fix(resolver): support node prefix from ESM

[SimenB]

Summary

See #11802 (comment)

Underlying issue is resolve only support require (thus node: only works for node 16) - this skips calling resolve at all if we think it's a core module on our side

Test plan

e2e test added

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #11817 (3a18ea3) into master (3c511fd) will decrease coverage by 0.10%.
The diff coverage is 31.11%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #11817      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   69.04%   68.94%   -0.11%     
==========================================
  Files         312      312              
  Lines       16366    16400      +34     
  Branches     4746     4750       +4     
==========================================
+ Hits        11300    11307       +7     
- Misses       5039     5066      +27     
  Partials       27       27              

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts	57.33% <26.82%> (-1.81%)	⬇️
packages/jest-resolve/src/resolver.ts	56.19% <75.00%> (-0.06%)	⬇️
packages/jest-core/src/collectHandles.ts	73.13% <0.00%> (+2.98%)	⬆️

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[github-actions]

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