fix: repair caching of typescript compiler instances

[zebreus]

Summary

After updating to jest 28, testing crashes when loading multiple TypeScript jest config files (e.g. jest --projects jest-node.config.ts jest-jsdom.config.ts). This only appears to happen, if the files import something. The issue has been documented previously in kulshekhar/ts-jest#3691.

The cause was a race condition when creating the typescript compiler service, leading to ts-node being registered multiple times. This causes a crash similar to TypeStrong/ts-node#883.

Test plan

I added integration tests based on the multiProjectRunner test. They verify that:

• a single TypeScript jest config with imports works as expected
• multiple TypeScript jest configs without imports work as expected
• multiple TypeScript jest configs with imports work as expected

The first and the second test would have already passed previously, the third failed previously.

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[SimenB]

great, thanks! could you make sure to sign the CLA as well? 🙂

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[SimenB]

https://github.com/facebook/jest/releases/tag/v29.0.0-alpha.4

[SimenB]

https://github.com/facebook/jest/releases/tag/v29.0.0

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