diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 1af0d3e822cf..4380a6f2855b 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 ### Fixes
 
+- `[jest-resolver]` Support `node:` prefix when importing Node core modules with ESM ([#11817](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/11817))
 - `[jest-types]` Export the `PrettyFormatOptions` interface ([#11801](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/11801))
 
 ### Chore & Maintenance
diff --git a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/moduleNameMapper.test.ts.snap b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/moduleNameMapper.test.ts.snap
index e6c44c61c5e4..4431860f7880 100644
--- a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/moduleNameMapper.test.ts.snap
+++ b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/moduleNameMapper.test.ts.snap
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ FAIL __tests__/index.js
       12 | module.exports = () => 'test';
       13 |
 
-      at createNoMappedModuleFoundError (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/resolver.js:561:17)
+      at createNoMappedModuleFoundError (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/resolver.js:566:17)
       at Object.require (index.js:10:1)
 `;
 
@@ -70,6 +70,6 @@ FAIL __tests__/index.js
       12 | module.exports = () => 'test';
       13 |
 
-      at createNoMappedModuleFoundError (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/resolver.js:561:17)
+      at createNoMappedModuleFoundError (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/resolver.js:566:17)
       at Object.require (index.js:10:1)
 `;
diff --git a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/nativeEsm.test.ts.snap b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/nativeEsm.test.ts.snap
index 27a97a8da96a..e530b3607f71 100644
--- a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/nativeEsm.test.ts.snap
+++ b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/nativeEsm.test.ts.snap
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Ran all test suites matching /native-esm.tla.test.js/i.
 
 exports[`on node ^12.16.0 || >=13.7.0 runs test with native ESM 1`] = `
 Test Suites: 1 passed, 1 total
-Tests:       20 passed, 20 total
+Tests:       21 passed, 21 total
 Snapshots:   0 total
 Time:        <<REPLACED>>
 Ran all test suites matching /native-esm.test.js/i.
diff --git a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/resolveNoFileExtensions.test.ts.snap b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/resolveNoFileExtensions.test.ts.snap
index 284c4c43706a..10321533f870 100644
--- a/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/resolveNoFileExtensions.test.ts.snap
+++ b/e2e/__tests__/__snapshots__/resolveNoFileExtensions.test.ts.snap
@@ -37,6 +37,6 @@ FAIL __tests__/test.js
         |                  ^
       9 |
 
-      at Resolver.resolveModule (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/resolver.js:313:11)
+      at Resolver.resolveModule (../../packages/jest-resolve/build/resolver.js:318:11)
       at Object.require (index.js:8:18)
 `;
diff --git a/e2e/native-esm/__tests__/native-esm.test.js b/e2e/native-esm/__tests__/native-esm.test.js
index edff8b0fbc81..340a9b3cae10 100644
--- a/e2e/native-esm/__tests__/native-esm.test.js
+++ b/e2e/native-esm/__tests__/native-esm.test.js
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@
  * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
  */
 
+import dns from 'dns';
 // the point here is that it's the node core module
 // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports
 import {readFileSync} from 'fs';
 import {createRequire} from 'module';
 import {dirname, resolve} from 'path';
 import {fileURLToPath} from 'url';
+import prefixDns from 'node:dns';
 import {jest as jestObject} from '@jest/globals';
 import staticImportedStatefulFromCjs from '../fromCjs.mjs';
 import {double} from '../index';
@@ -188,3 +190,7 @@ test('can mock module', async () => {
   expect(Object.keys(importedMock)).toEqual(['foo']);
   expect(importedMock.foo).toEqual('bar');
 });
+
+test('supports imports using "node:" prefix', () => {
+  expect(dns).toBe(prefixDns);
+});
diff --git a/packages/jest-resolve/src/resolver.ts b/packages/jest-resolve/src/resolver.ts
index c0800eef94cf..b532c73ba410 100644
--- a/packages/jest-resolve/src/resolver.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-resolve/src/resolver.ts
@@ -176,8 +176,12 @@ export default class Resolver {
     const skipResolution =
       options && options.skipNodeResolution && !moduleName.includes(path.sep);
 
-    const resolveNodeModule = (name: Config.Path, throwIfNotFound = false) =>
-      Resolver.findNodeModule(name, {
+    const resolveNodeModule = (name: Config.Path, throwIfNotFound = false) => {
+      if (this.isCoreModule(name)) {
+        return name;
+      }
+
+      return Resolver.findNodeModule(name, {
         basedir: dirname,
         extensions,
         moduleDirectory,
@@ -186,6 +190,7 @@ export default class Resolver {
         rootDir: this._options.rootDir,
         throwIfNotFound,
       });
+    };
 
     if (!skipResolution) {
       module = resolveNodeModule(moduleName, Boolean(process.versions.pnp));