diff --git a/src/ExportMap.js b/src/ExportMap.js
index 66b212a21..9954b098d 100644
--- a/src/ExportMap.js
+++ b/src/ExportMap.js
@@ -266,14 +266,14 @@ function captureTomDoc(comments) {
   }
 }
 
-ExportMap.get = function (source, context) {
+ExportMap.get = function (source, context, options) {
   const path = resolve(source, context)
   if (path == null) return null
 
-  return ExportMap.for(childContext(path, context))
+  return ExportMap.for(childContext(path, context), options)
 }
 
-ExportMap.for = function (context) {
+ExportMap.for = function (context, options = {}) {
   const { path } = context
 
   const cacheKey = hashObject(context).digest('hex')
@@ -300,14 +300,14 @@ ExportMap.for = function (context) {
   const content = fs.readFileSync(path, { encoding: 'utf8' })
 
   // check for and cache ignore
-  if (isIgnored(path, context) || !unambiguous.test(content)) {
+  if (isIgnored(path, context) || (!options.useCommonjsExports && !unambiguous.test(content))) {
     log('ignored path due to unambiguous regex or ignore settings:', path)
     exportCache.set(cacheKey, null)
     return null
   }
 
   log('cache miss', cacheKey, 'for path', path)
-  exportMap = ExportMap.parse(path, content, context)
+  exportMap = ExportMap.parse(path, content, context, options)
 
   // ambiguous modules return null
   if (exportMap == null) return null
@@ -319,7 +319,9 @@ ExportMap.for = function (context) {
 }
 
 
-ExportMap.parse = function (path, content, context) {
+ExportMap.parse = function (path, content, context, options = {}) {
+  log('using commonjs exports:', options.useCommonjsExports)
+
   var m = new ExportMap(path)
 
   try {
@@ -330,7 +332,7 @@ ExportMap.parse = function (path, content, context) {
     return m // can't continue
   }
 
-  if (!unambiguous.isModule(ast)) return null
+  if (!options.useCommonjsExports && !unambiguous.isModule(ast)) return null
 
   const docstyle = (context.settings && context.settings['import/docstyle']) || ['jsdoc']
   const docStyleParsers = {}
@@ -362,7 +364,7 @@ ExportMap.parse = function (path, content, context) {
   function resolveImport(value) {
     const rp = remotePath(value)
     if (rp == null) return null
-    return ExportMap.for(childContext(rp, context))
+    return ExportMap.for(childContext(rp, context), options)
   }
 
   function getNamespace(identifier) {
@@ -390,7 +392,7 @@ ExportMap.parse = function (path, content, context) {
     const existing = m.imports.get(p)
     if (existing != null) return existing.getter
 
-    const getter = () => ExportMap.for(childContext(p, context))
+    const getter = () => ExportMap.for(childContext(p, context), options)
     m.imports.set(p, {
       getter,
       source: {  // capturing actual node reference holds full AST in memory!
@@ -401,8 +403,118 @@ ExportMap.parse = function (path, content, context) {
     return getter
   }
 
+  // for saving all commonjs exports
+  let moduleExports = {}
+
+  // for if module exports has been declared directly (exports/module.exports = ...)
+  let moduleExportsMain = null
+
+  function parseModuleExportsObjectExpression(node) {
+    moduleExportsMain = true
+    moduleExports = {}
+    node.properties.forEach(
+      function(property) {
+        const keyType = property.key.type
+
+        if (keyType === 'Identifier') {
+          const keyName = property.key.name
+          moduleExports[keyName] = property.value
+        }
+        else if (keyType === 'Literal') {
+          const keyName = property.key.value
+          moduleExports[keyName] = property.value
+        }
+      }
+    )
+  }
+
+  function handleModuleExports() {
+    let isEsModule = false
+    const esModule = moduleExports.__esModule
+    if (esModule && esModule.type === 'Literal' && esModule.value) {
+      // for interopRequireDefault calls
+    }
+
+    Object.getOwnPropertyNames(moduleExports).forEach(function (propertyName) {
+      m.namespace.set(propertyName)
+    })
+
+    if (!isEsModule && moduleExportsMain && !options.noInterop) {
+      // recognizes default for import statements
+      m.namespace.set('default')
+    }
+  }
 
   ast.body.forEach(function (n) {
+    if (options.useCommonjsExports) {
+      if (n.type === 'ExpressionStatement') {
+        if (n.expression.type === 'AssignmentExpression') {
+          const left = n.expression.left
+          const right = n.expression.right
+
+          // exports/module.exports = ...
+          if (isCommonjsExportsObject(left)) {
+            moduleExportsMain = true
+
+            // exports/module.exports = {...}
+            if (right.type === 'ObjectExpression') {
+              parseModuleExportsObjectExpression(right)
+            }
+          }
+          else if (left.type === 'MemberExpression'
+            && isCommonjsExportsObject(left.object)) {
+            // (exports/module.exports).<name> = ...
+            if (left.property.type === 'Identifier') {
+              const keyName = left.property.name
+              moduleExports[keyName] = right
+            }
+            // (exports/module.exports).["<name>"] = ...
+            else if (left.property.type === 'Literal') {
+              const keyName = left.property.value
+              moduleExports[keyName] = right
+            }
+          }
+          else return
+        }
+        // Object.defineProperty((exports/module.exports), <name>, {value: <value>})
+        else if (n.expression.type === 'CallExpression') {
+          const call = n.expression
+
+          const callee = call.callee
+          if (callee.type !== 'MemberExpression') return
+          if (callee.object.type !== 'Identifier' || callee.object.name !== 'Object') return
+          if (callee.property.type !== 'Identifier' || callee.property.name !== 'defineProperty') return
+
+          if (call.arguments.length !== 3) return
+          if (!isCommonjsExportsObject(call.arguments[0])) return
+          if (call.arguments[1].type !== 'Literal') return
+          if (call.arguments[2].type !== 'ObjectExpression') return
+
+          call.arguments[2].properties.forEach(function (defineProperty) {
+            if (defineProperty.type !== 'Property') return
+
+            if (defineProperty.key.type === 'Literal'
+                && defineProperty.key.value === 'value') {
+              // {'value': <value>}
+              Object.defineProperty(
+                moduleExports,
+                call.arguments[1].value,
+                defineProperty.value
+              )
+            }
+            else if (defineProperty.key.type === 'Identifier'
+                && defineProperty.key.name === 'value') {
+              // {value: <value>}
+              Object.defineProperty(
+                moduleExports,
+                call.arguments[1].value,
+                defineProperty.value
+              )
+            }
+          })
+        }
+      }
+    }
 
     if (n.type === 'ExportDefaultDeclaration') {
       const exportMeta = captureDoc(docStyleParsers, n)
@@ -483,6 +595,8 @@ ExportMap.parse = function (path, content, context) {
     }
   })
 
+  if (options.useCommonjsExports) handleModuleExports()
+
   return m
 }
 
@@ -527,3 +641,25 @@ function childContext(path, context) {
     path,
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * Check if a given node is exports, module.exports, or module['exports']
+ * @param {node} node
+ * @return {boolean}
+ */
+function isCommonjsExportsObject(node) {
+  // exports
+  if (node.type === 'Identifier' && node.name === 'exports') return true
+
+  if (node.type !== 'MemberExpression') return false
+
+  if (node.object.type === 'Identifier' && node.object.name === 'module') {
+    // module.exports
+    if (node.property.type === 'Identifier' && node.property.name === 'exports') return true
+
+    // module['exports']
+    if (node.property.type === 'Literal' && node.property.value === 'exports') return true
+  }
+
+  return false
+}
diff --git a/src/rules/named.js b/src/rules/named.js
index 57e4f1d9e..1edcd4a3b 100644
--- a/src/rules/named.js
+++ b/src/rules/named.js
@@ -7,9 +7,31 @@ module.exports = {
     docs: {
       url: docsUrl('named'),
     },
+    schema : [{
+      type: 'object',
+      properties: {
+        commonjs: {
+          oneOf: [
+            { type: 'boolean' },
+            {
+              type: 'object',
+              properties: {
+                require: { type: 'boolean' },
+                exports: { type: 'boolean' },
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      },
+      additionalProperties: false,
+    }],
   },
 
   create: function (context) {
+    const options = context.options[0] || {}
+    const { commonjs = {} } = options
+    const useCommonjsExports = typeof commonjs === 'boolean' ? commonjs : commonjs.exports
+
     function checkSpecifiers(key, type, node) {
       // ignore local exports and type imports
       if (node.source == null || node.importKind === 'type') return
@@ -19,7 +41,12 @@ module.exports = {
         return // no named imports/exports
       }
 
-      const imports = Exports.get(node.source.value, context)
+      const exportsOptions = {
+        useCommonjsExports,
+        noInterop: false, // this should only be true when using require() calls
+      }
+
+      const imports = Exports.get(node.source.value, context, exportsOptions)
       if (imports == null) return
 
       if (imports.errors.length) {
diff --git a/tests/files/module-exports-direct.js b/tests/files/module-exports-direct.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b55d834ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/files/module-exports-direct.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+exports = {
+  a: 0,
+  1: 1,
+  'c': 2,
+}
diff --git a/tests/files/module-exports-number.js b/tests/files/module-exports-number.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..caedade49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/files/module-exports-number.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module.exports = 5
diff --git a/tests/files/named-default-export-es5.js b/tests/files/named-default-export-es5.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e8042f19d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/files/named-default-export-es5.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Object.defineProperty(exports, '__esModule', { value: true })
+
+const foo = 'foo'
+
+exports.default = foo
diff --git a/tests/files/named-exports-es5.js b/tests/files/named-exports-es5.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..04571436b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/files/named-exports-es5.js
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+Object.defineProperty(exports, '__esModule', {value: true})
+
+exports.destructuredProp = {}
+
+module.exports.arrayKeyProp = null
+
+exports.deepSparseElement = []
+
+exports.a = 1
+exports.b = 2
+
+const c = 3
+module.exports.d = c
+
+exports.ExportedClass = class {}
diff --git a/tests/files/re-export-default-es5.js b/tests/files/re-export-default-es5.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de3e3b437
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/files/re-export-default-es5.js
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/* compiled with babel */
+'use strict'
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, '__esModule', {
+  value: true,
+})
+
+var _defaultExport = require('./default-export')
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, 'bar', {
+  enumerable: true,
+  get: function get() {
+    return _interopRequireDefault(_defaultExport).default
+  },
+})
+
+var _namedDefaultExport = require('./named-default-export')
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, 'foo', {
+  enumerable: true,
+  get: function get() {
+    return _interopRequireDefault(_namedDefaultExport).default
+  },
+})
+
+var _common = require('./common')
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, 'common', {
+  enumerable: true,
+  get: function get() {
+    return _interopRequireDefault(_common).default
+  },
+})
+
+var _t = require('./t')
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, 't', {
+  enumerable: true,
+  get: function get() {
+    return _interopRequireDefault(_t).default
+  },
+})
+
+function _interopRequireDefault(obj) { return obj && obj.__esModule ? obj : { default: obj } }
+
+exports.baz = 'baz? really?'
diff --git a/tests/files/re-export-names-es5.js b/tests/files/re-export-names-es5.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c80073a13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/files/re-export-names-es5.js
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+const namedExports = require('./named-exports-es5')
+
+module.exports = {
+  __esModule: true,
+  foo: namedExports.a,
+  bar: namedExports.b,
+  baz: 'will it blend?',
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/rules/named.js b/tests/src/rules/named.js
index cb1a5b843..c0f952be1 100644
--- a/tests/src/rules/named.js
+++ b/tests/src/rules/named.js
@@ -33,6 +33,14 @@ ruleTester.run('named', rule, {
                 '// eslint-disable-line named' }),
 
     test({ code: 'import { foo, bar } from "./re-export-names"' }),
+    test({
+      code: 'import { foo, bar } from "./re-export-names-es5"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: { exports: true }}],
+     }),
+    test({
+      code: 'import { foo, bar } from "./re-export-names-es5"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: true }],
+    }),
 
     test({ code: 'import { foo, bar } from "./common"'
          , settings: { 'import/ignore': ['common'] } }),
@@ -65,6 +73,11 @@ ruleTester.run('named', rule, {
     test({ code: 'import { destructuredProp } from "./named-exports"' }),
     test({ code: 'import { arrayKeyProp } from "./named-exports"' }),
     test({ code: 'import { deepProp } from "./named-exports"' }),
+    test({ code: 'import { deepProp, deepSparseElement } from "./named-exports-es5"' }),
+    test({
+      code: 'import { deepProp, deepSparseElement } from "./named-exports-es5"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: { exports: true } }],
+     }),
     test({ code: 'import { deepSparseElement } from "./named-exports"' }),
 
     // should ignore imported flow types, even if they don’t exist
@@ -154,6 +167,10 @@ ruleTester.run('named', rule, {
     test({
       code: '/*jsnext*/ import { createStore } from "redux"',
     }),
+    test({
+      code: 'import { createStore } from "redux/lib/index"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: true }],
+    }),
 
     // ignore is ignored if exports are found
     test({ code: 'import { foo } from "es6-module"' }),
@@ -178,6 +195,17 @@ ruleTester.run('named', rule, {
       code: 'import { common } from "./re-export-default"',
     }),
 
+    // direct module exports cases
+    test({
+      code: 'import { a, c } from "./module-exports-direct"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: true }],
+    }),
+
+    test({
+      code: 'import { default as n } from "./module-exports-number"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: true }],
+    }),
+
     ...SYNTAX_CASES,
   ],
 
@@ -207,10 +235,16 @@ ruleTester.run('named', rule, {
 
     test({
       code: 'import { a } from "./re-export-names"',
-      options: [2, 'es6-only'],
+      options: [{ commonjs: true }],
       errors: [error('a', './re-export-names')],
     }),
 
+    test({
+      code: 'import { a } from "./re-export-names-es5"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: true }],
+      errors: [error('a', './re-export-names-es5')],
+    }),
+
     // export tests
     test({
       code: 'export { bar } from "./bar"',
@@ -282,11 +316,23 @@ ruleTester.run('named', rule, {
       settings: { 'import/ignore': [] },
       errors: ["createSnorlax not found in 'redux'"],
     }),
+    test({
+      code: 'import { createSnorlax } from "redux/lib/index"',
+      settings: { 'import/ignore': [] },
+      options: [{ commonjs: true }],
+      errors: ["createSnorlax not found in 'redux/lib/index'"],
+    }),
     // should work without ignore
     test({
       code: '/*jsnext*/ import { createSnorlax } from "redux"',
       errors: ["createSnorlax not found in 'redux'"],
     }),
+    test({
+      code: 'import { createSnorlax } from "redux/lib/index"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: { exports: true } }],
+      errors: ["createSnorlax not found in 'redux/lib/index'"],
+    }),
+
 
     // ignore is ignored if exports are found
     test({
@@ -306,6 +352,19 @@ ruleTester.run('named', rule, {
       code: 'import { default as barDefault } from "./re-export"',
       errors: [`default not found in './re-export'`],
     }),
+
+    // direct module.exports assignment
+    test({
+      code: 'import { b } from "./module-exports-direct"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: true }],
+      errors: [ error('b', './module-exports-direct') ],
+    }),
+
+    test({
+      code: 'import { noExports } from "./module-exports-number"',
+      options: [{ commonjs: true }],
+      errors: [ error('noExports', './module-exports-number') ],
+    }),
   ],
 })