diff --git a/dev_mode/index.js b/dev_mode/index.js
index abc0058763cf..17e12088e781 100644
--- a/dev_mode/index.js
+++ b/dev_mode/index.js
@@ -21,89 +21,38 @@ require('./imports.css');
  */
 function main() {
   var JupyterLab = require('@jupyterlab/application').JupyterLab;
-
-  // Get the disabled extensions.
-  var disabled = { patterns: [], matches: [] };
-  var disabledExtensions = [];
-  try {
-    var tempDisabled = PageConfig.getOption('disabledExtensions');
-    if (tempDisabled) {
-      disabledExtensions = JSON.parse(tempDisabled).map(function(pattern) {
-        disabled.patterns.push(pattern);
-        return { raw: pattern, rule: new RegExp(pattern) };
-      });
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.warn('Unable to parse disabled extensions.', error);
-  }
-
-  // Get the deferred extensions.
-  var deferred = { patterns: [], matches: [] };
-  var deferredExtensions = [];
+  var disabled = [];
+  var deferred = [];
   var ignorePlugins = [];
-  try {
-    var tempDeferred = PageConfig.getOption('deferredExtensions');
-    if (tempDeferred) {
-      deferredExtensions = JSON.parse(tempDeferred).map(function(pattern) {
-        deferred.patterns.push(pattern);
-        return { raw: pattern, rule: new RegExp(pattern) };
-      });
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.warn('Unable to parse deferred extensions.', error);
-  }
-
-  function isDeferred(value) {
-    return deferredExtensions.some(function(pattern) {
-      return pattern.raw === value || pattern.rule.test(value);
-    });
-  }
-
-  function isDisabled(value) {
-    return disabledExtensions.some(function(pattern) {
-      return pattern.raw === value || pattern.rule.test(value);
-    });
-  }
-
   var register = [];
 
   // Handle the registered mime extensions.
   var mimeExtensions = [];
   var extension;
   var extMod;
+  var plugins = [];
   {{#each jupyterlab_mime_extensions}}
   try {
-    if (isDeferred('{{key}}')) {
-      deferred.matches.push('{{key}}');
-      ignorePlugins.push('{{key}}');
+    extMod = require('{{@key}}/{{this}}');
+    extension = extMod.default;
+
+    // Handle CommonJS exports.
+    if (!extMod.hasOwnProperty('__esModule')) {
+      extension = extMod;
     }
-    if (isDisabled('{{@key}}')) {
-      disabled.matches.push('{{@key}}');
-    } else {
-      extMod = require('{{@key}}/{{this}}');
-      extension = extMod.default;
-
-      // Handle CommonJS exports.
-      if (!extMod.hasOwnProperty('__esModule')) {
-        extension = extMod;
-      }
 
-      if (Array.isArray(extension)) {
-        extension.forEach(function(plugin) {
-          if (isDeferred(plugin.id)) {
-            deferred.matches.push(plugin.id);
-            ignorePlugins.push(plugin.id);
-          }
-          if (isDisabled(plugin.id)) {
-            disabled.matches.push(plugin.id);
-            return;
-          }
-          mimeExtensions.push(plugin);
-        });
-      } else {
-        mimeExtensions.push(extension);
+    plugins = Array.isArray(extension) ? extension : [extension];
+    plugins.forEach(function(plugin) {
+      if (PageConfig.Extension.isDeferred(plugin.id)) {
+        deferred.push(plugin.id);
+        ignorePlugins.push(plugin.id);
       }
-    }
+      if (PageConfig.Extension.isDisabled(plugin.id)) {
+        disabled.push(plugin.id);
+        return;
+      }
+      mimeExtensions.push(plugin);
+    });
   } catch (e) {
     console.error(e);
   }
@@ -112,46 +61,42 @@ function main() {
   // Handled the registered standard extensions.
   {{#each jupyterlab_extensions}}
   try {
-    if (isDeferred('{{key}}')) {
-      deferred.matches.push('{{key}}');
-      ignorePlugins.push('{{key}}');
+    extMod = require('{{@key}}/{{this}}');
+    extension = extMod.default;
+
+    // Handle CommonJS exports.
+    if (!extMod.hasOwnProperty('__esModule')) {
+      extension = extMod;
     }
-    if (isDisabled('{{@key}}')) {
-      disabled.matches.push('{{@key}}');
-    } else {
-      extMod = require('{{@key}}/{{this}}');
-      extension = extMod.default;
-
-      // Handle CommonJS exports.
-      if (!extMod.hasOwnProperty('__esModule')) {
-        extension = extMod;
-      }
 
-      if (Array.isArray(extension)) {
-        extension.forEach(function(plugin) {
-          if (isDeferred(plugin.id)) {
-            deferred.matches.push(plugin.id);
-            ignorePlugins.push(plugin.id);
-          }
-          if (isDisabled(plugin.id)) {
-            disabled.matches.push(plugin.id);
-            return;
-          }
-          register.push(plugin);
-        });
-      } else {
-        register.push(extension);
+    plugins = Array.isArray(extension) ? extension : [extension];
+    plugins.forEach(function(plugin) {
+      if (PageConfig.Extension.isDeferred(plugin.id)) {
+        deferred.push(plugin.id);
+        ignorePlugins.push(plugin.id);
       }
-    }
+      if (PageConfig.Extension.isDisabled(plugin.id)) {
+        disabled.push(plugin.id);
+        return;
+      }
+      register.push(plugin);
+    });
   } catch (e) {
     console.error(e);
   }
   {{/each}}
-
   var lab = new JupyterLab({
     mimeExtensions: mimeExtensions,
-    disabled: disabled,
-    deferred: deferred
+    disabled: {
+      matches: disabled,
+      patterns: PageConfig.Extension.disabled
+        .map(function (val) { return val.raw; })
+    },
+    deferred: {
+      matches: deferred,
+      patterns: PageConfig.Extension.deferred
+        .map(function (val) { return val.raw; })
+    },
   });
   register.forEach(function(item) { lab.registerPluginModule(item); });
   lab.start({ ignorePlugins: ignorePlugins });
diff --git a/jupyterlab/staging/index.js b/jupyterlab/staging/index.js
index bd0596206fdd..dd5f15cb2cfb 100644
--- a/jupyterlab/staging/index.js
+++ b/jupyterlab/staging/index.js
@@ -22,89 +22,38 @@ require('./imports.css');
  */
 function main() {
   var JupyterLab = require('@jupyterlab/application').JupyterLab;
-
-  // Get the disabled extensions.
-  var disabled = { patterns: [], matches: [] };
-  var disabledExtensions = [];
-  try {
-    var tempDisabled = PageConfig.getOption('disabledExtensions');
-    if (tempDisabled) {
-      disabledExtensions = JSON.parse(tempDisabled).map(function(pattern) {
-        disabled.patterns.push(pattern);
-        return { raw: pattern, rule: new RegExp(pattern) };
-      });
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.warn('Unable to parse disabled extensions.', error);
-  }
-
-  // Get the deferred extensions.
-  var deferred = { patterns: [], matches: [] };
-  var deferredExtensions = [];
+  var disabled = [];
+  var deferred = [];
   var ignorePlugins = [];
-  try {
-    var tempDeferred = PageConfig.getOption('deferredExtensions');
-    if (tempDeferred) {
-      deferredExtensions = JSON.parse(tempDeferred).map(function(pattern) {
-        deferred.patterns.push(pattern);
-        return { raw: pattern, rule: new RegExp(pattern) };
-      });
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.warn('Unable to parse deferred extensions.', error);
-  }
-
-  function isDeferred(value) {
-    return deferredExtensions.some(function(pattern) {
-      return pattern.raw === value || pattern.rule.test(value);
-    });
-  }
-
-  function isDisabled(value) {
-    return disabledExtensions.some(function(pattern) {
-      return pattern.raw === value || pattern.rule.test(value);
-    });
-  }
-
   var register = [];
 
   // Handle the registered mime extensions.
   var mimeExtensions = [];
   var extension;
   var extMod;
+  var plugins = [];
   {{#each jupyterlab_mime_extensions}}
   try {
-    if (isDeferred('{{key}}')) {
-      deferred.matches.push('{{key}}');
-      ignorePlugins.push('{{key}}');
+    extMod = require('{{@key}}/{{this}}');
+    extension = extMod.default;
+
+    // Handle CommonJS exports.
+    if (!extMod.hasOwnProperty('__esModule')) {
+      extension = extMod;
     }
-    if (isDisabled('{{@key}}')) {
-      disabled.matches.push('{{@key}}');
-    } else {
-      extMod = require('{{@key}}/{{this}}');
-      extension = extMod.default;
-
-      // Handle CommonJS exports.
-      if (!extMod.hasOwnProperty('__esModule')) {
-        extension = extMod;
-      }
 
-      if (Array.isArray(extension)) {
-        extension.forEach(function(plugin) {
-          if (isDeferred(plugin.id)) {
-            deferred.matches.push(plugin.id);
-            ignorePlugins.push(plugin.id);
-          }
-          if (isDisabled(plugin.id)) {
-            disabled.matches.push(plugin.id);
-            return;
-          }
-          mimeExtensions.push(plugin);
-        });
-      } else {
-        mimeExtensions.push(extension);
+    plugins = Array.isArray(extension) ? extension : [extension];
+    plugins.forEach(function(plugin) {
+      if (PageConfig.Extension.isDeferred(plugin.id)) {
+        deferred.push(plugin.id);
+        ignorePlugins.push(plugin.id);
       }
-    }
+      if (PageConfig.Extension.isDisabled(plugin.id)) {
+        disabled.push(plugin.id);
+        return;
+      }
+      mimeExtensions.push(plugin);
+    });
   } catch (e) {
     console.error(e);
   }
@@ -113,46 +62,42 @@ function main() {
   // Handled the registered standard extensions.
   {{#each jupyterlab_extensions}}
   try {
-    if (isDeferred('{{key}}')) {
-      deferred.matches.push('{{key}}');
-      ignorePlugins.push('{{key}}');
+    extMod = require('{{@key}}/{{this}}');
+    extension = extMod.default;
+
+    // Handle CommonJS exports.
+    if (!extMod.hasOwnProperty('__esModule')) {
+      extension = extMod;
     }
-    if (isDisabled('{{@key}}')) {
-      disabled.matches.push('{{@key}}');
-    } else {
-      extMod = require('{{@key}}/{{this}}');
-      extension = extMod.default;
-
-      // Handle CommonJS exports.
-      if (!extMod.hasOwnProperty('__esModule')) {
-        extension = extMod;
-      }
 
-      if (Array.isArray(extension)) {
-        extension.forEach(function(plugin) {
-          if (isDeferred(plugin.id)) {
-            deferred.matches.push(plugin.id);
-            ignorePlugins.push(plugin.id);
-          }
-          if (isDisabled(plugin.id)) {
-            disabled.matches.push(plugin.id);
-            return;
-          }
-          register.push(plugin);
-        });
-      } else {
-        register.push(extension);
+    plugins = Array.isArray(extension) ? extension : [extension];
+    plugins.forEach(function(plugin) {
+      if (PageConfig.Extension.isDeferred(plugin.id)) {
+        deferred.push(plugin.id);
+        ignorePlugins.push(plugin.id);
       }
-    }
+      if (PageConfig.Extension.isDisabled(plugin.id)) {
+        disabled.push(plugin.id);
+        return;
+      }
+      register.push(plugin);
+    });
   } catch (e) {
     console.error(e);
   }
   {{/each}}
-
   var lab = new JupyterLab({
     mimeExtensions: mimeExtensions,
-    disabled: disabled,
-    deferred: deferred
+    disabled: {
+      matches: disabled,
+      patterns: PageConfig.Extension.disabled
+        .map(function (val) { return val.raw; })
+    },
+    deferred: {
+      matches: deferred,
+      patterns: PageConfig.Extension.deferred
+        .map(function (val) { return val.raw; })
+    },
   });
   register.forEach(function(item) { lab.registerPluginModule(item); });
   lab.start({ ignorePlugins: ignorePlugins });
diff --git a/packages/apputils-extension/src/index.ts b/packages/apputils-extension/src/index.ts
index 91fead4e32df..24f886e6c083 100644
--- a/packages/apputils-extension/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/apputils-extension/src/index.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ import {
 
 import {
   Debouncer,
-  IRateLimiter,
   ISettingRegistry,
   IStateDB,
+  PageConfig,
   SettingRegistry,
   StateDB,
   Throttler,
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ import { DisposableDelegate } from '@lumino/disposable';
 
 import { Palette } from './palette';
 
+import { SettingConnector } from './settingconnector';
+
 import { themesPlugin, themesPaletteMenuPlugin } from './themeplugins';
 
 /**
@@ -90,10 +92,40 @@ const paletteRestorer: JupyterFrontEndPlugin<void> = {
 const settings: JupyterFrontEndPlugin<ISettingRegistry> = {
   id: '@jupyterlab/apputils-extension:settings',
   activate: async (app: JupyterFrontEnd): Promise<ISettingRegistry> => {
-    const connector = app.serviceManager.settings;
-    const plugins = (await connector.list()).values;
+    const { isDisabled } = PageConfig.Extension;
+    const connector = new SettingConnector(app.serviceManager.settings);
+
+    const registry = new SettingRegistry({
+      connector,
+      plugins: (await connector.list('active')).values
+    });
+
+    // If there are plugins that have schemas that are not in the setting
+    // registry after the application has restored, try to load them manually
+    // because otherwise, its settings will never become available in the
+    // setting registry.
+    void app.restored.then(async () => {
+      const plugins = await connector.list('all');
+      plugins.ids.forEach(async (id, index) => {
+        if (isDisabled(id) || id in registry.plugins) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+          await registry.load(id);
+        } catch (error) {
+          console.warn(`Settings failed to load for (${id})`, error);
+          if (plugins.values[index].schema['jupyter.lab.transform']) {
+            console.warn(
+              `This may happen if {autoStart: false} in (${id}) ` +
+                `or if it is one of the deferredExtensions in page config.`
+            );
+          }
+        }
+      });
+    });
 
-    return new SettingRegistry({ connector, plugins });
+    return registry;
   },
   autoStart: true,
   provides: ISettingRegistry
@@ -190,7 +222,7 @@ const splash: JupyterFrontEndPlugin<ISplashScreen> = {
 
     // Create debounced recovery dialog function.
     let dialog: Dialog<any>;
-    const recovery: IRateLimiter = new Throttler(async () => {
+    const recovery = new Throttler(async () => {
       if (dialog) {
         return;
       }
diff --git a/packages/apputils-extension/src/settingconnector.ts b/packages/apputils-extension/src/settingconnector.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b1192c57a799
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/apputils-extension/src/settingconnector.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import {
+  DataConnector,
+  IDataConnector,
+  ISettingRegistry,
+  PageConfig
+} from '@jupyterlab/coreutils';
+
+/**
+ * A data connector for fetching settings.
+ *
+ * #### Notes
+ * This connector adds a query parameter to the base services setting manager.
+ */
+export class SettingConnector extends DataConnector<
+  ISettingRegistry.IPlugin,
+  string
+> {
+  constructor(connector: IDataConnector<ISettingRegistry.IPlugin, string>) {
+    super();
+    this._connector = connector;
+  }
+
+  fetch(id: string): Promise<ISettingRegistry.IPlugin> {
+    return this._connector.fetch(id);
+  }
+
+  async list(
+    query: 'active' | 'all' = 'all'
+  ): Promise<{ ids: string[]; values: ISettingRegistry.IPlugin[] }> {
+    const { isDeferred, isDisabled } = PageConfig.Extension;
+    let { ids, values } = await this._connector.list();
+
+    if (query === 'all') {
+      return { ids, values };
+    }
+
+    return {
+      ids: ids.filter(id => !isDeferred(id) && !isDisabled(id)),
+      values: values.filter(({ id }) => !isDeferred(id) && !isDisabled(id))
+    };
+  }
+
+  private _connector: IDataConnector<ISettingRegistry.IPlugin, string>;
+}
diff --git a/packages/coreutils/src/dataconnector.ts b/packages/coreutils/src/dataconnector.ts
index fe24164b182d..637be4960ed1 100644
--- a/packages/coreutils/src/dataconnector.ts
+++ b/packages/coreutils/src/dataconnector.ts
@@ -16,14 +16,17 @@ import { IDataConnector } from './interfaces';
  * ID or filter, but may be set to a different type when an implementation
  * requires it. Defaults to `string`.
  *
+ * @typeparam W - The type of the optional `query` parameter of the `list`
+ * method. Defaults to `string`.
+ *
  * #### Notes
  * The only abstract method in this class is the `fetch` method, which must be
  * reimplemented by all subclasses. The `remove` and `save` methods have a
  * default implementation that returns a promise that will always reject. This
  * class is a convenience superclass for connectors that only need to `fetch`.
  */
-export abstract class DataConnector<T, U = T, V = string>
-  implements IDataConnector<T, U, V> {
+export abstract class DataConnector<T, U = T, V = string, W = string>
+  implements IDataConnector<T, U, V, W> {
   /**
    * Retrieve an item from the data connector.
    *
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ export abstract class DataConnector<T, U = T, V = string>
    * #### Notes
    * Subclasses should reimplement if they support a back-end that can list.
    */
-  async list(query?: any): Promise<{ ids: V[]; values: T[] }> {
+  async list(query?: W): Promise<{ ids: V[]; values: T[] }> {
     throw new Error('DataConnector#list method has not been implemented.');
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/coreutils/src/interfaces.ts b/packages/coreutils/src/interfaces.ts
index 36df41b2de49..5774e66e6866 100644
--- a/packages/coreutils/src/interfaces.ts
+++ b/packages/coreutils/src/interfaces.ts
@@ -41,8 +41,11 @@ export interface IChangedArgs<T, U extends string = string> {
  * @typeparam V - The basic token applied to a request, conventionally a string
  * ID or filter, but may be set to a different type when an implementation
  * requires it. Defaults to `string`.
+ *
+ * @typeparam W - The type of the optional `query` parameter of the `list`
+ * method. Defaults to `string`;
  */
-export interface IDataConnector<T, U = T, V = string> {
+export interface IDataConnector<T, U = T, V = string, W = string> {
   /**
    * Retrieve an item from the data connector.
    *
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ export interface IDataConnector<T, U = T, V = string> {
    * retrieving the data. The two lists will always be the same size. If there
    * is no data, this method will succeed with empty `ids` and `values`.
    */
-  list(query?: any): Promise<{ ids: V[]; values: T[] }>;
+  list(query?: W): Promise<{ ids: V[]; values: T[] }>;
 
   /**
    * Remove a value using the data connector.
diff --git a/packages/coreutils/src/settingregistry.ts b/packages/coreutils/src/settingregistry.ts
index 963f2796f180..91ff7ac8aceb 100644
--- a/packages/coreutils/src/settingregistry.ts
+++ b/packages/coreutils/src/settingregistry.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ const copy = JSONExt.deepCopy;
  * will wait before timing out if it requires a transformation that has not been
  * registered.
  */
-const DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_TIMEOUT = 7000;
+const DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_TIMEOUT = 1000;
 
 /**
  * The ASCII record separator character.
diff --git a/packages/services/src/setting/index.ts b/packages/services/src/setting/index.ts
index b1aecf6c6c9d..fac9bb060a53 100644
--- a/packages/services/src/setting/index.ts
+++ b/packages/services/src/setting/index.ts
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ export class SettingManager extends DataConnector<
    * @returns A promise that resolves if successful.
    */
   async fetch(id: string): Promise<ISettingRegistry.IPlugin> {
+    if (!id) {
+      throw new Error('Plugin `id` parameter is required for settings fetch.');
+    }
+
     const { serverSettings } = this;
     const { baseUrl, appUrl } = serverSettings;
     const { makeRequest, ResponseError } = ServerConnection;
@@ -46,10 +50,6 @@ export class SettingManager extends DataConnector<
     const url = Private.url(base, id);
     const response = await makeRequest(url, {}, serverSettings);
 
-    if (!id) {
-      throw new Error('Plugin `id` parameter is required for settings fetch.');
-    }
-
     if (response.status !== 200) {
       throw new ResponseError(response);
     }
diff --git a/packages/shortcuts-extension/schema/plugin.json b/packages/shortcuts-extension/schema/plugin.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 15eb4eb2d6fc..000000000000
--- a/packages/shortcuts-extension/schema/plugin.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "jupyter.lab.setting-deprecated": true,
-  "jupyter.lab.setting-icon-class": "jp-KeyboardIcon",
-  "jupyter.lab.setting-icon-label": "Keyboard Shortcuts",
-  "title": "Keyboard Shortcuts",
-  "description": "Keyboard shortcut settings for JupyterLab.",
-  "properties": {},
-  "oneOf": [{ "$ref": "#/definitions/shortcut" }],
-  "type": "object",
-  "definitions": {
-    "shortcut": {
-      "properties": {
-        "command": { "type": "string" },
-        "keys": {
-          "items": { "type": "string" },
-          "minItems": 1,
-          "type": "array"
-        },
-        "selector": { "type": "string" }
-      },
-      "type": "object"
-    }
-  }
-}
diff --git a/packages/shortcuts-extension/src/index.ts b/packages/shortcuts-extension/src/index.ts
index fa4269e46e80..4587af8820c3 100644
--- a/packages/shortcuts-extension/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/shortcuts-extension/src/index.ts
@@ -18,97 +18,6 @@ import {
 
 import { DisposableSet, IDisposable } from '@lumino/disposable';
 
-/**
- * The ASCII record separator character.
- */
-const RECORD_SEPARATOR = String.fromCharCode(30);
-
-/**
- * This plugin and its schema are deprecated and will be removed in a future
- * version of JupyterLab. This plugin will load old keyboard shortcuts and add
- * them to the new keyboard shortcuts plugin below before removing the old
- * shortcuts.
- */
-const plugin: JupyterFrontEndPlugin<void> = {
-  id: '@jupyterlab/shortcuts-extension:plugin',
-  requires: [ISettingRegistry],
-  activate: async (app: JupyterFrontEnd, registry: ISettingRegistry) => {
-    try {
-      const old = await registry.load(plugin.id);
-      const settings = await registry.load(shortcuts.id);
-      const keys = Object.keys(old.user);
-      const deprecated: ISettingRegistry.IShortcut[] = [];
-      const port = (deprecated: ISettingRegistry.IShortcut[]) => {
-        if (!deprecated.length) {
-          return;
-        }
-
-        const memo: {
-          [keys: string]: { [selector: string]: null };
-        } = {};
-        const shortcuts = settings.user
-          .shortcuts as ISettingRegistry.IShortcut[];
-
-        // Add the current shortcuts into the memo.
-        shortcuts.forEach(shortcut => {
-          const keys = shortcut.keys.join(RECORD_SEPARATOR);
-          const { selector } = shortcut;
-
-          if (!keys) {
-            return;
-          }
-          if (!(keys in memo)) {
-            memo[keys] = {};
-          }
-          if (!(selector in memo[keys])) {
-            memo[keys][selector] = null;
-          }
-        });
-
-        // Add deprecated shortcuts that don't exist to the current list.
-        deprecated.forEach(shortcut => {
-          const { selector } = shortcut;
-          const keys = shortcut.keys.join(RECORD_SEPARATOR);
-
-          if (!(keys in memo)) {
-            memo[keys] = {};
-          }
-          if (!(selector in memo[keys])) {
-            memo[keys][selector] = null;
-            shortcuts.push(shortcut);
-          }
-        });
-
-        // Save the reconciled list.
-        void settings.set('shortcuts', shortcuts);
-      };
-
-      if (!keys.length) {
-        return;
-      }
-      keys.forEach(key => {
-        const { command, keys, selector } = old.user[
-          key
-        ] as ISettingRegistry.IShortcut;
-
-        // Only port shortcuts over if they are valid.
-        if (command && selector && keys && keys.length) {
-          deprecated.push({ command, keys, selector });
-        }
-      });
-
-      // Port the deprecated shortcuts to the new plugin.
-      port(deprecated);
-
-      // Remove all old shortcuts;
-      void old.save('{}');
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.error(`Loading ${plugin.id} failed.`, error);
-    }
-  },
-  autoStart: true
-};
-
 /**
  * The default shortcuts extension.
  *
@@ -259,11 +168,9 @@ List of Keyboard Shortcuts`;
 };
 
 /**
- * Export the plugins as default.
+ * Export the shortcut plugin as default.
  */
-const plugins: JupyterFrontEndPlugin<any>[] = [plugin, shortcuts];
-
-export default plugins;
+export default shortcuts;
 
 /**
  * A namespace for private module data.