diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index d1851bf9a915..2e004f3e3503 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 ### Fixes
 
+- `[jest-message-util]` Fix `.getTopFrame()` (and `toMatchInlineSnapshot()`) with `mjs` files ([#12277](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/12277))
 - `[expect]` Add a fix for `.toHaveProperty('')` ([#12251](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/12251))
 - `[jest-environment-node]` Add `atob` and `btoa` ([#12269](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/12269))
 
diff --git a/packages/jest-message-util/src/__tests__/messages.test.ts b/packages/jest-message-util/src/__tests__/messages.test.ts
index cb4d7e91f959..f9c8ba4c5ff1 100644
--- a/packages/jest-message-util/src/__tests__/messages.test.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-message-util/src/__tests__/messages.test.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 import {readFileSync} from 'graceful-fs';
 import slash = require('slash');
 import tempy = require('tempy');
-import {formatExecError, formatResultsErrors, formatStackTrace} from '..';
+import {formatExecError, formatResultsErrors, formatStackTrace, getTopFrame} from '..';
 
 const rootDir = tempy.directory();
 
@@ -365,3 +365,9 @@ describe('formatStackTrace', () => {
     expect(message).toMatchSnapshot();
   });
 });
+
+it('getTopFrame should return a path for mjs files', () => {
+  const frame = getTopFrame(['  at stack (file:///Users/user/project/inline.mjs:1:1)']);
+
+  expect(frame.file).toBe('/Users/user/project/inline.mjs');
+});
diff --git a/packages/jest-message-util/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-message-util/src/index.ts
index f02a7f0fefeb..38b4eb78618b 100644
--- a/packages/jest-message-util/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-message-util/src/index.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import slash = require('slash');
 import StackUtils = require('stack-utils');
 import type {Config, TestResult} from '@jest/types';
 import {format as prettyFormat} from 'pretty-format';
+import {fileURLToPath} from 'url';
 import type {Frame} from './types';
 
 export type {Frame} from './types';
@@ -273,6 +274,9 @@ export const getTopFrame = (lines: Array<string>): Frame | null => {
     const parsedFrame = stackUtils.parseLine(line.trim());
 
     if (parsedFrame && parsedFrame.file) {
+      if (parsedFrame.file.startsWith('file://')) {
+        parsedFrame.file = fileURLToPath(parsedFrame.file);
+      }
       return parsedFrame as Frame;
     }
   }