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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Mastering Javascript: Prototypal Inheritance - Francisco Méndez Vilas</title>
<meta name="description" content="Mastering Javascript: Prototypal Inheritance slides by Francisco Mendez Vilas">
<meta name="author" content="Francisco Mendez Vilas">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
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</script>
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<script src="lib/js/html5shiv.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-state="cover" data-background="img/cover.png">
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>Today you'll learn...</h1>
</header>
<article>
<ul class="summary">
<li class="fragment">What is a prototype</li>
<li class="fragment">How prototypal inheritance works</li>
<li class="fragment">What is the prototype chain</li>
<li class="fragment">Differences between __proto__ and prototype</li>
</ul>
</article>
</section>
<section id="start">
<article>
<h1>So, let's start!</h1>
<img src="img/peque.png">
</article>
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>What is a prototype?</h1>
</header>
<article>
<p class="item">
A prototype is an object of any type which is used to construct future copies of it.
</p>
<p class="item fragment">
Just like cars in a factory. First, engineers design and construct a prototype and, when done, it's manufactured in series.
</p>
</article>
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>What is a prototype?</h1>
</header>
<article>
<pre><code data-trim class="javascript">
var Animal = {
walk: function() {
console.log('Walking...');
},
eat: function() {
console.log('Eating...');
}
};
var Person = function() {
this.talk = function() {
console.log('Hello!');
};
};
</code></pre>
</article>
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>Prototypal Inheritance</h1>
</header>
<article>
<p class="item">
In most languages, there are classes and objects. Classes inherit from other classes.
</p>
<p class="item fragment">
In JavaScript, the inheritance is prototype-based. That means there are no classes. Instead, an object inherits from another object.
</p>
<p data-animation="tada" class="item green fragment">
But, how?
</p>
</article>
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>Prototypal Inheritance</h1>
</header>
<article>
<pre><code data-trim class="javascript">
var Animal = {
walk: function() {
console.log('Walking...');
},
eat: function() {
console.log('Eating...');
}
};
var Person = function() {
this.talk = function() {
console.log('Hello!');
};
};
Person.prototype = Animal;
</code></pre>
</article>
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>Prototypal Inheritance</h1>
</header>
<article>
<pre><code data-trim class="javascript">
...
Person.prototype = Animal;
var David = new Person();
// Now we can do...
David.talk(); // Hello!
// But we can also do...
David.eat(); // Eating...
David.walk(); // Walking...
</code></pre>
</article>
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>Prototypal Inheritance</h1>
</header>
<article>
<p class="item">
But, if we look inside the newly created "David" object, you'll see there are not "eat" and "walk" methods.
</p>
<p data-animation="bounceInUp" class="item green fragment">
So, how is it doing?
</p>
<p class="item fragment">
By using the prototype chain. Let's dig deeper in this concept.
</p>
</article>
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>Prototype Chain</h1>
</header>
<article>
<pre><code data-trim class="javascript">
// console.dir(David);
{
talk: function () { ... },
__proto__: {
walk: function () { ... },
eat: function () { ... },
__proto__: Object
}
}
</code></pre>
<p class="fragment item text-medium_big" data-animation="bounceInUp">
When you call a function or access a member, Javascript looks into the first level of the prototype chain, if it doesn't exist it looks into the second level, then third... and so on.
</p>
<p class="fragment item text-medium_big" data-animation="bounceInUp">
It stops looking when finds a null __proto__ property. In our example, if we extend the last __proto__, we'll see "__proto__: null".
</p>
</article>
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>Prototype Chain</h1>
<h2 class="text-medium">Searching for a member in the prototype chain</h2>
</header>
<article>
<div class="graph">
<div class="fragment arrow medium" data-fragment-index="1"><span>David.eat()</span></div>
<div class="fragment decision" data-fragment-index="2">
<span>Exists "eat" function in David's 1st level?</span>
<div class="fragment arrow small red" data-fragment-index="3"><span>Yes</span></div>
</div>
<div class="fragment arrow small green" data-fragment-index="3"><span>No</span></div>
<div class="fragment decision" data-fragment-index="4">
<span>Exists "eat" function in David's 2nd level?</span>
<div class="fragment arrow small green" data-fragment-index="5"><span>Yes</span></div>
</div>
<div class="fragment arrow small" data-fragment-index="5"><span></span></div>
<div class="fragment circle black small" data-fragment-index="5"><span>End</span></div>
</div>
</article>
</section>
<section>
<header>
<h1>Differences</h1>
<h2>between __proto__ and prototype</h2>
</header>
<article>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<td>__proto__</td>
<td>prototype</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Present</td>
<td>Future</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>JS sniffs it to find a member.</td>
<td>JS will use it to create the __proto__ of another object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Contains the prototype chain.</td>
<td>Doesn't contain the prototype chain.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required. Every object has its own __proto__.</td>
<td>Optional. You'll use it to create new instances of this object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>It's the parent of the object.</td>
<td>It's what you want to propagate through the prototype chain.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</article>
</section>
<section id="bye">
<article>
<h1>Hope you liked it!</h1>
<h1>Thank you!</h1>
<img src="img/despedida.png">
</article>
</section>
<section data-state="cover" data-background="img/about.png">
</section>
</div>
</div>
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