require('../default-extension');
+    const { Platform } = require('expo-modules-core');
+    expect(Platform.OS).toEqual(process.env.EXPO_OS);
+    expect(OS).toContain(process.env.EXPO_OS);
+  });
 });