diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 9e0d5d3ae..02f1ed5c0 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -89,15 +89,15 @@ Add `plugin:jsx-a11y/recommended` or `plugin:jsx-a11y/strict` in `extends`:
 }
 ```
 
-> As you are extending our configuration, you can omit `"plugins": ["jsx-a11y"]` from your `.eslintrc` configuration file.
+### Configurations
 
-To enable your custom components to be checked as DOM elements, you can set global settings in your
-configuration file by mapping each custom component name to a DOM element type.
+> As you are extending our configuration, you can omit `"plugins": ["jsx-a11y"]` from your `.eslintrc` configuration file.
 
 ```json
 {
   "settings": {
     "jsx-a11y": {
+      "polymorphicPropName": "as",
       "components": {
         "CityInput": "input",
         "CustomButton": "button",
@@ -109,6 +109,23 @@ configuration file by mapping each custom component name to a DOM element type.
 }
 ```
 
+#### Component Mapping
+
+To enable your custom components to be checked as DOM elements, you can set global settings in your configuration file by mapping each custom component name to a DOM element type.
+
+#### Polymorphic Components
+
+You can optionally use the `polymorphicPropName` setting to define the prop your code uses to create polymorphic components.
+This setting will be used determine the element type in rules that require semantic context.
+
+For example, if you set the `polymorphicPropName` setting to `as` then this element:
+
+`<Box as="h3">Configurations </Box>`
+
+will be evaluated as an `h3`. If no `polymorphicPropName` is set, then the component will be evaluated as `Box`.
+
+⚠️  Polymorphic components can make code harder to maintain; please use this feature with caution.
+
 ## Supported Rules
 
 <!-- begin auto-generated rules list -->
diff --git a/__tests__/src/rules/accessible-emoji-test.js b/__tests__/src/rules/accessible-emoji-test.js
index a1d21f461..fc6e95a10 100644
--- a/__tests__/src/rules/accessible-emoji-test.js
+++ b/__tests__/src/rules/accessible-emoji-test.js
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ ruleTester.run('accessible-emoji', rule, {
       code: '<CustomInput type="hidden">🐼</CustomInput>',
       settings: { 'jsx-a11y': { components: { CustomInput: 'input' } } },
     },
+    {
+      code: '<Box as="input" type="hidden">🐼</Box>',
+      settings: { 'jsx-a11y': { polymorphicPropName: 'as' } },
+    },
   )).map(parserOptionsMapper),
   invalid: parsers.all([].concat(
     { code: '<span>🐼</span>', errors: [expectedError] },
@@ -53,5 +57,10 @@ ruleTester.run('accessible-emoji', rule, {
     { code: '<Foo>🐼</Foo>', errors: [expectedError] },
     { code: '<span aria-hidden="false">🐼</span>', errors: [expectedError] },
     { code: '<CustomInput type="hidden">🐼</CustomInput>', errors: [expectedError] },
+    {
+      code: '<Box as="span">🐼</Box>',
+      settings: { 'jsx-a11y': { polymorphicPropName: 'as' } },
+      errors: [expectedError],
+    },
   )).map(parserOptionsMapper),
 });
diff --git a/__tests__/src/rules/alt-text-test.js b/__tests__/src/rules/alt-text-test.js
index 07b2c8259..24e36e23d 100644
--- a/__tests__/src/rules/alt-text-test.js
+++ b/__tests__/src/rules/alt-text-test.js
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ const inputImageError = {
 
 const componentsSettings = {
   'jsx-a11y': {
+    polymorphicPropName: 'as',
     components: {
       Input: 'input',
     },
@@ -132,6 +133,7 @@ ruleTester.run('alt-text', rule, {
     { code: '<input type="image" alt={altText} />' },
     { code: '<InputImage />' },
     { code: '<Input type="image" alt="" />', settings: componentsSettings },
+    { code: '<SomeComponent as="input" type="image" alt="" />', settings: componentsSettings },
 
     // CUSTOM ELEMENT TESTS FOR ARRAY OPTION TESTS
     { code: '<Thumbnail alt="foo" />;', options: array },
@@ -195,6 +197,7 @@ ruleTester.run('alt-text', rule, {
     { code: '<img aria-labelledby={undefined} />', errors: [ariaLabelledbyValueError] },
     { code: '<img aria-label="" />', errors: [ariaLabelValueError] },
     { code: '<img aria-labelledby="" />', errors: [ariaLabelledbyValueError] },
+    { code: '<SomeComponent as="img" aria-label="" />', settings: componentsSettings, errors: [ariaLabelValueError] },
 
     // DEFAULT ELEMENT 'object' TESTS
     { code: '<object />', errors: [objectError] },
diff --git a/__tests__/src/rules/aria-role-test.js b/__tests__/src/rules/aria-role-test.js
index 410749666..9a8ec3a89 100644
--- a/__tests__/src/rules/aria-role-test.js
+++ b/__tests__/src/rules/aria-role-test.js
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ const ignoreNonDOMSchema = [{
 
 const customDivSettings = {
   'jsx-a11y': {
+    polymorphicPropName: 'asChild',
     components: {
       Div: 'div',
     },
@@ -79,6 +80,10 @@ ruleTester.run('aria-role', rule, {
       code: '<Div role="button" />',
       settings: customDivSettings,
     },
+    {
+      code: '<Box asChild="div" role="button" />',
+      settings: customDivSettings,
+    },
     {
       code: '<svg role="graphics-document document" />',
     },
@@ -105,5 +110,10 @@ ruleTester.run('aria-role', rule, {
       options: ignoreNonDOMSchema,
       settings: customDivSettings,
     },
+    {
+      code: '<Box asChild="div" role="Button" />',
+      settings: customDivSettings,
+      errors: [errorMessage],
+    },
   )).concat(invalidTests).map(parserOptionsMapper),
 });
diff --git a/__tests__/src/rules/lang-test.js b/__tests__/src/rules/lang-test.js
index eaab8da44..3eb406b1b 100644
--- a/__tests__/src/rules/lang-test.js
+++ b/__tests__/src/rules/lang-test.js
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ const expectedError = {
 
 const componentsSettings = {
   'jsx-a11y': {
+    polymorphicPropName: 'as',
     components: {
       Foo: 'html',
     },
@@ -46,11 +47,13 @@ ruleTester.run('lang', rule, {
     { code: '<HTML lang="foo" />' },
     { code: '<Foo lang={undefined} />' },
     { code: '<Foo lang="en" />', settings: componentsSettings },
+    { code: '<Box as="html" lang="en"  />', settings: componentsSettings },
   )).map(parserOptionsMapper),
   invalid: parsers.all([].concat(
     { code: '<html lang="foo" />', errors: [expectedError] },
     { code: '<html lang="zz-LL" />', errors: [expectedError] },
     { code: '<html lang={undefined} />', errors: [expectedError] },
     { code: '<Foo lang={undefined} />', settings: componentsSettings, errors: [expectedError] },
+    { code: '<Box as="html" lang="foo" />', settings: componentsSettings, errors: [expectedError] },
   )).map(parserOptionsMapper),
 });
diff --git a/__tests__/src/rules/media-has-caption-test.js b/__tests__/src/rules/media-has-caption-test.js
index ab08eeae6..3819d9c4b 100644
--- a/__tests__/src/rules/media-has-caption-test.js
+++ b/__tests__/src/rules/media-has-caption-test.js
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ const customSchema = [
 
 const componentsSettings = {
   'jsx-a11y': {
+    polymorphicPropName: 'as',
     components: {
       Audio: 'audio',
       Video: 'video',
@@ -144,6 +145,10 @@ ruleTester.run('media-has-caption', rule, {
       code: '<Audio muted={true}></Audio>',
       settings: componentsSettings,
     },
+    {
+      code: '<Box as="audio" muted={true}></Box>',
+      settings: componentsSettings,
+    },
   )).map(parserOptionsMapper),
   invalid: parsers.all([].concat(
     { code: '<audio><track /></audio>', errors: [expectedError] },
@@ -206,5 +211,10 @@ ruleTester.run('media-has-caption', rule, {
       settings: componentsSettings,
       errors: [expectedError],
     },
+    {
+      code: '<Box as="audio"><Track kind="subtitles" /></Box>',
+      settings: componentsSettings,
+      errors: [expectedError],
+    },
   )).map(parserOptionsMapper),
 });
diff --git a/__tests__/src/util/getElementType-test.js b/__tests__/src/util/getElementType-test.js
index 5b5bd49c4..ab8aae728 100644
--- a/__tests__/src/util/getElementType-test.js
+++ b/__tests__/src/util/getElementType-test.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import expect from 'expect';
 import getElementType from '../../../src/util/getElementType';
 import JSXElementMock from '../../../__mocks__/JSXElementMock';
+import JSXAttributeMock from '../../../__mocks__/JSXAttributeMock';
 
 describe('getElementType', () => {
   describe('no settings in context', () => {
@@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ describe('getElementType', () => {
     it('should return the exact tag name for names that are in Object.prototype', () => {
       expect(elementType(JSXElementMock('toString').openingElement)).toBe('toString');
     });
+
+    it('should return the default tag name provided', () => {
+      expect(elementType(JSXElementMock('span', [JSXAttributeMock('as', 'h1')]).openingElement)).toBe('span');
+    });
   });
 
   describe('components settings in context', () => {
@@ -41,5 +46,34 @@ describe('getElementType', () => {
     it('should return the exact tag name for a custom element not in the components map', () => {
       expect(elementType(JSXElementMock('CityInput').openingElement)).toBe('CityInput');
     });
+
+    it('should return the default tag name since not polymorphicPropName was provided', () => {
+      expect(elementType(JSXElementMock('span', [JSXAttributeMock('as', 'h1')]).openingElement)).toBe('span');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('polymorphicPropName settings in context', () => {
+    const elementType = getElementType({
+      settings: {
+        'jsx-a11y': {
+          polymorphicPropName: 'asChild',
+          components: {
+            CustomButton: 'button',
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    it('should return the tag name provided by the polymorphic prop, "asChild", defined in the settings', () => {
+      expect(elementType(JSXElementMock('span', [JSXAttributeMock('asChild', 'h1')]).openingElement)).toBe('h1');
+    });
+
+    it('should return the tag name provided by the polymorphic prop, "asChild", defined in the settings instead of the component mapping tag', () => {
+      expect(elementType(JSXElementMock('CustomButton', [JSXAttributeMock('asChild', 'a')]).openingElement)).toBe('a');
+    });
+
+    it('should return the tag name provided by the componnet mapping if the polymorphic prop, "asChild", defined in the settings is not set', () => {
+      expect(elementType(JSXElementMock('CustomButton', [JSXAttributeMock('as', 'a')]).openingElement)).toBe('button');
+    });
   });
 });
diff --git a/flow/eslint.js b/flow/eslint.js
index 02b3ff601..e91291fc0 100644
--- a/flow/eslint.js
+++ b/flow/eslint.js
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ export type ESLintReport = {
 export type ESLintSettings = {
   [string]: mixed,
   'jsx-a11y'?: {
-    components: {[string]: string},
+    polymorphicPropName?: string,
+    components?: {[string]: string},
   },
 }
 
diff --git a/src/util/getElementType.js b/src/util/getElementType.js
index 51c69b1de..85ba853ba 100644
--- a/src/util/getElementType.js
+++ b/src/util/getElementType.js
@@ -4,18 +4,23 @@
 
 import type { JSXOpeningElement } from 'ast-types-flow';
 import has from 'has';
-import { elementType } from 'jsx-ast-utils';
+import { elementType, getProp, getLiteralPropValue } from 'jsx-ast-utils';
 
 import type { ESLintContext } from '../../flow/eslint';
 
 const getElementType = (context: ESLintContext): ((node: JSXOpeningElement) => string) => {
   const { settings } = context;
+  const polymorphicPropName = settings['jsx-a11y']?.polymorphicPropName;
   const componentMap = settings['jsx-a11y']?.components;
-  if (!componentMap) {
-    return elementType;
-  }
+
   return (node: JSXOpeningElement): string => {
-    const rawType = elementType(node);
+    const polymorphicProp = polymorphicPropName ? getLiteralPropValue(getProp(node.attributes, polymorphicPropName)) : undefined;
+    const rawType = polymorphicProp ?? elementType(node);
+
+    if (!componentMap) {
+      return rawType;
+    }
+
     return has(componentMap, rawType) ? componentMap[rawType] : rawType;
   };
 };