ScalametaParser.scala

package scala.meta
package internal
package parsers

import scala.annotation.tailrec
import scala.collection.immutable._
import scala.collection.mutable
import scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer
import scala.language.implicitConversions
import scala.reflect.{ClassTag, classTag}
import scala.util.Try
import scala.util.Success
import scala.util.Failure

import scala.meta.classifiers._
import scala.meta.inputs._
import scala.meta.internal.parsers.Location._
import scala.meta.internal.parsers.Absolutize._
import scala.meta.internal.trees._
import scala.meta.parsers._
import scala.meta.prettyprinters._
import scala.meta.tokens._
import scala.meta.tokens.Token._
import scala.meta.trees.Origin

import org.scalameta._
import org.scalameta.invariants._

class ScalametaParser(input: Input)(implicit dialect: Dialect) { parser =>

  import ScalametaParser._

  private val scannerTokens: ScannerTokens = ScannerTokens(input)
  import scannerTokens._

  /* ------------- NESTED CONTEXT OBJECTS ----------------------------------------- */
  // must all be parser-specific, to avoid sharing state with other parsers
  private object QuotedSpliceContext extends NestedContext
  private object QuotedPatternContext extends NestedContext
  private object ReturnTypeContext extends NestedContext
  private object TypeBracketsContext extends NestedContext
  private object PatternTypeContext extends NestedContext

  /* ------------- PARSER ENTRY POINTS -------------------------------------------- */

  def parseRule[T <: Tree](rule: this.type => T): T = {
    parseRule(rule(this))
  }

  def parseRule[T <: Tree](rule: => T): T = {
    // NOTE: can't require in.tokenPos to be at -1, because TokIterator auto-rewinds when created
    // require(in.tokenPos == -1 && debug(in.tokenPos))
    accept[BOF]
    parseRuleAfterBOF(rule)
  }

  private def parseRuleAfterBOF[T <: Tree](rule: => T): T = {
    val start = prevTokenPos
    val t = rule
    // NOTE: can't have prevTokenPos here
    // because we need to subsume all the trailing trivia
    val end = tokenPos
    accept[EOF]
    atPos(start, end)(t)
  }

  // Entry points for Parse[T]
  def parseStat(): Stat = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteStat() else entrypointStat()
  }

  def parseTerm(): Term = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteExpr() else entrypointExpr()
  }

  def parseUnquoteTerm(): Term = parseRule(unquoteExpr())

  def parseTermParam(): Term.Param = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteTermParam() else entrypointTermParam()
  }

  def parseType(): Type = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteType() else entrypointType()
  }

  def parseTypeParam(): Type.Param = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteTypeParam() else entrypointTypeParam()
  }

  def parsePat(): Pat = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquotePattern() else entrypointPattern()
  }

  def parseUnquotePat(): Pat = parseRule(unquotePattern())

  def parseCase(): Case = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteCase() else entrypointCase()
  }

  def parseCtor(): Ctor = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteCtor() else entrypointCtor()
  }

  def parseInit(): Init = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteInit() else entrypointInit()
  }

  def parseSelf(): Self = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteSelf() else entrypointSelf()
  }

  def parseTemplate(): Template = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteTemplate() else entrypointTemplate()
  }

  def parseMod(): Mod = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteModifier() else entrypointModifier()
  }

  def parseEnumerator(): Enumerator = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteEnumerator() else entrypointEnumerator()
  }

  def parseImporter(): Importer = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteImporter() else entrypointImporter()
  }

  def parseImportee(): Importee = parseRule {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteImportee() else entrypointImportee()
  }

  def parseSource(): Source = parseRule(parseSourceImpl())

  private def parseSourceImpl(): Source = {
    if (dialect.allowUnquotes) quasiquoteSource() else entrypointSource()
  }

  def parseAmmonite(): MultiSource = parseRule(entryPointAmmonite())

  def entryPointAmmonite(): MultiSource = {
    require(input.isInstanceOf[Input.Ammonite])
    val builder = List.newBuilder[Source]

    doWhile {
      builder += parseRuleAfterBOF(parseSourceImpl())
    } {
      in.token match {
        case t: Token.EOF if t.end < input.chars.length =>
          in.next()
          accept[Token.At]
          accept[Token.BOF]
          true
        case _ => false
      }
    }
    MultiSource(builder.result())
  }

  /* ------------- TOKEN STREAM HELPERS -------------------------------------------- */

  @inline private def isColonIndent(): Boolean = token.is[Colon] && isIndentAfter()
  @inline private def isIndentAfter(): Boolean = peekToken.is[Indentation.Indent]

  /* ------------- PARSER-SPECIFIC TOKENS -------------------------------------------- */

  var in: TokenIterator = {
    LazyTokenIterator(scannerTokens)
  }

  @inline def tokenPos = in.tokenPos
  @inline def prevTokenPos = in.prevTokenPos
  @inline def token = in.token
  @inline def prevToken = in.prevToken
  @inline def peekIndex = in.peekIndex
  @inline def peekToken = in.peekToken
  @inline def next() = in.next()
  def nextTwice() = { next(); next() }

  @inline private def nextIf(cond: Boolean): Boolean = {
    if (cond) next()
    cond
  }

  /* ------------- PARSER COMMON -------------------------------------------- */

  /**
   * Scoping operator used to temporarily look into the future. Backs up token iterator before
   * evaluating a block and restores it after.
   */
  @inline final def ahead[T](body: => T): T = {
    val forked = in.fork
    try next(body)
    finally in = forked
  }

  @inline private def tryAhead[T: ClassTag]: Boolean =
    nextIf(peekToken.is[T])

  @inline private def tryAheadNot[T: ClassTag]: Boolean =
    nextIf(!peekToken.is[T])

  private def unreachable(debuggees: Map[String, Any]): Nothing = UnreachableError.raise(debuggees)
  private def unreachable(token: Token): Nothing = unreachable(Map("token" -> token))
  private def unreachable: Nothing = unreachable(Map.empty[String, Any])

  private def tryAhead(cond: => Boolean): Boolean = {
    val forked = in.fork
    next()
    val ok = cond
    if (!ok) in = forked
    ok
  }

  private def tryParse[A](bodyFunc: => Option[A]): Option[A] = {
    val forked = in.fork
    val body = bodyFunc
    if (body.isEmpty) in = forked
    body
  }

  private def tryAhead[A](bodyFunc: => Option[A]): Option[A] =
    tryParse(next(bodyFunc))

  /** evaluate block after shifting next */
  @inline private def next[T](body: => T): T = {
    next()
    body
  }

  @inline final def inParens[T](body: => T): T = {
    accept[LeftParen]
    inParensAfterOpen(body)
  }
  @inline final def inParensOr[T](body: => T)(ifEmpty: => T): T = {
    accept[LeftParen]
    inParensAfterOpenOr(body)(ifEmpty)
  }
  @inline private def inParensOnOpen[T](body: => T): T = {
    next()
    inParensAfterOpen(body)
  }
  @inline private def inParensOnOpenOr[T](body: => T)(ifEmpty: => T): T = {
    next()
    inParensAfterOpenOr(body)(ifEmpty)
  }
  @inline private def inParensAfterOpen[T](body: T): T = {
    acceptAfterOptNL[RightParen]
    body
  }
  @inline private def inParensAfterOpenOr[T](body: => T)(ifEmpty: => T): T =
    if (acceptOpt[RightParen]) ifEmpty
    else inParensAfterOpen(body)

  @inline final def inBraces[T](body: => T): T = {
    inBracesOr(body)(syntaxErrorExpected[LeftBrace])
  }
  @inline final def inBracesOr[T](body: => T)(ifEmpty: => T): T = {
    newLineOpt()
    if (acceptOpt[LeftBrace]) inBracesAfterOpen(body) else ifEmpty
  }
  @inline private def inBracesOnOpen[T](body: => T): T = {
    next()
    inBracesAfterOpen(body)
  }
  @inline private def inBracesAfterOpen[T](body: T): T = {
    acceptAfterOptNL[RightBrace]
    body
  }

  @inline final def indented[T](body: => T): T = {
    accept[Indentation.Indent]
    indentedAfterOpen(body)
  }
  @inline private def indentedOnOpen[T](body: => T): T = {
    next()
    indentedAfterOpen(body)
  }
  @inline private def indentedAfterOpen[T](body: T): T = {
    acceptAfterOptNL[Indentation.Outdent]
    body
  }

  @inline final def inBracesOrNil[T](body: => List[T]): List[T] = inBracesOr(body)(Nil)
  @inline final def dropAnyBraces[T](body: => T): T =
    inBracesOr(body)(body)

  @inline final def inBrackets[T](body: => T): T = {
    accept[LeftBracket]
    inBracketsAfterOpen(body)
  }
  @inline private def inBracketsOnOpen[T](body: => T): T = {
    next()
    inBracketsAfterOpen(body)
  }
  @inline private def inBracketsAfterOpen[T](body: T): T = {
    accept[RightBracket]
    body
  }

  /* ------------- POSITION HANDLING ------------------------------------------- */

  case object AutoPos extends Pos {
    def startTokenPos = tokenPos
    def endTokenPos = prevTokenPos
  }
  case object EndPosPreOutdent extends EndPos {
    def endTokenPos = if (token.is[Indentation.Outdent]) tokenPos else prevTokenPos
  }
  implicit def intToIndexPos(index: Int): Pos = new IndexPos(index)
  implicit def treeToTreePos(tree: Tree): Pos = new TreePos(tree)
  implicit def optionTreeToPos(tree: Option[Tree]): Pos = tree.fold[Pos](AutoPos)(treeToTreePos)
  implicit def modsToPos(mods: List[Mod]): Pos = mods.headOption
  def auto = AutoPos

  def atPos[T <: Tree](start: StartPos, end: EndPos)(body: => T): T = {
    atPos(start.startTokenPos, end)(body)
  }
  def atPosOpt[T <: Tree](start: StartPos, end: EndPos)(body: => T): T = {
    atPosOpt(start.startTokenPos, end)(body)
  }

  @inline
  def atPos[T <: Tree](start: Int, end: EndPos)(body: T): T = {
    atPosWithBody(start, body, end.endTokenPos)
  }
  def atPosOpt[T <: Tree](start: Int, end: EndPos)(body: T): T = {
    body.origin match {
      case o: Origin.Parsed if o.source eq originSource => body
      case _ => atPos(start, end)(body)
    }
  }
  def atPos[T <: Tree](pos: Int)(body: => T): T = {
    atPosWithBody(pos, body, pos)
  }
  def atCurPos[T <: Tree](body: => T): T = {
    atPos(tokenPos)(body)
  }
  def atCurPosNext[T <: Tree](body: => T): T = {
    try atCurPos(body)
    finally next()
  }

  private val originSource = new Origin.ParsedSource(input)

  def atPosWithBody[T <: Tree](startPos: Int, body: T, endPos: Int): T = {
    @tailrec def getStart(pos: Int): Int =
      if (pos > endPos) startPos else if (tokens(pos).is[Trivia]) getStart(pos + 1) else pos
    @tailrec def getEnd(pos: Int): Int =
      if (!tokens(pos).is[Whitespace]) pos else if (pos == startPos) endPos else getEnd(pos - 1)
    val start = getStart(startPos)
    val end = if (endPos < startPos) startPos - 1 else getEnd(endPos)
    val endExcl = if (start == end && tokens(start).is[Trivia]) end else end + 1
    body.withOrigin(Origin.Parsed(originSource, start, endExcl))
  }

  def atPosTry[T <: Tree](start: StartPos, end: EndPos)(body: => Try[T]): Try[T] = {
    val startTokenPos = start.startTokenPos
    body.map(atPos(startTokenPos, end))
  }
  def atPosTryOpt[T <: Tree](start: StartPos, end: EndPos)(body: => Try[T]): Try[T] = {
    val startTokenPos = start.startTokenPos
    body.map(atPosOpt(startTokenPos, end))
  }

  def autoPos[T <: Tree](body: => T): T = atPos(start = auto, end = auto)(body)
  def autoPosOpt[T <: Tree](body: => T): T = atPosOpt(start = auto, end = auto)(body)
  @inline
  def autoEndPos[T <: Tree](start: Int)(body: => T): T = atPos(start = start, end = auto)(body)
  @inline
  def autoEndPosOpt[T <: Tree](start: Int)(body: => T): T =
    atPosOpt(start = start, end = auto)(body)
  @inline
  def autoEndPos[T <: Tree](start: StartPos)(body: => T): T = autoEndPos(start.startTokenPos)(body)
  @inline
  def autoPrevPos[T <: Tree](body: => T) = autoEndPos(prevTokenPos)(body)

  def autoPosTry[T <: Tree](body: => Try[T]): Try[T] =
    atPosTry(start = auto, end = auto)(body)

  /* ------------- ERROR HANDLING ------------------------------------------- */

  final lazy val reporter = Reporter()
  import this.reporter._

  implicit class XtensionToken(token: Token) {
    def is[T: ClassTag] = {
      classTag[T].runtimeClass.isAssignableFrom(token.getClass())
    }
  }

  def syntaxErrorExpected[T <: Token: ClassTag]: Nothing = {
    val expected = classTag[T].runtimeClass.getSimpleName match {
      case "Semicolon" => ";"
      case "Hash" => "#"
      case "Colon" => ":"
      case "Viewbound" => "<%"
      case "LeftArrow" => "<-"
      case "Subtype" => "<:"
      case "Equals" => "="
      case "RightArrow" => "=>"
      case "Supertype" => ">:"
      case "At" => "@"
      case "Underscore" => "_"
      case "TypeLambdaArrow" => "=>>"
      case "ContextArrow" => "?=>"
      case "MacroQuote" => "'"
      case "MacroSplice" => "$"
      case "LeftParen" => "("
      case "RightParen" => ")"
      case "Comma" => ","
      case "Dot" => "."
      case "LeftBracket" => "["
      case "RightBracket" => "]"
      case "LeftBrace" => "{"
      case "RightBrace" => "}"
      case "Ident" => "identifier"
      case "EOF" => "end of file"
      case "BOF" => "beginning of file"
      case other => other.toLowerCase().stripPrefix("kw")
    }
    syntaxError(s"${expected} expected but ${token.name} found", at = token)
  }
  def expect[T <: Token: ClassTag]: Unit = if (!token.is[T]) syntaxErrorExpected[T]

  /** Consume one token of the specified type, or signal an error if it is not there. */
  def accept[T <: Token: ClassTag]: Unit = {
    expect[T]
    if (token.isNot[EOF]) next()
  }

  /** If current token is T consume it. */
  @inline private def acceptOpt[T: ClassTag]: Boolean =
    nextIf(token.is[T])

  /** If current token is T consume it. */
  @inline private def acceptOpt(unapply: Token => Boolean): Boolean =
    nextIf(unapply(token))

  private def acceptIfAfterOpt[A <: Token: ClassTag, B <: Token: ClassTag]: Boolean =
    if (token.is[A]) { next(); true }
    else if (token.is[B] && peekToken.is[A]) { nextTwice(); true }
    else false

  @inline private def acceptIfAfterOptNL[T <: Token: ClassTag]: Boolean =
    acceptIfAfterOpt[T, AtEOL]

  @inline private def acceptAfterOpt[A <: Token: ClassTag, B <: Token: ClassTag]: Unit = {
    if (token.is[B]) next()
    accept[A]
  }

  @inline private def acceptAfterOptNL[T <: Token: ClassTag]: Unit =
    acceptAfterOpt[T, AtEOL]

  def acceptStatSep(): Unit = token match {
    case _: AtEOL => next()
    case t if isEndMarkerIntro(tokenPos) =>
    case _ => accept[Semicolon]
  }
  def acceptStatSepOpt() =
    if (!StatSeqEnd(token))
      acceptStatSep()

  /* ------------- MODIFIER VALIDATOR --------------------------------------- */

  def rejectMod[M <: Mod](
      mods: collection.Iterable[Mod],
      errorMsg: String
  )(implicit tag: ClassTag[M]) = {
    mods.first[M].foreach(m => syntaxError(errorMsg, at = m))
  }

  def rejectModCombination[M1 <: Mod: ClassTag, M2 <: Mod: ClassTag](
      mods: collection.Iterable[Mod],
      culpritOpt: => Option[String] = None
  ) =
    mods.first[M2].foreach(rejectModWith[M1](_, mods, culpritOpt))

  def rejectModWith[M <: Mod: ClassTag](
      m2: Mod,
      mods: collection.Iterable[Mod],
      culpritOpt: => Option[String] = None
  ) = mods.first[M].foreach { m =>
    val errorMsg = Messages.IllegalCombinationModifiers(m, m2)
    val forCulprit = culpritOpt.fold("")(formatCulprit)
    val enrichedErrorMsg = errorMsg + forCulprit
    syntaxError(enrichedErrorMsg, at = m)
  }

  private def formatCulprit(culprit: String): String = s" for: $culprit"

  def onlyAllowedMods[M1 <: Mod, M2 <: Mod](mods: List[Mod], culprit: String)(
      implicit classifier1: Classifier[Mod, M1],
      classifier2: Classifier[Mod, M2]
  ): Unit = {
    onlyAllowedMods(mods, List(classifier1.apply, classifier2.apply), culprit)
  }

  def onlyAllowedMods(mods: List[Mod], matchers: List[Mod => Boolean], culprit: String): Unit = {
    mods
      .foreach {
        case m if matchers.exists(f => f(m)) =>
        case m => syntaxError(s" Invalid modifier ${m}${formatCulprit(culprit)}", at = m)
      }
  }

  def summonClassifierFunc[A, B](implicit v: Classifier[A, B]): A => Boolean = v.apply

  def onlyAcceptMod[M <: Mod: ClassTag, T](
      mods: List[Mod],
      errorMsg: String
  )(implicit classifier: TokenClassifier[T]) =
    onlyAcceptMod[M](classifier.apply)(mods)(errorMsg)

  def onlyAcceptMod[M <: Mod: ClassTag](ok: Token => Boolean)(mods: List[Mod])(errorMsg: String) =
    if (!ok(token)) {
      mods.first[M].foreach(m => syntaxError(errorMsg, at = m))
    }

  class InvalidModCombination[M1 <: Mod, M2 <: Mod](m1: M1, m2: M2) {
    def errorMessage: String = Messages.IllegalCombinationModifiers(m1, m2)
  }

  private implicit val InvalidOpenFinal: InvalidModCombination[Mod.Open, Mod.Final] =
    new InvalidModCombination(Mod.Open(), Mod.Final())
  private implicit val InvalidOpenSealed: InvalidModCombination[Mod.Open, Mod.Sealed] =
    new InvalidModCombination(Mod.Open(), Mod.Sealed())
  private implicit val InvalidCaseImplicit: InvalidModCombination[Mod.Case, Mod.Implicit] =
    new InvalidModCombination(Mod.Case(), Mod.Implicit())
  private implicit val InvalidFinalAbstract: InvalidModCombination[Mod.Final, Mod.Abstract] =
    new InvalidModCombination(Mod.Final(), Mod.Abstract())
  private implicit val InvalidFinalSealed: InvalidModCombination[Mod.Final, Mod.Sealed] =
    new InvalidModCombination(Mod.Final(), Mod.Sealed())
  private implicit val InvalidOverrideAbstract: InvalidModCombination[Mod.Override, Mod.Abstract] =
    new InvalidModCombination(Mod.Override(), Mod.Abstract())
  private implicit val InvalidPrivateProtected: InvalidModCombination[Mod.Private, Mod.Protected] =
    new InvalidModCombination(Mod.Private(Name.Anonymous()), Mod.Protected(Name.Anonymous()))
  private implicit val InvalidProtectedPrivate: InvalidModCombination[Mod.Protected, Mod.Private] =
    new InvalidModCombination(Mod.Protected(Name.Anonymous()), Mod.Private(Name.Anonymous()))

  /* -------------- TOKEN CLASSES ------------------------------------------- */

  private def isIdentAnd(token: Token, pred: String => Boolean): Boolean = token match {
    case Ident(x) => pred(x)
    case _ => false
  }
  def isIdentExcept(except: String) = isIdentAnd(token, _ != except)
  def isIdentOf(tok: Token, name: String) = isIdentAnd(tok, _ == name)
  @inline def isStar: Boolean = isStar(token)
  def isStar(tok: Token): Boolean = isIdentOf(tok, "*")
  def isVarargStarParam(allowRepeated: Boolean) =
    isStar && isVarargParamOnStar(allowRepeated)
  def isVarargParamOnStar(allowRepeated: Boolean) =
    allowRepeated && dialect.allowPostfixStarVarargSplices && peekToken.is[RightParen]

  private trait MacroIdent {
    protected def ident(token: Token): Option[String]
    final def unapply(token: Token): Option[String] =
      if (dialect.allowSpliceAndQuote && QuotedSpliceContext.isInside()) ident(token) else None
  }

  private object MacroSplicedIdent extends MacroIdent {
    protected def ident(token: Token): Option[String] = token match {
      case Ident(value) if value.length > 1 && value.charAt(0) == '$' => Some(value.substring(1))
      case _ => None
    }
  }

  private object MacroQuotedIdent extends MacroIdent {
    protected def ident(token: Token): Option[String] = token match {
      case Constant.Symbol(value) => Some(value.name)
      case _ => None
    }
  }

  /* ---------- TREE CONSTRUCTION ------------------------------------------- */

  private def listBy[T](f: ListBuffer[T] => Unit): List[T] = {
    val buf = new ListBuffer[T]
    f(buf)
    buf.toList
  }

  def ellipsis[T <: Tree: AstInfo: ClassTag](
      ell: Ellipsis,
      rank: Int,
      extraSkip: => Unit = {}
  ): T = {
    if (ell.rank != rank) {
      syntaxError(Messages.QuasiquoteRankMismatch(ell.rank, rank), at = ell)
    }
    ellipsis(ell, extraSkip)
  }

  def ellipsis[T <: Tree: AstInfo: ClassTag](ell: Ellipsis): T with Quasi = ellipsis(ell, {})

  def ellipsis[T <: Tree: AstInfo: ClassTag](
      ell: Ellipsis,
      extraSkip: => Unit
  ): T with Quasi = autoPos {
    if (!dialect.allowUnquotes) {
      syntaxError(s"$dialect doesn't support ellipses", at = ell)
    }
    next()
    extraSkip
    // unquote returns a rank=0 quasi tree
    val tree = token match {
      case LeftParen() => inParensOnOpen(unquote[T])
      case LeftBrace() => inBracesOnOpen(unquote[T])
      case t: Unquote => unquote[T](t)
      case t => syntaxError(s"$$, ( or { expected but ${t.name} found", at = t)
    }
    // NOTE: In the case of an unquote nested directly under ellipsis, we get a bit of a mixup.
    // Unquote's pt may not be directly equal unwrapped ellipsis's pt, but be its refinement instead.
    // For example, in `new { ..$stats }`, ellipsis's pt is List[Stat], but quasi's pt is Term.
    // This is an artifact of the current implementation, so we just need to keep it mind and work around it.
    assert(
      classTag[T].runtimeClass.isAssignableFrom(tree.pt),
      s"ellipsis: ${ell},\ntree: ${tree},\nstructure: ${tree.structure}"
    )
    quasi[T](ell.rank, tree)
  }

  private def unquote[T <: Tree: AstInfo](unquote: Unquote): T with Quasi = {
    require(unquote.input.chars(unquote.start + 1) != '$')
    val unquoteDialect = dialect.unquoteParentDialect
    if (null eq unquoteDialect) {
      syntaxError(s"$dialect doesn't support unquotes", at = unquote)
    }
    // NOTE: I considered having Input.Slice produce absolute positions from the get-go,
    // but then such positions wouldn't be usable with Input.Slice.chars.
    val unquotedTree = atCurPosNext {
      try {
        val unquoteInput = Input.Slice(input, unquote.start + 1, unquote.end)
        val unquoteParser = new ScalametaParser(unquoteInput)(unquoteDialect)
        if (dialect.allowTermUnquotes) unquoteParser.parseUnquoteTerm()
        else if (dialect.allowPatUnquotes) unquoteParser.parseUnquotePat()
        else unreachable
      } catch {
        case ex: Exception => throw ex.absolutize
      }
    }
    copyPos(unquotedTree)(quasi[T](0, unquotedTree))
  }

  def unquote[T <: Tree: AstInfo]: T with Quasi =
    token match {
      case t: Unquote => unquote[T](t)
      case _ => unreachable(token)
    }

  final def tokenSeparated[Sep: ClassTag, T <: Tree: AstInfo: ClassTag](
      sepFirst: Boolean,
      part: Int => T
  ): List[T] = listBy[T] { ts =>
    @tailrec
    def iter(sep: Boolean): Unit = token match {
      case t: Ellipsis =>
        ts += ellipsis[T](t, 1)
        iter(false)
      case _ if sep =>
        ts += part(ts.length)
        iter(false)
      case _ if acceptOpt[Sep] =>
        iter(true)
      case _ =>
    }
    iter(!sepFirst)
  }

  @inline final def commaSeparated[T <: Tree: AstInfo: ClassTag](part: => T): List[T] =
    commaSeparatedWithIndex(_ => part)

  @inline final def commaSeparatedWithIndex[T <: Tree: AstInfo: ClassTag](part: Int => T): List[T] =
    tokenSeparated[Comma, T](sepFirst = false, part)

  private def makeTuple[A <: Tree](lpPos: Int, body: List[A], zero: => A, tuple: List[A] => A)(
      single: A => Either[List[A], A]
  ): A = body match {
    case Nil => autoEndPos(lpPos)(zero)
    case (q: Quasi) :: Nil if q.rank == 1 => copyPos(q)(tuple(body))
    case t :: Nil =>
      single(t) match {
        case Right(x) => x
        case Left(x) => autoEndPos(lpPos)(tuple(x))
      }
    case _ => autoEndPos(lpPos)(tuple(body))
  }

  private def makeTupleTerm(
      single: Term => Either[List[Term], Term]
  )(lpPos: Int, body: List[Term]): Term = {
    makeTuple(lpPos, body, Lit.Unit(), Term.Tuple.apply)(single)
  }

  private def makeTupleTerm(lpPos: Int, body: List[Term]): Term = {
    makeTupleTerm(Right(_))(lpPos, body)
  }

  private def makeTupleType(lpPos: Int, body: List[Type], zero: => Type, wrap: Boolean): Type = {
    makeTuple(lpPos, body, zero, Type.Tuple.apply) {
      maybeAnonymousLambda(_) match {
        case t: Type.Tuple if wrap && t.args.lengthCompare(1) > 0 => Left(t :: Nil)
        case t => Right(t)
      }
    }
  }

  private def makeTupleType(lpPos: Int, body: List[Type]): Type = {
    def invalidLiteralUnitType =
      syntaxError("illegal literal type (), use Unit instead", at = token.pos)
    makeTupleType(lpPos, body, invalidLiteralUnitType, wrap = false)
  }

  private def inParensOrTupleOrUnitExpr(allowRepeated: Boolean): Term = {
    val lpPos = tokenPos
    val maybeTupleArgs = inParensOnOpenOr(
      commaSeparated(expr(location = PostfixStat, allowRepeated = allowRepeated))
    )(Nil)
    if (maybeTupleArgs.lengthCompare(1) > 0) maybeTupleArgs.foreach {
      case arg: Term.Repeated =>
        syntaxError("repeated argument not allowed here", at = arg.tokens.last)
      case _ =>
    }
    makeTupleTerm(x => Right(maybeAnonymousFunction(x)))(lpPos, maybeTupleArgs)
  }

  /* -------- IDENTIFIERS AND LITERALS ------------------------------------------- */

  /**
   * Methods which implicitly propagate the context in which they were called: either in a pattern
   * context or not. Formerly, this was threaded through numerous methods as boolean isPattern.
   */
  trait PatternContextSensitive {
    private def tupleInfixType(allowFunctionType: Boolean = true): Type = autoPosOpt {
      // NOTE: This is a really hardcore disambiguation caused by introduction of Type.Method.
      // We need to accept `(T, U) => W`, `(x: T): x.U` and also support unquoting.
      var hasParams = false
      var hasImplicits = false
      var hasTypes = false

      @tailrec
      def paramOrType(modsBuf: mutable.Builder[Mod, List[Mod]]): Type = token match {
        case t: Ellipsis =>
          ellipsis[Type](t)
        case t: Unquote =>
          unquote[Type](t)
        case KwImplicit() if !hasImplicits =>
          next()
          hasImplicits = true
          paramOrType(modsBuf)
        case t: Ident if tryAhead[Colon] =>
          if (hasTypes)
            syntaxError(
              "can't mix function type and dependent function type syntaxes",
              at = token
            )
          hasParams = true
          val startPos = prevTokenPos
          next() // skip colon
          val mods = modsBuf.result()
          val modPos = if (mods.isEmpty) startPos else mods.head.startTokenPos
          val name = atPos(startPos)(Type.Name(t.value))
          autoEndPos(modPos)(Type.TypedParam(name, typ(), mods))
        case soft.KwErased() if allowFunctionType =>
          paramOrType(modsBuf += atCurPosNext(Mod.Erased()))
        case _ =>
          if (hasParams)
            syntaxError(
              "can't mix function type and dependent function type syntaxes",
              at = token
            )
          hasTypes = true
          val mods = modsBuf.result()
          val tpe = paramType()
          if (mods.isEmpty) tpe else autoEndPos(mods.head)(Type.FunctionArg(mods, tpe))
      }

      val openParenPos = tokenPos
      val ts = inParensOr(commaSeparated(paramOrType(List.newBuilder[Mod])))(Nil)
      // NOTE: can't have this, because otherwise we run into #312
      // newLineOptWhenFollowedBy[LeftParen]

      if (hasParams && !dialect.allowDependentFunctionTypes)
        syntaxError("dependent function types are not supported", at = token)
      if (!hasTypes && !hasImplicits && token.is[LeftParen]) {
        val message = "can't have multiple parameter lists in function types"
        syntaxError(message, at = token)
      }

      def maybeFunc = getAfterOptNewLine(token match {
        case _: RightArrow => Some(typeFuncOnArrow(openParenPos, ts, Type.Function(_, _)))
        case _: ContextArrow => Some(typeFuncOnArrow(openParenPos, ts, Type.ContextFunction(_, _)))
        case _ => None
      })
      (if (allowFunctionType) maybeFunc else None).getOrElse {
        ts.find {
          case _: Type.ByName | _: Type.Repeated => true
          case t: Type.FunctionParamOrArg => t.mods.nonEmpty
          case _ => false
        }.foreach { t =>
          syntaxError(s"'${t.productPrefix}' type not allowed here", at = t)
        }
        val simple = simpleTypeRest(makeTupleType(openParenPos, ts), openParenPos)
        val compound = compoundTypeRest(annotTypeRest(simple, openParenPos), openParenPos)
        infixTypeRest(compound) match {
          case `compound` => compound
          case t => autoEndPos(openParenPos)(t)
        }
      }
    }

    private def typeLambdaOrPoly(): Type = {
      val quants = typeParamClauseOpt(ownerIsType = true, ctxBoundsAllowed = false)
      newLineOpt()
      token match {
        case _: TypeLambdaArrow => next(); Type.Lambda(quants, typeIndentedOpt())
        case t: RightArrow =>
          next()
          typeIndentedOpt() match {
            case tpe: Type.FunctionType => Type.PolyFunction(quants, tpe)
            case _ => syntaxError("polymorphic function types must have a value parameter", at = t)
          }
        case t => syntaxError("expected =>> or =>", at = t)
      }
    }

    def typeIndentedOpt(): Type = {
      if (acceptOpt[Indentation.Indent]) {
        indentedAfterOpen(typ())
      } else {
        typ()
      }
    }

    def typ(): Type = autoPosOpt {
      val startPos = tokenPos
      val t: Type =
        if (token.is[LeftBracket] && dialect.allowTypeLambdas) typeLambdaOrPoly()
        else infixTypeOrTuple()

      getAfterOptNewLine(token match {
        case RightArrow() => Some(typeFuncOnArrow(startPos, t :: Nil, Type.Function(_, _)))
        case ContextArrow() => Some(typeFuncOnArrow(startPos, t :: Nil, Type.ContextFunction(_, _)))
        case _: KwForsome => next(); Some(Type.Existential(t, existentialStats()))
        case _: KwMatch if dialect.allowTypeMatch => next(); Some(Type.Match(t, typeCaseClauses()))
        case _ => None
      }).getOrElse(t)
    }

    def typeBlock(): Type =
      // TypeBlock, https://dotty.epfl.ch/docs/internals/syntax.html#expressions-3
      if (dialect.allowQuotedTypeVariables && token.is[KwType]) autoPos {
        val typeDefs = listBy[Stat.TypeDef] { buf =>
          @tailrec def iter(): Unit = {
            buf += typeDefOrDcl(Nil)
            if (StatSep(token)) {
              next()
              if (token.is[KwType]) iter()
            }
          }
          iter()
        }
        Type.Block(typeDefs, typ())
      }
      else typ()

    private def typeFuncOnArrow(
        paramPos: Int,
        params: List[Type],
        ctor: (Type.FuncParamClause, Type) => Type.FunctionType
    ): Type.FunctionType = {
      val funcParams = autoEndPos(paramPos)(params.reduceWith(Type.FuncParamClause.apply))
      next()
      ctor(funcParams, typeIndentedOpt())
    }

    def typeCaseClauses(): List[TypeCase] = {
      def cases() = listBy[TypeCase] { allCases =>
        while (token.is[KwCase]) {
          allCases += typeCaseClause()
          newLinesOpt()
        }
      }
      if (acceptOpt[LeftBrace])
        inBracesAfterOpen(cases())
      else if (acceptOpt[Indentation.Indent])
        indentedAfterOpen(cases())
      else {
        syntaxError("Expected braces or indentation", at = token.pos)
      }

    }

    def typeCaseClause(): TypeCase = autoPos {
      accept[KwCase]
      val pat = infixTypeOrTuple(inMatchType = true)
      accept[RightArrow]
      val tpe = typeIndentedOpt()
      TypeCase(
        pat,
        tpe
      )
    }

    def quasiquoteType(): Type = entrypointType()

    def entrypointType(): Type = paramType()

    def typeArgs(): Type.ArgClause =
      TypeBracketsContext.within(autoPos(inBrackets(types()).reduceWith(Type.ArgClause.apply)))

    def infixTypeOrTuple(inMatchType: Boolean = false): Type = {
      if (token.is[LeftParen]) tupleInfixType(allowFunctionType = !inMatchType)
      else infixType(inMatchType = inMatchType)
    }

    @inline def infixType(inMatchType: Boolean = false): Type = maybeAnonymousLambda(
      infixTypeRest(compoundType(inMatchType = inMatchType), inMatchType = inMatchType)
    )

    @inline
    private def infixTypeRest(t: Type, inMatchType: Boolean = false): Type =
      if (dialect.useInfixTypePrecedence)
        infixTypeRestWithPrecedence(t, inMatchType = inMatchType)
      else
        infixTypeRestWithMode(
          t,
          InfixMode.FirstOp,
          t.startTokenPos,
          identity,
          inMatchType = inMatchType
        )

    @tailrec
    private final def infixTypeRestWithMode(
        t: Type,
        mode: InfixMode.Value,
        startPos: Int,
        f: Type => Type,
        inMatchType: Boolean = false
    ): Type = {
      @inline def verifyLeftAssoc(at: Tree, leftAssoc: Boolean = true) =
        if (mode != InfixMode.FirstOp) checkAssoc(at, leftAssoc, mode == InfixMode.LeftOp)
      token match {
        case Ident("*") if (peekToken match {
              case _: RightParen | _: Comma | _: Equals | _: RightBrace | _: EOF => true
              case _ => false
            }) => // we assume that this is a type specification for a vararg parameter
          f(t)
        case _: Ident | _: Unquote =>
          val op = typeName()
          val leftAssoc = op.isLeftAssoc
          verifyLeftAssoc(op, leftAssoc)
          newLineOptWhenFollowedBy(TypeIntro(_))
          val typ = compoundType(inMatchType = inMatchType)
          def mkOp(t1: Type) = atPos(startPos, t1)(Type.ApplyInfix(t, op, t1))
          if (leftAssoc)
            infixTypeRestWithMode(
              mkOp(typ),
              InfixMode.LeftOp,
              startPos,
              f,
              inMatchType = inMatchType
            )
          else
            infixTypeRestWithMode(
              typ,
              InfixMode.RightOp,
              typ.startTokenPos,
              f.compose(mkOp),
              inMatchType = inMatchType
            )
        case _ =>
          f(t)
      }
    }

    private final def infixTypeRestWithPrecedence(t: Type, inMatchType: Boolean = false): Type = {
      val ctx = TypeInfixContext
      val base = ctx.stack
      @inline def reduce(rhs: ctx.Typ, op: Option[ctx.Op]): ctx.Typ =
        ctx.reduceStack(base, rhs, rhs, op)
      def getNextRhs(op: ctx.Op, rhs: ctx.Typ): ctx.Typ = {
        newLineOptWhenFollowedBy(TypeIntro(_))
        ctx.push(ctx.UnfinishedInfix(reduce(rhs, Some(op)), op))
        compoundType(inMatchType = inMatchType)
      }
      @tailrec
      def loop(rhs: ctx.Typ): ctx.Typ = token match {
        case Ident("*") if (peekToken match {
              case _: RightParen | _: Comma | _: Equals | _: RightBrace | _: EOF => true
              case _ => false
            }) => // we assume that this is a type specification for a vararg parameter
          reduce(rhs, None)
        case _: Ident | _: Unquote =>
          loop(getNextRhs(typeName(), rhs))
        case _ =>
          tryGetNextInfixOpIfLeading(Type.Name.apply) match {
            case Some(op) => loop(getNextRhs(op, rhs))
            case _ => reduce(rhs, None)
          }
      }
      loop(t)
    }

    def compoundType(inMatchType: Boolean = false): Type = {
      refinement(innerType = None).getOrElse {
        val startPos = tokenPos
        compoundTypeRest(annotType(startPos, inMatchType = inMatchType), startPos)
      }
    }

    def compoundTypeRest(typ: Type, startPos: Int): Type = {
      @tailrec
      def gatherWithTypes(previousType: Type): Type = {
        refinement(Some(previousType)) match {
          /* Indentation means a refinement and we cannot join
           * refinements this way so stop looping.
           */
          case None | Some(`previousType`) =>
            if (acceptOpt[KwWith]) {
              val rhs = annotType()
              val t = autoEndPos(startPos)(Type.With(previousType, rhs))
              gatherWithTypes(t)
            } else {
              previousType
            }
          case Some(t) => t
        }
      }

      gatherWithTypes(typ)
    }

    def annotType(inMatchType: Boolean = false): Type =
      annotType(tokenPos, inMatchType = inMatchType)

    private def annotType(startPos: Int, inMatchType: Boolean): Type =
      annotTypeRest(simpleType(inMatchType = inMatchType), startPos)

    def annotTypeRest(t: Type, startPos: Int): Type = {
      val annots = ScalametaParser.this.annots(skipNewLines = false)
      if (annots.isEmpty) t
      else autoEndPos(startPos)(Type.Annotate(t, annots))
    }

    def simpleType(inMatchType: Boolean = false): Type = {
      val startPos = tokenPos
      def wildcardType(): Type = {
        next()
        Type.Wildcard(typeBounds())
      }
      def anonymousParamWithVariant(value: String): Type = {
        val variant = if (value(0) == '+') Mod.Covariant() else Mod.Contravariant()
        Type.AnonymousParam(Some(atPos(startPos)(variant)))
      }
      def pathSimpleType(): Type = {
        val ref = path()
        if (token.isNot[Dot]) {
          ref match {
            case q: Quasi =>
              q.become[Type]
            case Term.Select(qual: Term.Quasi, name: Term.Name.Quasi) =>
              val newQual = qual.become[Term.Ref]
              val newName = name.become[Type.Name]
              Type.Select(newQual, newName)
            case Term.Select(qual: Term.Ref, name) =>
              val newName = name.becomeOr(x => copyPos(x)(Type.Name(x.value)))
              Type.Select(qual, newName)
            case name: Term.Name =>
              Type.Name(name.value)
            case _ =>
              syntaxError("identifier expected", at = ref)
          }
        } else {
          next()
          accept[KwType]
          Type.Singleton(ref.become[Term.Ref])
        }
      }
      val res = token match {
        case _: Ident if peekToken.is[Dot] => pathSimpleType()
        case LeftParen() => makeTupleType(startPos, inParensOnOpen(types()))
        case MacroSplicedIdent(ident) =>
          Type.Macro(macroSplicedIdent(ident))
        case MacroSplice() =>
          Type.Macro(macroSplice())
        case _: Underscore if inMatchType =>
          next(); Type.PatWildcard()
        case _: Underscore
            if dialect.allowUnderscoreAsTypePlaceholder ||
              dialect.allowTypeLambdas && !PatternTypeContext.isInside() &&
              TypeBracketsContext.isDeeper(1) && !peekToken.isAny[Supertype, Subtype] =>
          next(); Type.AnonymousParam(None)
        case _: Underscore =>
          wildcardType()
        case Ident("?") if !inMatchType && dialect.allowQuestionMarkAsTypeWildcard =>
          wildcardType()
        case Ident("*") if !inMatchType && dialect.allowStarAsTypePlaceholder =>
          next(); Type.AnonymousParam(None)
        case Ident(value @ ("-*" | "+*")) if !inMatchType && dialect.allowStarAsTypePlaceholder =>
          next(); anonymousParamWithVariant(value)
        case Ident(value @ ("+" | "-"))
            if (dialect.allowPlusMinusUnderscoreAsIdent || dialect.allowUnderscoreAsTypePlaceholder) &&
              !inMatchType && tryAhead[Underscore] =>
          next() // Ident and Underscore
          if (dialect.allowUnderscoreAsTypePlaceholder)
            anonymousParamWithVariant(value)
          else
            Type.Name(s"${value}_")
        case _: Literal =>
          if (dialect.allowLiteralTypes) literal()
          else syntaxError(s"$dialect doesn't support literal types", at = path())
        case Unary.Numeric(unary) if dialect.allowLiteralTypes && tryAhead[NumericConstant[_]] =>
          numericLiteral(prevTokenPos, unary)
        case _ => pathSimpleType()
      }
      simpleTypeRest(autoEndPosOpt(startPos)(res), startPos)
    }

    @tailrec
    private final def simpleTypeRest(t: Type, startPos: Int): Type = token match {
      case Hash() =>
        next()
        simpleTypeRest(autoEndPos(startPos)(Type.Project(t, typeName())), startPos)
      case LeftBracket() =>
        simpleTypeRest(autoEndPos(startPos)(Type.Apply(t, typeArgs())), startPos)
      case _ => t
    }

    def types(): List[Type] = commaSeparated(typ())

    def patternTyp(allowInfix: Boolean, allowImmediateTypevars: Boolean): Type = {
      def setPos(outerTpe: Type)(innerTpe: Type): Type =
        if (innerTpe eq outerTpe) outerTpe else copyPos(outerTpe)(innerTpe)

      def convertFuncParamClause(tree: Type.FuncParamClause): Type.FuncParamClause = tree match {
        case t: Quasi => t
        case t: Type.FuncParamClause =>
          copyPos(t)(Type.FuncParamClause(t.values.map(loop(_, convertTypevars = true))))
      }

      def loop(outerTpe: Type, convertTypevars: Boolean): Type = setPos(outerTpe)(outerTpe match {
        case q: Quasi =>
          q
        case tpe @ Type.Name(value) if convertTypevars && value(0).isLower =>
          Type.Var(tpe)
        case tpe: Type.Name =>
          tpe
        case tpe: Type.Select =>
          tpe
        case Type.Project(qual, name) =>
          val qual1 = loop(qual, convertTypevars = false)
          val name1 = name
          Type.Project(qual1, name1)
        case tpe: Type.Singleton =>
          tpe
        case t: Type.Apply =>
          val underlying1 = loop(t.tpe, convertTypevars = false)
          val args1 = t.argClause match {
            case q: Type.ArgClause.Quasi => q
            case x: Type.ArgClause =>
              copyPos(x)(Type.ArgClause(x.values.map(loop(_, convertTypevars = true))))
          }
          Type.Apply(underlying1, args1)
        case Type.ApplyInfix(lhs, op, rhs) =>
          val lhs1 = loop(lhs, convertTypevars = false)
          val op1 = op
          val rhs1 = loop(rhs, convertTypevars = false)
          Type.ApplyInfix(lhs1, op1, rhs1)
        case t: Type.ContextFunction =>
          val params1 = convertFuncParamClause(t.paramClause)
          val res1 = loop(t.res, convertTypevars = false)
          Type.ContextFunction(params1, res1)
        case t: Type.Function =>
          val params1 = convertFuncParamClause(t.paramClause)
          val res1 = loop(t.res, convertTypevars = false)
          Type.Function(params1, res1)
        case t: Type.PolyFunction =>
          val res1 = loop(t.tpe, convertTypevars = false)
          Type.PolyFunction(t.tparamClause, res1)
        case Type.Tuple(elements) =>
          val elements1 = elements.map(loop(_, convertTypevars = true))
          Type.Tuple(elements1)
        case Type.With(lhs, rhs) =>
          val lhs1 = loop(lhs, convertTypevars = false)
          val rhs1 = loop(rhs, convertTypevars = false)
          Type.With(lhs1, rhs1)
        case Type.Refine(tpe, stats) =>
          val tpe1 = tpe.map(loop(_, convertTypevars = false))
          val stats1 = stats
          Type.Refine(tpe1, stats1)
        case Type.Existential(underlying, stats) =>
          val underlying1 = loop(underlying, convertTypevars = false)
          val stats1 = stats
          Type.Existential(underlying1, stats1)
        case Type.Annotate(underlying, annots) =>
          val underlying1 = loop(underlying, convertTypevars = false)
          val annots1 = annots
          Type.Annotate(underlying1, annots1)
        case t: Type.Wildcard =>
          Type.Wildcard(t.bounds)
        case t: Type.AnonymousLambda =>
          Type.AnonymousLambda(loop(t.tpe, convertTypevars = false))
        case t: Type.AnonymousParam =>
          Type.AnonymousParam(t.variant)
        case t: Type.Placeholder =>
          val bounds1 = t.bounds
          Type.Placeholder(bounds1)
        case tpe: Lit =>
          tpe
      })
      val t: Type = PatternTypeContext.within {
        if (allowInfix) {
          val t = if (token.is[LeftParen]) tupleInfixType() else compoundType()
          token match {
            case KwForsome() => next(); copyPos(t)(Type.Existential(t, existentialStats()))
            case Ident("|") => t
            case _: Unquote | _: Ident => infixTypeRest(t)
            case _ => t
          }
        } else {
          compoundType()
        }
      }
      loop(t, convertTypevars = allowImmediateTypevars)
    }

    def patternTypeArgs() = autoPos(inBrackets(commaSeparated {
      patternTyp(allowInfix = true, allowImmediateTypevars = true)
    }).reduceWith(Type.ArgClause.apply))
  }

  private trait AllowedName[T]
  private object AllowedName {
    implicit object AllowedTermName extends AllowedName[Term.Name]
    implicit object AllowedTypeName extends AllowedName[Type.Name]
  }

  private def identName[T <: Tree](ident: Ident, ctor: String => T): T =
    atCurPosNext(ctor(ident.value))
  private def name[T <: Tree: AllowedName: AstInfo](ctor: String => T): T =
    token match {
      case t: Ident =>
        identName(t, ctor)
      case t: Unquote =>
        unquote[T](t)
      case _ =>
        syntaxErrorExpected[Ident]
    }

  def termName(): Term.Name = name(Term.Name(_))
  def typeName(): Type.Name = name(Type.Name(_))
  private def termName(t: Ident): Term.Name = identName(t, Term.Name.apply)
  private def typeName(t: Ident): Type.Name = identName(t, Type.Name.apply)
  @inline private def anonNameEmpty(): Name.Anonymous = autoPos(Name.Anonymous())
  @inline private def nameThis(): Name.This = atCurPosNext(Name.This())
  @inline private def namePlaceholder(): Name.Placeholder = atCurPosNext(Name.Placeholder())
  private def anonThis(): Term.This = atCurPosNext(Term.This(anonNameEmpty()))

  def path(thisOK: Boolean = true): Term.Ref = {
    val startsAtBof = prevToken.is[BOF]
    def afterDot[A <: Term.Ref](ref: A)(f: PartialFunction[Token, A => Term.Ref]): Term.Ref =
      if (!token.is[Dot]) ref
      else f.lift(peekToken) match { case Some(f) => next(); f(ref); case _ => ref }
    @inline def maybeSelectors(ref: Term.Ref): Term.Ref =
      afterDot(ref) { case _: Ident | _: Unquote => selectors }
    def getThis(name: Name): Term.Ref = {
      val thisp = autoEndPos(name)(Term.This(name))
      if (thisOK) maybeSelectors(thisp)
      else {
        accept[Dot]
        selectors(thisp)
      }
    }
    def getSuper(name: Name): Term.Ref = {
      val superp = autoEndPos(name)(Term.Super(name, mixinQualifier()))
      if (startsAtBof && dialect.allowUnquotes && token.is[EOF]) superp
      else {
        accept[Dot]
        maybeSelectors(autoEndPos(name)(Term.Select(superp, termName())))
      }
    }
    def getAnonQual(): Name =
      try anonNameEmpty()
      finally next()
    def getQual(name: Term.Name): Name = {
      next()
      name.becomeOr[Name](x => copyPos(x)(Name.Indeterminate(x.value)))
    }
    token match {
      case _: KwThis => getThis(getAnonQual())
      case _: KwSuper => getSuper(getAnonQual())
      case _ =>
        afterDot(termName()) {
          case _: KwThis => x => getThis(getQual(x))
          case _: KwSuper => x => getSuper(getQual(x))
          case _: Ident | _: Unquote => x => selectors(x.become[Term])
        }
    }
  }

  def selector(t: Term, startPos: Int): Term.Select =
    autoEndPos(startPos)(Term.Select(t, termName()))
  @tailrec
  private final def selectors(t: Term, startPos: Int): Term.Ref = {
    val t1 = selector(t, startPos)
    if (token.is[Dot] && tryAhead[Ident])
      selectors(t1, startPos)
    else t1
  }
  private final def selectors(t: Term): Term.Ref =
    selectors(t, t.startTokenPos)

  def mixinQualifier(): Name = {
    if (acceptOpt[LeftBracket]) {
      inBracketsAfterOpen {
        typeName().becomeOr[Name](x => copyPos(x)(Name.Indeterminate(x.value)))
      }
    } else {
      anonNameEmpty()
    }
  }

  def stableId(): Term.Ref =
    path(thisOK = false)

  def qualId(): Term.Ref = {
    val name = termName().become[Term.Ref]
    if (acceptOpt[Dot]) selectors(name) else name
  }

  private def numericLiteral(startPos: Int, unary: Unary.Numeric): Lit = {
    val number = token.asInstanceOf[NumericConstant[_]]
    next()
    autoEndPos(startPos)(numericLiteralAt(number, unary))
  }

  private def numericLiteralAt(token: NumericConstant[_], unary: Unary.Numeric): Lit = {
    def getBigInt(tok: NumericConstant[BigInt], dec: BigInt, hex: BigInt, typ: String) = {
      // decimal never starts with `0` as octal was removed in 2.11; "hex" includes `0x` or `0b`
      // non-decimal literals allow signed overflow within unsigned range
      val max = if (tok.text(0) != '0') dec else hex
      // token value is always positive as it doesn't take into account a sign
      val value = tok.value
      val result = unary(value)
      if (result.signum < 0) {
        if (value > max) syntaxError(s"integer number too small for $typ", at = tok)
      } else {
        if (value >= max) syntaxError(s"integer number too large for $typ", at = tok)
      }
      result
    }
    def getBigDecimal(tok: NumericConstant[BigDecimal]) =
      unary(tok.value)
        .getOrElse(syntaxError(s"bad unary op `${unary.op}` for floating-point", at = tok))
    token match {
      case tok: Constant.Int =>
        Lit.Int(getBigInt(tok, bigIntMaxInt, bigIntMaxUInt, "Int").intValue)
      case tok: Constant.Long =>
        Lit.Long(getBigInt(tok, bigIntMaxLong, bigIntMaxULong, "Long").longValue)
      case tok: Constant.Float =>
        Lit.Float(getBigDecimal(tok))
      case tok: Constant.Double =>
        Lit.Double(getBigDecimal(tok))
      case t => unreachable(t)
    }
  }

  def literal(): Lit = atCurPosNext(token match {
    case number: NumericConstant[_] => numericLiteralAt(number, Unary.Noop)
    case Constant.Char(value) => Lit.Char(value)
    case Constant.String(value) => Lit.String(value)
    case t: Constant.Symbol =>
      if (dialect.allowSymbolLiterals) Lit.Symbol(t.value)
      else syntaxError("Symbol literals are no longer allowed", at = t)
    case x: BooleanConstant => Lit.Boolean(x.value)
    case _: KwNull => Lit.Null()
    case t => unreachable(t)
  })

  private def interpolateWith[Ctx, Ret <: Tree](
      arg: => Ctx,
      result: (Term.Name, List[Lit], List[Ctx]) => Ret
  ): Ret = autoPos {
    val partsBuf = new ListBuffer[Lit]
    val argsBuf = new ListBuffer[Ctx]
    @tailrec
    def loop(): Unit = token match {
      case Interpolation.Part(value) =>
        partsBuf += atCurPos(Lit.String(value))
        next()
        loop()
      case Interpolation.SpliceStart() =>
        next()
        argsBuf += arg
        accept[Interpolation.SpliceEnd]
        loop()
      case _ =>
    }
    val interpolator = atCurPos(token match {
      case Interpolation.Id(value) => next(); Term.Name(value)
      case _ => syntaxErrorExpected[Interpolation.Id]
    })
    accept[Interpolation.Start]
    loop()
    accept[Interpolation.End]
    result(interpolator, partsBuf.toList, argsBuf.toList)
  }

  private def xmlWith[Ctx, Ret <: Tree](
      arg: => Ctx,
      result: (List[Lit], List[Ctx]) => Ret
  ): Ret = autoPos {
    val partsBuf = new ListBuffer[Lit]
    val argsBuf = new ListBuffer[Ctx]
    @tailrec
    def loop(): Unit = token match {
      case Xml.Part(value) =>
        partsBuf += atCurPos(Lit.String(value))
        next()
        loop()
      case Xml.SpliceStart() =>
        next()
        argsBuf += arg
        accept[Xml.SpliceEnd]
        loop()
      case _ =>
    }
    accept[Xml.Start]
    loop()
    accept[Xml.End]
    result(partsBuf.toList, argsBuf.toList)
  }

  def interpolateTerm(): Term.Interpolate =
    interpolateWith(unquoteExpr(), Term.Interpolate.apply)

  def xmlTerm(): Term.Xml =
    xmlWith(unquoteExpr(), Term.Xml.apply)

  def interpolatePat(): Pat.Interpolate =
    interpolateWith(unquotePattern(), Pat.Interpolate.apply)

  def xmlPat(): Pat.Xml =
    xmlWith(unquoteSeqPattern(), Pat.Xml.apply)

  /* ------------- NEW LINES ------------------------------------------------- */

  @inline
  def newLineOpt(): Unit = {
    if (token.is[EOL]) next()
  }

  @inline
  def newLinesOpt(): Unit = {
    if (token.is[AtEOL]) next()
  }

  def newLineOptWhenFollowedBy(unapply: Token => Boolean): Unit = {
    token.is[EOL] && tryAhead(unapply(token))
  }

  def newLineOptWhenFollowedBy[T: ClassTag]: Unit = {
    token.is[EOL] && tryAhead[T]
  }

  def newLineOptWhenFollowedBySignificantIndentationAnd(cond: Token => Boolean): Boolean = {
    nextIf(in.indenting && cond(peekToken))
  }

  def isAfterOptNewLine[T: ClassTag]: Boolean = {
    if (token.is[EOL]) tryAhead[T] else token.is[T]
  }

  def isAfterOptNewLine(body: Token => Boolean): Boolean = {
    if (token.is[EOL]) tryAhead(body(token)) else body(token)
  }

  def getAfterOptNewLine[A](body: => Option[A]): Option[A] = {
    if (token.is[EOL]) tryAhead(body) else body
  }

  /* ------------- TYPES ---------------------------------------------------- */

  def typedOpt(): Option[Type] =
    if (acceptOpt[Colon]) Some {
      if (token.is[At] && peekToken.is[Ident]) {
        val startPos = tokenPos
        outPattern.annotTypeRest(autoEndPos(startPos)(Type.AnonymousName()), startPos)
      } else {
        typ()
      }
    }
    else None

  private def getDeclTpeOpt(fullTypeOK: Boolean): Option[Type] =
    if (acceptOpt[Colon]) Some(typeOrInfixType(fullTypeOK)) else None

  private def typeOrInfixType(fullTypeOK: Boolean): Type =
    if (fullTypeOK) typ() else startInfixType()

  @inline
  private def typeOrInfixType(location: Location): Type =
    typeOrInfixType(location.fullTypeOK)

  /* ----------- EXPRESSIONS ------------------------------------------------ */

  def condExpr(): Term = inParens(expr())

  def expr(): Term = expr(location = NoStat, allowRepeated = false)

  def quasiquoteExpr(): Term = expr(location = NoStat, allowRepeated = true)

  def entrypointExpr(): Term = expr(location = NoStat, allowRepeated = false)

  def unquoteExpr(): Term =
    token match {
      case t: Ident => termName(t)
      case _: LeftBrace => expr(location = UnquoteStat, allowRepeated = true)
      case _: KwThis => anonThis()
      case _ =>
        syntaxError(
          "error in interpolated string: identifier, `this' or block expected",
          at = token
        )
    }

  private def tryAcceptWithOptLF[T: ClassTag]: Boolean = {
    acceptOpt[T] || {
      val ok = token.is[EOL] && tryAhead[T]
      if (ok) next()
      ok
    }
  }

  /**
   * Deals with Scala 3 concept of {{{inline x match { ...}}}. Since matches can also be chained in
   * Scala 3 we need to create the Match first and only then add the the inline modifier.
   */
  def inlineMatchClause(inlineMods: List[Mod]) = {
    autoEndPos(inlineMods)(postfixExpr(allowRepeated = false)) match {
      case t: Term.Match =>
        copyPos(t)(t.fullCopy(mods = inlineMods))
      case other =>
        syntaxError("`inline` must be followed by an `if` or a `match`", at = other.pos)
    }
  }

  private def matchClause(t: Term, startPos: Int) = {
    val cases =
      if (acceptOpt[Indentation.Indent])
        indentedAfterOpen(caseClauses())
      else {
        accept[LeftBrace]
        inBracesAfterOpen(caseClauses())
      }
    autoEndPos(startPos)(Term.Match(t, cases, Nil))
  }

  def ifClause(mods: List[Mod] = Nil) = autoEndPos(mods) {
    accept[KwIf]
    val cond =
      if (token.is[LeftParen])
        condExprInParens[KwThen]
      else
        try expr()
        finally acceptAfterOptNL[KwThen]

    val thenp = expr()
    if (tryAcceptWithOptLF[KwElse]) {
      Term.If(cond, thenp, expr(), mods)
    } else if (token.is[Semicolon] && tryAhead[KwElse]) {
      next(); Term.If(cond, thenp, expr(), mods)
    } else {
      Term.If(cond, thenp, autoPos(Lit.Unit()), mods)
    }
  }

  private def condExprInParens[T <: Token: ClassTag]: Term =
    if (dialect.allowSignificantIndentation) {
      val startPos = tokenPos
      val simpleExpr = condExpr()
      tryParse {
        val simpleRest = simpleExprRest(simpleExpr, canApply = true, startPos = startPos)
        Try {
          postfixExpr(startPos, simpleRest, allowRepeated = false)
        }.toOption.flatMap { x =>
          val exprCond = exprOtherRest(startPos, x, location = NoStat, allowRepeated = false)
          newLinesOpt()
          if (acceptOpt[T]) Some(exprCond) else None
        }
      }.getOrElse {
        newLinesOpt()
        acceptOpt[T]
        simpleExpr
      }
    } else {
      try condExpr()
      finally newLinesOpt()
    }

  // FIXME: when parsing `(2 + 3)`, do we want the ApplyInfix's position to include parentheses?
  // if yes, then nothing has to change here
  // if no, we need eschew autoPos here, because it forces those parentheses on the result of calling prefixExpr
  // see https://github.com/scalameta/scalameta/issues/1083 and https://github.com/scalameta/scalameta/issues/1223
  def expr(location: Location, allowRepeated: Boolean): Term = {
    def inlineMod() = autoPos {
      accept[Ident]
      Mod.Inline()
    }
    val res = autoPosOpt(token match {
      case soft.KwInline() if peekToken.is[KwIf] =>
        ifClause(List(inlineMod()))
      case _ if isInlineMatchMod(tokenPos) =>
        inlineMatchClause(List(inlineMod()))
      case KwIf() =>
        ifClause()
      case KwTry() =>
        next()
        val body: Term = token match {
          case _ if dialect.allowTryWithAnyExpr => expr()
          case _: LeftParen => inParensOnOpen(expr())
          case _: LeftBrace => blockOnBrace()
          case _: Indentation.Indent => blockOnIndent()
          case _ => expr()
        }

        def finallyopt =
          if (tryAcceptWithOptLF[KwFinally]) {
            Some(expr())
          } else {
            None
          }

        def tryWithCases(cases: List[Case]) = Term.Try(body, cases, finallyopt)
        def tryWithHandler(handler: Term) = Term.TryWithHandler(body, handler, finallyopt)
        def tryInDelims(f: (=> Either[Term, List[Case]]) => Either[Term, List[Case]]): Term = {
          val catchPos = tokenPos
          f(caseClausesIfAny().toRight(blockWithinDelims()))
            .fold(x => tryWithHandler(autoEndPos(catchPos)(x)), tryWithCases)
        }

        if (tryAcceptWithOptLF[KwCatch]) token match {
          case _: KwCase => next(); tryWithCases(caseClause(true) :: Nil)
          case _: Indentation.Indent => tryInDelims(indentedOnOpen)
          case _: LeftBrace => tryInDelims(inBracesOnOpen)
          case _ => tryWithHandler(expr())
        }
        else tryWithCases(Nil)

      case KwWhile() =>
        next()
        val cond =
          if (token.is[LeftParen])
            condExprInParens[KwDo]
          else
            try expr()
            finally acceptAfterOptNL[KwDo]
        Term.While(cond, expr())
      case KwDo() if dialect.allowDoWhile =>
        next()
        val body = expr()
        while (StatSep(token)) next()
        accept[KwWhile]
        val cond = condExpr()
        Term.Do(body, cond)
      case KwDo() =>
        syntaxError("do {...} while (...) syntax is no longer supported", at = token)
      case KwFor() =>
        next()
        val enums: List[Enumerator] =
          if (acceptOpt[LeftBrace]) inBracesAfterOpen(enumerators())
          else if (token.is[LeftParen]) {
            def parseInParens() = inParensOnOpen(enumerators())
            if (dialect.allowSignificantIndentation)
              // Dotty retry in case of `for (a,b) <- list1.zip(list2) yield (a, b)`
              tryParse(Try(parseInParens()).toOption).getOrElse(enumerators())
            else
              parseInParens()
          } else if (acceptOpt[Indentation.Indent]) {
            indentedAfterOpen(enumerators())
          } else {
            enumerators()
          }

        newLinesOpt()
        if (acceptOpt[KwDo]) {
          Term.For(enums, expr())
        } else if (acceptOpt[KwYield]) {
          Term.ForYield(enums, expr())
        } else {
          Term.For(enums, expr())
        }
      case KwReturn() =>
        next()
        if (isExprIntro(token, tokenPos)) Term.Return(expr())
        else Term.Return(autoPos(Lit.Unit()))
      case KwThrow() =>
        next()
        Term.Throw(expr())
      case KwImplicit() =>
        next()
        implicitClosure(location)
      case _ =>
        val startPos = tokenPos
        val t: Term = postfixExpr(allowRepeated)
        exprOtherRest(startPos, t, location, allowRepeated)
    })
    if (location.anonFuncOK) maybeAnonymousFunction(res) else res
  }

  private def exprOtherRest(
      startPos: Int,
      prefix: Term,
      location: Location,
      allowRepeated: Boolean
  ): Term = {
    @inline def addPos[T <: Tree](body: T) = autoEndPos(startPos)(body)
    def repeatedTerm(t: Term, nextTokens: () => Unit): Term = {
      if (allowRepeated) addPos { nextTokens(); Term.Repeated(t) }
      else syntaxError("repeated argument not allowed here", at = token)
    }
    @tailrec
    def iter(t: Term): Term = token match {
      case _: Equals =>
        t match {
          case _: Term.Ref | _: Term.Apply | _: Quasi =>
            next()
            addPos(Term.Assign(t, expr(location = NoStat, allowRepeated = true)))
          case _ => t
        }
      case _: Colon =>
        getFewerBracesApplyOnColon(t, startPos) match {
          case Some(x) => x
          case _ =>
            next()
            if (token.is[At] || (token.is[Ellipsis] && peekToken.is[At])) {
              iter(addPos(Term.Annotate(t, annots(skipNewLines = false))))
            } else if (token.is[Underscore] && isStar(peekToken)) {
              repeatedTerm(t, nextTwice)
            } else {
              // this does not necessarily correspond to syntax, but is necessary to accept lambdas
              // check out the `if (token.is[RightArrow]) { ... }` block below
              iter(addPos(Term.Ascribe(t, typeOrInfixType(location))))
            }
        }
      case Ident("*") if isVarargParamOnStar(allowRepeated) =>
        repeatedTerm(t, next)
      case _: KwMatch =>
        next()
        matchClause(t, startPos)
      case _ =>
        t
    }

    val res: Term = iter(prefix)

    // Note the absense of `else if` here!!
    val contextFunction = token.is[ContextArrow]
    if (contextFunction || token.is[RightArrow]) {
      // This is a tricky one. In order to parse lambdas, we need to recognize token sequences
      // like `(...) => ...`, `id | _ => ...` and `implicit id | _ => ...`.
      //
      // If we exclude Implicit (which is parsed elsewhere anyway), then we can see that
      // these sequences are non-trivially ambiguous with tuples and self-type annotations
      // (i.e. are not resolvable with static lookahead).
      //
      // Therefore, when we encounter RightArrow, the part in parentheses is already parsed into a Term,
      // and we need to figure out whether that term represents what we expect from a lambda's param list
      // in order to disambiguate. The term that we have at hand might wildly differ from the param list that one would expect.
      // For example, when parsing `() => x`, we arrive at RightArrow having `Lit.Unit` as the parsed term.
      // That's why we later need `convertToParams` to make sense of what the parser has produced.
      //
      // Rules:
      // 1. `() => ...` means lambda
      // 2. `x => ...` means self-type annotation, but only in template position
      // 3. `(x) => ...` means self-type annotation, but only in template position
      // 4a. `x: Int => ...` means self-type annotation in template position
      // 4b. `x: Int => ...` means lambda in block position
      // 4c. `x: Int => ...` means ascription, i.e. `x: (Int => ...)`, in expression position
      // 5a.  `(x: Int) => ...` means lambda
      // 5b. `(using x: Int) => ...` means lambda for dotty
      // 6. `(x, y) => ...` or `(x: Int, y: Int) => ...` or with more entries means lambda
      //
      // A funny thing is that scalac's parser tries to disambiguate between self-type annotations and lambdas
      // even if it's not parsing the first statement in the template. E.g. `class C { foo; x => x }` will be
      // a parse error, because `x => x` will be deemed a self-type annotation, which ends up being inapplicable there.
      convertToParamClause(res)(
        isNameAllowed = location != TemplateStat,
        isParamAllowed = location.funcParamOK ||
          tokens(startPos).is[LeftParen] && prevToken.is[RightParen]
      ).fold(res) { pc =>
        val params = addPos(pc)
        next()
        val trm = termFunctionBody(location)
        addPos {
          if (contextFunction)
            Term.ContextFunction(params, trm)
          else
            Term.Function(params, trm)
        }
      }
      // if couldn't convert to params:
      // do nothing, which will either allow self-type annotation parsing to kick in
      // or will trigger an unexpected token error down the line
    } else res
  }

  private def termFunctionBody(location: Location): Term =
    if (location != BlockStat) expr()
    else
      (token match {
        case _: LeftBrace => blockExprOnBrace(isOptional = true)
        case _: Indentation.Indent => blockExprOnIndent()
        case _ => blockOnOther()
      }) match {
        case t: Term.PartialFunction =>
          getDeclTpeOpt(fullTypeOK = false)
            .fold[Term](t)(tpe => autoEndPos(t)(Term.Ascribe(t, tpe)))
        case t => t
      }

  private def convertToParam(tree: Tree): Option[Term.Param] = {
    def getModFromName(name: Name): Option[Mod] = name.value match {
      case soft.KwUsing() => Some(copyPos(name)(Mod.Using()))
      case soft.KwErased() => Some(copyPos(name)(Mod.Erased()))
      case _ => None
    }
    @tailrec
    def getMod(t: Tree, mods: List[Mod] = Nil): Option[List[Mod]] = t match {
      case t: Term.Name => getModFromName(t).map(_ :: mods)
      case t: Term.Select =>
        getModFromName(t.name) match {
          case Some(mod) => getMod(t.qual, mod :: mods)
          case _ => None
        }
      case t: Term.ApplyInfix =>
        t.argClause.values match {
          case (n: Name) :: Nil if t.targClause.values.isEmpty =>
            val mOpt = for {
              m1 <- getModFromName(t.op)
              m2 <- getModFromName(n)
            } yield m1 :: m2 :: mods
            mOpt match {
              case Some(m) => getMod(t.lhs, m)
              case _ => None
            }
          case _ => None
        }
      case _ => None
    }
    def getNameAndMod(t: Tree): Option[(Name, List[Mod])] = t match {
      case t: Name => Some((t, Nil))
      case t: Quasi => Some((t.become[Term.Name], Nil))
      case t: Term.Select => getMod(t.qual).map((t.name, _))
      case t: Term.ApplyInfix =>
        t.argClause.values match {
          case arg :: Nil if t.targClause.values.isEmpty =>
            for {
              mod <- getModFromName(t.op)
              name <- arg match {
                case n: Term.Placeholder => Some(copyPos(n)(Name.Placeholder()))
                case n: Name => Some(n)
                case _ => None
              }
              mods <- getMod(t.lhs, mod :: Nil)
            } yield (name, mods)
          case _ => None
        }
      case t: Term.Placeholder => Some((copyPos(t)(Name.Placeholder()), Nil))
      case t: Term.Eta => getMod(t.expr).map((atPos(t.endTokenPos)(Name.Placeholder()), _))
      case _ => None
    }

    tree match {
      case q: Quasi => Some(q.become[Term.Param])
      case _: Lit.Unit => None
      case t: Term.Ascribe =>
        getNameAndMod(t.expr).map { case (name, mod) =>
          copyPos(t)(Term.Param(mod, name, Some(t.tpe), None))
        }
      case t =>
        getNameAndMod(t).map { case (name, mod) =>
          copyPos(t)(Term.Param(mod, name, None, None))
        }
    }
  }

  private def convertToParamClause(tree: Term)(
      isNameAllowed: => Boolean,
      isParamAllowed: => Boolean
  ): Option[Term.ParamClause] =
    (tree match {
      case _: Lit.Unit => Some(Nil)
      case q: Quasi =>
        q.rank match {
          case 0 if isNameAllowed => Some(q.become[Term.Param] :: Nil)
          case 1 if isParamAllowed => Some(q.become[Term.Param] :: Nil)
          case _ => None
        }
      case t: Term.Tuple =>
        val params = new ListBuffer[Term.Param]
        @tailrec def iter(ts: List[Term]): Option[List[Term.Param]] = ts match {
          case Nil => Some(params.toList)
          case head :: tail =>
            convertToParam(head) match {
              case None => None
              case Some(p) => params += p; iter(tail)
            }
        }
        iter(t.args)
      case t =>
        convertToParam(t)
          .filter(p => if (p.decltpe.isEmpty && p.mods.isEmpty) isNameAllowed else isParamAllowed)
          .map(_ :: Nil)
    }).map(_.reduceWith(toParamClause(None)))

  private def implicitClosure(location: Location): Term.Function = {
    val implicitPos = prevTokenPos
    val paramName = termName()
    val paramTpt = getDeclTpeOpt(fullTypeOK = false)
    val mod = atPos(implicitPos)(Mod.Implicit())
    val param = autoEndPos(implicitPos)(Term.Param(mod :: Nil, paramName, paramTpt, None))
    val params = copyPos(param)(Term.ParamClause(param :: Nil, Some(mod)))
    accept[RightArrow]
    autoEndPos(implicitPos)(Term.Function(params, termFunctionBody(location)))
  }

  // Encapsulates state and behavior of parsing infix syntax.
  // See `postfixExpr` for an involved usage example.
  // Another, much less involved usage, lives in `pattern3`.
  sealed abstract class InfixContext {
    // (Lhs, op and targs form UnfinishedInfix).
    // FinishedInfix is the type of an infix expression.
    // The conversions are necessary to push the output of finishInfixExpr on stack.
    type Typ
    type Op <: Name
    type UnfinishedInfix <: Unfinished

    // Represents an unfinished infix expression, e.g. [a * b +] in `a * b + c`.
    protected trait Unfinished {
      def lhs: Typ
      def op: Op
      final def precedence = op.precedence
      override def toString = s"[$lhs $op]"
    }

    // The stack of unfinished infix expressions, e.g. Stack([a + ]) in `a + b [*] c`.
    // `push` takes `b`, reads `*`, checks for type arguments and adds [b *] on the top of the stack.
    // Other methods working on the stack are self-explanatory.
    var stack: List[UnfinishedInfix] = Nil
    @inline def isDone(base: List[UnfinishedInfix]): Boolean = this.stack == base
    def head = stack.head
    def push(unfinishedInfix: UnfinishedInfix): Unit = stack ::= unfinishedInfix
    def pop(): UnfinishedInfix =
      try head
      finally stack = stack.tail

    def reduceStack(
        stack: List[UnfinishedInfix],
        curr: Typ,
        currEnd: EndPos,
        op: Option[Op]
    ): Typ = if (isDone(stack)) curr
    else {
      val opPrecedence = op.fold(0)(_.precedence)
      val leftAssoc = op.forall(_.isLeftAssoc)

      def lowerPrecedence = opPrecedence < this.head.precedence
      def samePrecedence = opPrecedence == this.head.precedence
      def canReduce = lowerPrecedence || leftAssoc && samePrecedence

      if (samePrecedence) {
        checkAssoc(this.head.op, leftAssoc)
      }

      // Pop off an unfinished infix expression off the stack and finish it with the rhs.
      // Then convert the result, so that it can become someone else's rhs.
      // Repeat while precedence and associativity allow.
      @tailrec
      def loop(rhs: Typ): Typ = {
        if (!canReduce) {
          rhs
        } else {
          val lhs = pop()
          val fin = finishInfixExpr(lhs, rhs, currEnd)
          if (isDone(stack)) fin else loop(fin)
        }
      }

      loop(curr)
    }

    // Takes the unfinished infix expression, e.g. `[x +]`,
    // then takes the right-hand side (which can have multiple args), e.g. ` (y, z)`,
    // and creates `x + (y, z)`.
    // We need to carry endPos explicitly because its extent may be bigger than rhs because of parent of whatnot.
    protected def finishInfixExpr(unf: UnfinishedInfix, rhs: Typ, rhsEnd: EndPos): Typ
  }

  // Infix syntax in terms is borderline crazy.
  //
  // For example, did you know that `a * b + (c, d) * (f, g: _*)` means:
  // a.$times(b).$plus(scala.Tuple2(c, d).$times(f, g: _*))?!
  //
  // Actually there's even crazier stuff in scala-compiler.jar.
  // Apparently you can parse and typecheck `a + (bs: _*) * c`,
  // however I'm going to error out on this.
  object termInfixContext extends InfixContext {
    type Typ = Term
    type Op = Term.Name

    // We need to carry lhsStart/lhsEnd separately from lhs.pos
    // because their extent may be bigger than lhs because of parentheses or whatnot.
    case class UnfinishedInfix(
        lhs: Typ,
        op: Op,
        targs: Type.ArgClause
    ) extends Unfinished {
      override def toString = {
        s"[$lhs $op$targs]"
      }
    }

    protected def finishInfixExpr(unf: UnfinishedInfix, rhs: Typ, rhsEnd: EndPos): Typ = {
      val UnfinishedInfix(lhsExt, op, targs) = unf
      val lhs = lhsExt match {
        case Term.Tuple(arg :: Nil) => arg
        case x => x
      }

      if (lhs.is[Term.Repeated])
        syntaxError("repeated argument not allowed here", at = lhs.tokens.last)

      val args = copyPos(rhs)((rhs match {
        case _: Lit.Unit => Nil
        case t: Term.Tuple => t.args
        case _ => rhs :: Nil
      }).reduceWith(Term.ArgClause(_)))
      atPos(lhsExt, rhsEnd)(Term.ApplyInfix(lhs, op, targs, args))
    }
  }

  // In comparison with terms, patterns are trivial.
  implicit object patInfixContext extends InfixContext {
    type Typ = Pat
    type Op = Term.Name

    case class UnfinishedInfix(lhs: Typ, op: Op) extends Unfinished

    protected def finishInfixExpr(unf: UnfinishedInfix, rhs: Typ, rhsEnd: EndPos): Typ = {
      val UnfinishedInfix(lhsExt, op) = unf
      val lhs = lhsExt match {
        case Pat.Tuple(arg :: Nil) => arg
        case x => x
      }
      val args = copyPos(rhs)((rhs match {
        case _: Lit.Unit => Nil
        case t: Pat.Tuple => t.args
        case _ => rhs :: Nil
      }).reduceWith(Pat.ArgClause.apply))
      atPos(lhsExt, rhsEnd)(Pat.ExtractInfix(lhs, op, args))
    }
  }

  private object TypeInfixContext extends InfixContext {
    type Typ = Type
    type Op = Type.Name

    case class UnfinishedInfix(lhs: Typ, op: Op) extends Unfinished

    protected def finishInfixExpr(unf: UnfinishedInfix, rhs: Typ, rhsEnd: EndPos): Typ = {
      val UnfinishedInfix(lhs, op) = unf
      atPos(lhs, rhsEnd)(Type.ApplyInfix(lhs, op, rhs))
    }
  }

  @inline def checkAssoc(op: Name, leftAssoc: Boolean): Unit =
    checkAssoc(op, op.isLeftAssoc, leftAssoc)

  @inline private def checkAssoc(at: Tree, opLeftAssoc: Boolean, leftAssoc: Boolean): Unit =
    if (opLeftAssoc != leftAssoc)
      syntaxError(
        "left- and right-associative operators with same precedence may not be mixed",
        at = at
      )

  private def tryGetNextInfixOpIfLeading[A <: Name](f: String => A): Option[A] = token match {
    case lf: InfixLF =>
      peekToken match {
        case opToken: Ident =>
          tryAhead {
            if (peekToken.is[Indentation]) None
            else
              lf.invalid.fold {
                Some(atCurPos(next { newLineOpt(); f(opToken.value) }))
              }(syntaxError(_, at = opToken))
          }
        case _ => None
      }
    case _ => None
  }

  def postfixExpr(allowRepeated: Boolean): Term = {
    val startPos = tokenPos

    // Start the infix chain.
    // We'll use `a + b` as our running example.
    val rhs0 = prefixExpr(allowRepeated)

    postfixExpr(startPos, rhs0, allowRepeated)
  }

  private def postfixExpr(
      startPos: Int,
      rhs0: Term,
      allowRepeated: Boolean
  ): Term = {
    val ctx = termInfixContext
    val base = ctx.stack

    def getLhsStartPos(lhs: ctx.Typ): Int =
      if (lhs eq rhs0) startPos else lhs.startTokenPos

    // Skip to later in the `postfixExpr` method to start mental debugging.
    // rhsStartK/rhsEndK may be bigger than then extent of rhsK,
    // so we really have to track them separately.
    @tailrec
    def loop(rhsK: ctx.Typ): ctx.Typ = {
      val rhsEndK = prevTokenPos

      def getPrevLhs(op: Term.Name): Term = {
        ctx.reduceStack(base, rhsK, rhsEndK, Some(op))
      }

      def getNextRhs(op: Term.Name, targs: Type.ArgClause) =
        getNextRhsWith(op, targs, argumentExprsOrPrefixExpr(PostfixStat))

      def getNextRhsWith(op: Term.Name, targs: Type.ArgClause, rhs: Term) = {
        val lhs = getPrevLhs(op)
        val wrap = (lhs eq rhs0) && lhs.startTokenPos != startPos
        val lhsExt = if (wrap) atPosWithBody(startPos, Term.Tuple(lhs :: Nil), rhsEndK) else lhs
        ctx.push(ctx.UnfinishedInfix(lhsExt, op, targs))
        Right(rhs)
      }

      def getPostfix(op: Term.Name, targs: Type.ArgClause) = {
        // Infix chain has ended with a postfix expression.
        // This never happens in the running example.
        if (targs.nonEmpty)
          syntaxError("type application is not allowed for postfix operators", at = token)
        val finQual = getPrevLhs(op)
        val term: Term = atPos(getLhsStartPos(finQual), op)(Term.Select(finQual, op))
        Left(term)
      }

      def emptyTypeArgs = autoPos(Type.ArgClause(Nil))

      def getPostfixOrNextRhs(op: Term.Name): Either[Term, Term] = {
        // Infix chain continues.
        // In the running example, we're at `a [+] b`.
        val targs = if (token.is[LeftBracket]) exprTypeArgs() else emptyTypeArgs

        // Check whether we're still infix or already postfix by testing the current token.
        // In the running example, we're at `a + [b]` (infix).
        // If we were parsing `val c = a b`, then we'd be at `val c = a b[]` (postfix).
        if (if (token.is[EOL]) nextIf(isExprIntro(peekToken, peekIndex))
          else isExprIntro(token, tokenPos)) {
          // Infix chain continues, so we need to reduce the stack.
          // In the running example, base = List(), rhsK = [a].
          getNextRhs(op, targs) // [a]
          // afterwards, ctx.stack = List([a +])
        } else {
          val argPos = tokenPos
          (token match {
            case _: Colon => getFewerBracesArgOnColon()
            case _ => None
          }) match {
            case None => getPostfix(op, targs)
            case Some(x) => getNextRhsWith(op, targs, autoEndPos(argPos)(Term.Tuple(x :: Nil)))
          }
        }
      }

      val resOpt = token match {
        case t: Unquote =>
          val op = unquote[Term.Name](t)
          Some(getPostfixOrNextRhs(op))
        case t: Ident if !isVarargStarParam(allowRepeated) =>
          val op = atCurPosNext(Term.Name(t.value))
          Some(getPostfixOrNextRhs(op))
        case _: KwMatch if dialect.allowMatchAsOperator =>
          val op = atCurPosNext(Term.Name("match"))
          val lhs = getPrevLhs(op)
          Some(Right(matchClause(lhs, getLhsStartPos(lhs))))
        case _ =>
          tryGetNextInfixOpIfLeading(Term.Name.apply).map(getNextRhs(_, emptyTypeArgs))
      }
      resOpt match {
        case Some(Left(x)) => x
        case Some(Right(x)) =>
          // Try to continue the infix chain.
          loop(x)
        case None =>
          // Infix chain has ended.
          // In the running example, we're at `a + b[]`
          // with base = List([a +]), rhsK = List([b]).
          rhsK
      }
    }

    // Iteratively read the infix chain via `loop`.
    // rhs0 is now [a]
    // If the next token is not an ident or an unquote, the infix chain ends immediately,
    // and `postfixExpr` becomes a fallthrough.
    val rhsN = loop(rhs0)

    // Infix chain has ended.
    // base contains pending UnfinishedInfix parts and rhsN is the final rhs.
    // For our running example, this'll be List([a +]) and [b].
    // Afterwards, lhsResult will be List([a + b]).
    if (rhs0 == rhsN && ctx.isDone(base)) rhs0
    else {
      val endPos = prevTokenPos
      atPosWithBody(startPos, ctx.reduceStack(base, rhsN, endPos, None), endPos)
    }
  }

  def prefixExpr(allowRepeated: Boolean): Term = token match {
    case Unary((ident, unary)) =>
      val startPos = tokenPos
      next()
      def op = atPos(startPos)(Term.Name(ident))
      def addPos(tree: Term) = autoEndPos(startPos)(tree)
      def rest(tree: Term) = simpleExprRest(tree, canApply = true, startPos = startPos)
      def otherwise =
        simpleExpr0(allowRepeated = true) match {
          case Success(result) => addPos(Term.ApplyUnary(op, result))
          case Failure(_) =>
            // maybe it is not unary operator but simply an ident `trait - {...}`
            // we would fail here anyway, let's try to treat it as ident
            rest(op)
        }
      (token, unary) match {
        case (tok: NumericConstant[_], unary: Unary.Numeric) =>
          next(); rest(addPos(numericLiteralAt(tok, unary)))
        case (tok: BooleanConstant, unary: Unary.Logical) =>
          next(); rest(addPos(Lit.Boolean(unary(tok.value))))
        case _ => otherwise
      }
    case _ => simpleExpr(allowRepeated)
  }

  def simpleExpr(allowRepeated: Boolean): Term = simpleExpr0(allowRepeated).get

  private def simpleExpr0(allowRepeated: Boolean): Try[Term] = {
    var canApply = true
    val startPos = tokenPos
    (token match {
      case MacroQuote() =>
        Success(macroQuote())
      case MacroSplice() =>
        Success(macroSplice())
      case MacroQuotedIdent(ident) =>
        Success(macroQuotedIdent(ident))
      case MacroSplicedIdent(ident) =>
        Success(macroSplicedIdent(ident))
      case _: Literal =>
        Success(literal())
      case _: Interpolation.Id =>
        Success(interpolateTerm())
      case _: Xml.Start =>
        Success(xmlTerm())
      case Ident(_) | KwThis() | KwSuper() | Unquote() =>
        Success(path().become[Term])
      case Underscore() =>
        Success(atCurPosNext(Term.Placeholder()))
      case LeftParen() =>
        Success(inParensOrTupleOrUnitExpr(allowRepeated = allowRepeated))
      case LeftBrace() =>
        canApply = false
        Success(blockExprOnBrace())
      case KwNew() =>
        canApply = false
        Success(autoPos {
          next()
          template(OwnedByTrait) match {
            case Template.Initial(Nil, init :: Nil, Self(_: Name.Anonymous, None), Nil)
                if !prevToken.is[RightBrace] =>
              Term.New(init)
            case other =>
              Term.NewAnonymous(other)
          }
        })
      case LeftBracket() if dialect.allowPolymorphicFunctions =>
        Success(polyFunction())
      case Indentation.Indent() =>
        Success(blockExprOnIndent())
      case _ =>
        Failure(new ParseException(token.pos, "illegal start of simple expression"))
    }) match {
      case Success(x) => Success(simpleExprRest(x, canApply = canApply, startPos = startPos))
      case x: Failure[_] => x
    }
  }

  def polyFunction() = autoPos {
    val quants = typeParamClauseOpt(ownerIsType = true, ctxBoundsAllowed = false)
    accept[RightArrow]
    val term = expr()
    Term.PolyFunction(quants, term)
  }

  private def macroSplice(): Term = autoPos(QuotedSpliceContext.within {
    next()
    if (QuotedPatternContext.isInside()) Term.SplicedMacroPat(autoPos(inBraces(pattern())))
    else Term.SplicedMacroExpr(autoPos(inBraces(blockWithinDelims())))
  })

  private def macroQuote(): Term = autoPos(QuotedSpliceContext.within {
    next()
    token match {
      case _: LeftBrace => Term.QuotedMacroExpr(autoPos(inBracesOnOpen(blockWithinDelims())))
      case _: LeftBracket => Term.QuotedMacroType(inBracketsOnOpen(typeBlock()))
      case t => syntaxError("Quotation only works for expressions and types", at = t)
    }
  })

  @inline private def macroQuotedIdent(ident: String): Term =
    macroIdent(ident, Term.QuotedMacroExpr.apply)

  @inline private def macroSplicedIdent(ident: String): Term =
    macroIdent(ident, Term.SplicedMacroExpr.apply)

  private def macroIdent(ident: String, f: Term.Name => Term): Term = {
    val curpos = tokenPos
    next()
    autoEndPos(curpos)(f(atPos(curpos)(Term.Name(ident))))
  }

  @tailrec
  private def simpleExprRest(t: Term, canApply: Boolean, startPos: Int): Term = {
    @inline def addPos(body: Term): Term = autoEndPos(startPos)(body)
    if (canApply) {
      if (dialect.allowSignificantIndentation) {
        newLineOptWhenFollowedBySignificantIndentationAnd(_.isAny[LeftBrace, LeftParen])
      } else {
        newLineOptWhenFollowedBy[LeftBrace]
      }
    }
    token match {
      case Dot() =>
        next()
        if (dialect.allowMatchAsOperator && acceptOpt[KwMatch]) {
          val clause = matchClause(t, startPos)
          // needed if match uses significant identation
          newLineOptWhenFollowedBy[Dot]
          simpleExprRest(clause, canApply = false, startPos = startPos)
        } else {
          simpleExprRest(selector(t, startPos), canApply = true, startPos = startPos)
        }
      case LeftBracket() =>
        t match {
          case _: Quasi | _: Term.Name | _: Term.Select | _: Term.Apply | _: Term.ApplyInfix |
              _: Term.ApplyUnary | _: Term.New | _: Term.Placeholder | _: Term.ApplyUsing |
              _: Term.Interpolate =>
            var app: Term = t
            while (token.is[LeftBracket]) app = addPos(Term.ApplyType(app, exprTypeArgs()))

            simpleExprRest(app, canApply = true, startPos = startPos)
          case _ =>
            addPos(t)
        }
      case tok @ (_: LeftParen | _: LeftBrace) if canApply =>
        def argClause =
          if (tok.is[LeftBrace]) getArgClauseOnBrace() else getArgClauseOnParen()
        val arguments = addPos(Term.Apply(t, argClause))
        simpleExprRest(arguments, canApply = true, startPos = startPos)
      case _: Colon if canApply =>
        getFewerBracesApplyOnColon(t, startPos).getOrElse(t)
      case Underscore() =>
        next()
        addPos(Term.Eta(t))
      case _ =>
        t
    }
  }

  private def getFewerBracesArgOnColon(): Option[Term] = {
    if (!dialect.allowFewerBraces) None
    else {
      val colonPos = tokenPos
      def addPos(term: Term) = autoEndPos(colonPos)(term)
      def tryGetArgAsLambdaBlock(postCheck: => Boolean) = tryGetArgAsLambda().flatMap { arg =>
        if (postCheck) Some(addPos(Term.Block(arg :: Nil))) else None
      }
      peekToken match {
        case _: Indentation.Indent =>
          next()
          tryAhead {
            tryGetArgAsLambdaBlock(acceptIfAfterOptNL[Indentation.Outdent])
          }.orElse {
            Some(addPos(blockExprOnIndent(keepBlock = true)))
          }
        case _: Indentation => syntaxError("expected fewer-braces method body", token)
        case _: EOL =>
          val colon = token
          nextTwice()
          val argOpt = tryGetArgAsLambdaBlock(true)
          if (argOpt.isEmpty) syntaxError("expected fewer-braces method body", colon)
          argOpt
        case _ => tryAhead(tryGetArgAsLambdaBlock(true))
      }
    }
  }

  private def tryGetArgAsLambda(): Option[Term.FunctionTerm] = Try {
    val paramPos = tokenPos

    /**
     * We need to handle param and then open indented region, otherwise only the block will be
     * handles and any `.` will be accepted into the block:
     * ```
     * .map: a =>
     * a+1
     * .filter: x =>
     * x > 2
     * ```
     * Without manual handling here, filter would be included for `(a+1).filter`
     */
    @tailrec
    def getParamClause(pt: Option[Mod.ParamsType], mods: List[Mod]): Term.ParamClause =
      token match {
        case _: KwImplicit if pt.isEmpty =>
          val mod = atCurPosNext(Mod.Implicit())
          getParamClause(Some(mod), mod :: mods)
        case _ =>
          commaSeparated(getParamWithPos(mods, fullTypeOK = true)).reduceWith(toParamClause(pt))
      }
    def getParamAsClause(
        pt: Option[Mod.ParamsType],
        mods: List[Mod]
    ): Option[Term.ParamClause] = {
      val param = getParamWithPos(mods, fullTypeOK = false)
      Some(copyPos(param)(reduceAs(param :: Nil, toParamClause(pt))))
    }
    def getParamWithPos(mods: List[Mod], fullTypeOK: Boolean) =
      autoPos(getParam(mods, fullTypeOK))
    @tailrec
    def getParam(mods: List[Mod], fullTypeOK: Boolean): Term.Param = {
      def afterName(name: Name) = {
        val tpe = if (fullTypeOK || mods.nonEmpty) getDeclTpeOpt(fullTypeOK = fullTypeOK) else None
        Term.Param(mods, name, tpe, None)
      }
      token match {
        case t: Ellipsis => ellipsis[Term.Param](t, 1)
        case t: Ident =>
          val mod = if (peekToken.is[Ident]) {
            t.text match {
              case soft.KwErased() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Erased())
              case soft.KwUsing() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Using())
              case _ => null
            }
          } else null
          if (mod eq null) afterName(termName(t)) else getParam(mod :: mods, fullTypeOK)
        case _: Underscore => afterName(namePlaceholder())
        case _ => syntaxErrorExpected[Ident]
      }
    }

    val paramClauseOpt = token match {
      case _: LeftParen =>
        Some(autoPos(inParensOnOpenOr(getParamClause(None, Nil))(Term.ParamClause(Nil))))
      case t: Ellipsis if t.rank == 2 => Some(ellipsis[Term.ParamClause](t))
      case _: Ident | _: Underscore | _: Ellipsis => getParamAsClause(None, Nil)
      case _: KwImplicit =>
        val mod = atCurPosNext(Mod.Implicit())
        getParamAsClause(Some(mod), mod :: Nil)
      case _ => None
    }

    paramClauseOpt.flatMap { params =>
      val contextFunction = token.is[ContextArrow]
      if ((contextFunction || token.is[RightArrow]) && isIndentAfter()) Some {
        next()
        val trm = blockExprOnIndent()
        autoEndPos(paramPos) {
          if (contextFunction)
            Term.ContextFunction(params, trm)
          else
            Term.Function(params, trm)
        }
      }
      else None
    }
  }.getOrElse(None)

  private def getFewerBracesApplyOnColon(fun: Term, startPos: Int): Option[Term] = {
    val colonPos = tokenPos
    getFewerBracesArgOnColon().map { arg =>
      val endPos = auto.endTokenPos
      val argClause = atPos(colonPos, endPos)(Term.ArgClause(arg :: Nil))
      val arguments = atPos(startPos, endPos)(Term.Apply(fun, argClause))
      simpleExprRest(arguments, canApply = true, startPos = startPos)
    }
  }

  private def argumentExprsOrPrefixExpr(location: Location): Term = {
    val isBrace = token.is[LeftBrace]
    if (!isBrace && token.isNot[LeftParen]) prefixExpr(allowRepeated = false)
    else {
      def findRep(args: List[Term]): Option[Term.Repeated] = args.collectFirst {
        case Term.Assign(_, rep: Term.Repeated) => rep
        case rep: Term.Repeated => rep
      }
      val lpPos = tokenPos
      val args =
        if (isBrace) checkNoTripleDot(blockExprOnBrace(allowRepeated = true)) :: Nil
        else inParensOnOpenOr(argumentExprsInParens(location))(Nil)
      def getRest() = {
        findRep(args).foreach(x => syntaxError("repeated argument not allowed here", at = x))
        simpleExprRest(makeTupleTerm(lpPos, args), canApply = true, startPos = lpPos)
      }
      token match {
        case _: Dot | _: OpenDelim | _: Underscore => getRest()
        // see ArgumentExprs in:
        // https://scala-lang.org/files/archive/spec/2.13/13-syntax-summary.html#context-free-syntax
        case _: EOL if !isBrace && !dialect.allowSignificantIndentation && tryAhead[LeftBrace] =>
          getRest()
        case _ =>
          makeTupleTerm { arg =>
            val res = maybeAnonymousFunction(arg)
            if (isBrace) Right(res) else Left(res :: Nil)
          }(lpPos, args)
      }
    }
  }

  private def argumentExpr(location: Location): Term = token match {
    case t @ Ellipsis(2) => syntaxError(Messages.QuasiquoteRankMismatch(2, 1), at = t)
    case _ => expr(location = location, allowRepeated = true)
  }

  private def getArgClauseOnBrace(): Term.ArgClause = autoPos {
    val arg = blockExprOnBrace(allowRepeated = true)
    Term.ArgClause(arg :: Nil)
  }

  private def getArgClauseOnParen(location: Location = NoStat): Term.ArgClause = autoPos(
    inParensOnOpenOr(token match {
      case t @ Ellipsis(2) =>
        (ellipsis[Term](t) :: Nil).reduceWith(Term.ArgClause(_))
      case x =>
        val using = x.text == soft.KwUsing.name && !CantStartStat(peekToken)
        val mod = if (using) Some(atCurPosNext(Mod.Using())) else None
        argumentExprsInParens(location).reduceWith(Term.ArgClause(_, mod))
    })(Term.ArgClause(Nil))
  )

  private def argumentExprsInParens(location: Location = NoStat): List[Term] = {
    @tailrec
    def checkRep(exprsLeft: List[Term]): Unit = exprsLeft match {
      case head :: tail =>
        if (!head.is[Term.Repeated]) checkRep(tail)
        else if (tail.nonEmpty) syntaxError("repeated argument not allowed here", at = head)
      case _ =>
    }
    val exprs = commaSeparated(argumentExpr(location))
    checkRep(exprs)
    exprs
  }

  private def checkNoTripleDot[T <: Tree](tree: T): T = tree match {
    case q: Quasi if q.rank == 2 => syntaxError(Messages.QuasiquoteRankMismatch(q.rank, 1), at = q)
    case t => t
  }

  private def isCaseIntro(): Boolean =
    token.is[KwCase] && isCaseIntroOnKwCase()

  // call it only if token is KwCase
  private def isCaseIntroOnKwCase(): Boolean = !peekToken.isClassOrObject

  private def blockExprPartial[T <: Token: ClassTag](orElse: => Term): Term = {
    val isPartial = peekToken match {
      case _: KwCase => ahead(isCaseIntroOnKwCase())
      case _: Ellipsis => ahead(peekToken.is[KwCase])
      case _ => false
    }
    if (isPartial) autoPos(next {
      try Term.PartialFunction(caseClauses())
      finally acceptAfterOptNL[T]
    })
    else orElse
  }

  private def blockWithinDelims(allowRepeated: Boolean = false) =
    Term.Block(blockStatSeq(allowRepeated = allowRepeated))

  private def blockInDelims(f: (=> Term.Block) => Term, allowRepeated: Boolean = false): Term =
    autoPos(f(blockWithinDelims(allowRepeated = allowRepeated)))

  private def blockOnIndent(keepBlock: Boolean = false): Term =
    blockInDelims { x =>
      val term = indentedOnOpen(x)
      if (keepBlock) term else dropOuterBlock(term)
    }
  private def blockExprOnIndent(keepBlock: Boolean = false): Term =
    blockExprPartial[Indentation.Outdent](blockOnIndent(keepBlock))

  private def blockOnBrace(allowRepeated: Boolean = false): Term =
    blockInDelims(inBracesOnOpen, allowRepeated)
  private def blockExprOnBrace(allowRepeated: Boolean = false, isOptional: Boolean = false): Term =
    blockExprPartial[RightBrace] {
      if (isOptional) blockOnOther(allowRepeated) else blockOnBrace(allowRepeated)
    }

  private def blockOnOther(allowRepeated: Boolean = false): Term =
    blockInDelims(dropOuterBlock(_), allowRepeated)

  def caseClause(forceSingleExpr: Boolean = false): Case = atPos(prevTokenPos, EndPosPreOutdent) {
    if (token.isNot[KwCase]) {
      def caseBody() = {
        accept[RightArrow]
        val start = tokenPos
        def parseStatSeq() = blockStatSeq() match {
          case List(q: Quasi) => q.become[Term]
          case List(term: Term) => term
          case other => autoEndPos(start)(Term.Block(other))
        }
        if (acceptOpt[Indentation.Indent]) indentedAfterOpen(parseStatSeq())
        else if (forceSingleExpr) expr(location = BlockStat, allowRepeated = false)
        else parseStatSeq()
      }
      @inline def guard(): Option[Term] = if (token.is[KwIf]) Some(guardOnIf()) else None
      Case(pattern(), guard(), caseBody())
    } else {
      syntaxError("Unexpected `case`", at = token.pos)
    }
  }

  def quasiquoteCase(): Case = entrypointCase()

  def entrypointCase(): Case = {
    accept[KwCase]
    caseClause()
  }

  def caseClauses(): List[Case] =
    caseClausesIfAny().getOrElse(syntaxErrorExpected[KwCase])

  def caseClausesIfAny(): Option[List[Case]] = {
    val cases = new ListBuffer[Case]
    @tailrec
    def iter(): Unit = token match {
      case t: Ellipsis =>
        cases += ellipsis[Case](t, 1, accept[KwCase])
        while (StatSep(token)) next()
        iter()
      case _: KwCase if isCaseIntroOnKwCase() =>
        next()
        token match {
          case t: Unquote =>
            cases += unquote[Case](t)
            while (StatSep(token)) next()
          case _ =>
            cases += caseClause()
            if (!token.is[EOF] && StatSep(token))
              tryAhead(isCaseIntro())
        }
        iter()
      case _ =>
    }
    iter()
    if (cases.isEmpty) None else Some(cases.toList)
  }

  private def guardOnIf(): Term = {
    next()
    autoPos(postfixExpr(allowRepeated = false))
  }

  private def enumeratorGuardOnIf() = autoPos(Enumerator.Guard(guardOnIf()))

  def enumerators(): List[Enumerator] = listBy[Enumerator] { enums =>
    enumeratorBuf(enums, isFirst = true)
    while (StatSep(token) && nextIf(!peekToken.isAny[Indentation.Outdent, KwDo])) {
      enumeratorBuf(enums, isFirst = false)
    }
  }

  private def enumeratorBuf(
      buf: ListBuffer[Enumerator],
      isFirst: Boolean,
      allowNestedIf: Boolean = true
  ): Unit = token match {
    case _: KwIf if !isFirst => buf += enumeratorGuardOnIf()
    case t: Ellipsis => buf += ellipsis[Enumerator](t, 1)
    case t: Unquote if !peekToken.isAny[Equals, LeftArrow] =>
      buf += unquote[Enumerator](t) // support for q"for ($enum1; ..$enums; $enum2)"
    case _ => generatorBuf(buf, !isFirst, allowNestedIf)
  }

  def quasiquoteEnumerator(): Enumerator = entrypointEnumerator()

  def entrypointEnumerator(): Enumerator = {
    listBy[Enumerator](enumeratorBuf(_, isFirst = false, allowNestedIf = false)) match {
      case enumerator :: Nil => enumerator
      case other => unreachable(Map("enumerators" -> other))
    }
  }

  private def generatorBuf(
      buf: ListBuffer[Enumerator],
      eqOK: Boolean,
      allowNestedIf: Boolean = true
  ): Unit = {
    val startPos = tokenPos
    val hasVal = acceptOpt[KwVal]
    val isCase = acceptOpt[KwCase]

    val pat = noSeq.pattern1(isForComprehension = true)
    val hasEq = token.is[Equals]

    if (hasVal) {
      if (hasEq) deprecationWarning("val keyword in for comprehension is deprecated", at = token)
      else syntaxError("val in for comprehension must be followed by assignment", at = token)
    }

    if (hasEq && eqOK) next()
    else accept[LeftArrow]
    val rhs = expr()

    buf += autoEndPos(startPos) {
      if (hasEq) Enumerator.Val(pat, rhs)
      else if (isCase) Enumerator.CaseGenerator(pat, rhs)
      else Enumerator.Generator(pat, rhs)
    }
    if (allowNestedIf) {
      while (token.is[KwIf]) {
        buf += enumeratorGuardOnIf()
      }
    }
  }

  /* -------- PATTERNS ------------------------------------------- */

  /**
   * Methods which implicitly propagate whether the initial call took place in a context where
   * sequences are allowed. Formerly, this was threaded through methods as boolean seqOK.
   */
  trait SeqContextSensitive extends PatternContextSensitive {
    // is a sequence pattern _* allowed?
    def isSequenceOK: Boolean

    def patterns(): List[Pat] = commaSeparated(pattern())

    def pattern(): Pat = patternAlternatives(Nil)

    @tailrec
    private def patternAlternatives(pats: List[Pat]): Pat = {
      val pat = pattern1()
      checkNoTripleDot(pat)
      if (isIdentOf(token, "|")) {
        next()
        patternAlternatives(pat :: pats)
      } else if (pats.isEmpty) {
        pat
      } else {
        val endPos = pat.endTokenPos
        pats.foldLeft(pat) { case (rtAll, ltOne) =>
          atPos(ltOne.startTokenPos, endPos)(Pat.Alternative(ltOne, rtAll))
        }
      }
    }

    def quasiquotePattern(): Pat = {
      // NOTE: As per quasiquotes.md
      // * p"x" => Pat.Var (ok)
      // * p"X" => Pat.Var (needs postprocessing, parsed as Term.Name)
      // * p"`x`" => Term.Name (ok)
      // * p"`X`" => Term.Name (ok)
      val nonbqIdent = token.is[Ident] && !token.isBackquoted
      argumentPattern() match {
        case pat: Term.Name if nonbqIdent => copyPos(pat)(Pat.Var(pat))
        case pat => pat
      }
    }

    def entrypointPattern(): Pat = {
      pattern()
    }

    def unquotePattern(): Pat = {
      dropAnyBraces(pattern())
    }

    private def isArglistEnd(t: Token): Boolean = t.isAny[RightParen, RightBrace, EOF]

    private def getSeqWildcard(isEnabled: Boolean, elseF: => Pat, mapF: Pat => Pat = identity) = {
      if (isEnabled && isSequenceOK && token.is[Underscore] && isStar(peekToken)) {
        val startPos = tokenPos
        if (tryAhead(next(isArglistEnd(token)))) mapF(autoEndPos(startPos)(Pat.SeqWildcard()))
        else elseF
      } else elseF
    }

    def pattern1(isForComprehension: Boolean = false): Pat = {
      val p = pattern2(isForComprehension)
      @inline def typed() =
        Pat.Typed(p, super.patternTyp(allowInfix = false, allowImmediateTypevars = false))
      val pat = p match {
        case _ if token.isNot[Colon] => p
        case _: Quasi =>
          next()
          typed()
        case _: Pat.Var =>
          next()
          if (!dialect.allowColonForExtractorVarargs && token.is[Underscore] && isStar(peekToken))
            syntaxError(s"$dialect does not support var: _*", at = p)
          getSeqWildcard(dialect.allowColonForExtractorVarargs, typed(), Pat.Bind(p, _))
        case _: Pat.Wildcard =>
          next()
          getSeqWildcard(dialect.allowColonForExtractorVarargs, typed())
        case _: Pat if dialect.allowAllTypedPatterns =>
          next()
          typed()
        case _: Pat => p
      }
      if (pat eq p) p else autoEndPos(p)(pat)
    }

    def pattern2(isForComprehension: Boolean = false): Pat = {
      val p = pattern3(isForComprehension)
      val pat = p match {
        case _ if token.isNot[At] => p
        case _: Quasi =>
          next()
          Pat.Bind(p, pattern3())
        case _: Term.Name =>
          syntaxError(
            "Pattern variables must start with a lower-case letter. (SLS 8.1.1.)",
            at = p
          )
        case p: Pat.Var =>
          next()
          Pat.Bind(p, getSeqWildcard(dialect.allowAtForExtractorVarargs, pattern3()))
        case _: Pat.Wildcard =>
          next()
          getSeqWildcard(dialect.allowAtForExtractorVarargs, pattern3())
        case p =>
          p
      }
      if (pat eq p) p else autoEndPos(p)(pat)
    }

    def pattern3(isForComprehension: Boolean = false): Pat = {
      val ctx = patInfixContext
      val lhs = simplePattern(badPattern3, isForComprehension = isForComprehension)
      val base = ctx.stack
      @tailrec
      def loop(rhs: ctx.Typ): ctx.Typ = {
        val op =
          if (isIdentExcept("|") || token.is[Unquote]) Some(termName())
          else None
        val lhs1 = ctx.reduceStack(base, rhs, rhs, op)
        op match {
          case Some(op) =>
            if (token.is[LeftBracket])
              syntaxError("infix patterns cannot have type arguments", at = token)
            ctx.push(ctx.UnfinishedInfix(lhs1, op))
            val rhs1 = simplePattern(badPattern3, isRhs = true)
            loop(rhs1)
          case None =>
            lhs1
        }
      }
      loop(lhs)
    }

    def badPattern3(token: Token): Nothing = {
      import patInfixContext._
      def isComma = token.is[Comma]
      def isDelimiter = token.isAny[RightParen, RightBrace]
      def isCommaOrDelimiter = isComma || isDelimiter
      val (isUnderscore, isStar) = stack match {
        case UnfinishedInfix(lhs, Term.Name("*")) :: _ => (lhs.is[Pat.Wildcard], true)
        case _ => (false, false)
      }
      val preamble = "bad simple pattern:"
      val subtext = (isUnderscore, isStar, isSequenceOK) match {
        case (true, true, true) if isComma =>
          "bad use of _* (a sequence pattern must be the last pattern)"
        case (true, true, true) if isDelimiter => "bad brace or paren after _*"
        case (true, true, false) if isDelimiter => "bad use of _* (sequence pattern not allowed)"
        case (false, true, true) if isDelimiter => "use _* to match a sequence"
        case (false, true, _) if isCommaOrDelimiter => "trailing * is not a valid pattern"
        case _ => null
      }
      val msg = if (subtext != null) s"$preamble $subtext" else "illegal start of simple pattern"
      syntaxError(msg, at = token)
    }

    def simplePattern(): Pat =
      // simple diagnostics for this entry point
      simplePattern(token => syntaxError("illegal start of simple pattern", at = token))
    def simplePattern(
        onError: Token => Nothing,
        isRhs: Boolean = false,
        isForComprehension: Boolean = false
    ): Pat = {
      val startPos = tokenPos
      autoEndPos(startPos)(token match {
        case sidToken @ (_: Ident | _: KwThis | _: Unquote) =>
          val sid = stableId()
          (token, sidToken) match {
            case (_: NumericConstant[_], Unary.Numeric(unary)) if prevTokenPos == startPos =>
              return numericLiteral(startPos, unary)
            case _ =>
          }
          val targs = if (token.is[LeftBracket]) Some(super.patternTypeArgs()) else None
          if (token.is[LeftParen]) {
            val ref = sid.become[Term]
            Pat.Extract(
              targs.fold(ref)(x => autoEndPos(sid)(Term.ApplyType(ref, x))),
              autoPos(argumentPatterns().reduceWith(Pat.ArgClause.apply))
            )
          } else {
            targs.foreach { x =>
              syntaxError(s"pattern must be a value or have parens: $sid$x", at = token)
            }
            sid match {
              case name: Term.Name.Quasi => name.become[Pat]
              case name: Term.Name =>
                if (dialect.allowPostfixStarVarargSplices && isStar && tryAheadNot[Ident])
                  Pat.Repeated(name)
                else if ((!sidToken.isBackquoted || isForComprehension) && {
                    val first = name.value.head
                    first == '_' || Character.getType(first) == Character.LOWERCASE_LETTER ||
                    dialect.allowUpperCasePatternVarBinding && token.is[At]
                  })
                  Pat.Var(name)
                else name
              case select: Term.Select => select
              case _ =>
                unreachable(
                  Map(
                    "token" -> token,
                    "tokenStructure" -> token.structure,
                    "sid" -> sid,
                    "sidStructure" -> sid.structure
                  )
                )
            }
          }
        case _: Underscore =>
          next()
          if (isSequenceOK && isStar && nextIf(isArglistEnd(peekToken)))
            Pat.SeqWildcard()
          else
            Pat.Wildcard()
        case _: Literal =>
          literal()
        case _: Interpolation.Id =>
          interpolatePat()
        case _: Xml.Start =>
          xmlPat()
        case _: LeftParen =>
          val lpPos = tokenPos
          val patterns = inParensOnOpenOr(noSeq.patterns())(Nil)
          makeTuple(lpPos, patterns, Lit.Unit(), Pat.Tuple.apply) {
            case t if !isRhs => Right(t)
            case t @ Pat.Tuple(_ :: Nil) => Right(t)
            case t => Left(t :: Nil)
          }
        case _: MacroQuote =>
          QuotedPatternContext.within {
            Pat.Macro(macroQuote())
          }
        case MacroQuotedIdent(ident) =>
          Pat.Macro(macroQuotedIdent(ident))
        case _: KwGiven =>
          next()
          Pat.Given(super.patternTyp(allowInfix = false, allowImmediateTypevars = false))
        case t =>
          onError(t)
      })
    }
  }

  /** The implementation of the context sensitive methods for parsing outside of patterns. */
  object outPattern extends PatternContextSensitive {}

  /** The implementation for parsing inside of patterns at points where sequences are allowed. */
  object seqOK extends SeqContextSensitive {
    val isSequenceOK = true
  }

  /** The implementation for parsing inside of patterns at points where sequences are disallowed. */
  object noSeq extends SeqContextSensitive {
    val isSequenceOK = false
  }

  /**
   * These are default entry points into the pattern context sensitive methods: they are all
   * initiated from non-pattern context.
   */
  def typ() = outPattern.typ()
  private def typeBlock() = outPattern.typeBlock()
  def typeIndentedOpt() = outPattern.typeIndentedOpt()
  def quasiquoteType() = outPattern.quasiquoteType()
  def entrypointType() = outPattern.entrypointType()
  def startInfixType() = outPattern.infixType()
  def startModType() = outPattern.annotType()
  def exprTypeArgs() = outPattern.typeArgs()
  def exprSimpleType() = outPattern.simpleType()

  /** Default entry points into some pattern contexts. */
  def pattern(): Pat = noSeq.pattern()
  def quasiquotePattern(): Pat = seqOK.quasiquotePattern()
  def entrypointPattern(): Pat = seqOK.entrypointPattern()
  def unquotePattern(): Pat = noSeq.unquotePattern()
  def unquoteSeqPattern(): Pat = seqOK.unquotePattern()
  def seqPatterns(): List[Pat] = seqOK.patterns()
  def argumentPattern(): Pat = seqOK.pattern()
  def argumentPatterns(): List[Pat] = inParens {
    if (token.is[RightParen]) Nil
    else seqPatterns()
  }
  def xmlLiteralPattern(): Pat = syntaxError("XML literals are not supported", at = in.token)
  def patternTyp() = noSeq.patternTyp(allowInfix = true, allowImmediateTypevars = false)
  def patternTypeArgs() = noSeq.patternTypeArgs()

  /* -------- MODIFIERS and ANNOTATIONS ------------------------------------------- */

  private def privateModifier(): Mod = {
    accessModifier(Mod.Private(_))
  }

  private def protectedModifier(): Mod = {
    accessModifier(Mod.Protected(_))
  }

  private def accessModifier(mod: Ref => Mod): Mod = autoPos {
    next()
    if (!acceptOpt[LeftBracket]) mod(anonNameEmpty())
    else {
      val result = mod {
        if (token.is[KwThis]) {
          anonThis()
        } else {
          termName().becomeOr[Ref](x => copyPos(x)(Name.Indeterminate(x.value)))
        }
      }
      accept[RightBracket]
      result
    }
  }

  private def modifier(isLocal: Boolean): Mod = {
    val mod = token match {
      case t: Unquote => unquote[Mod](t)
      case t: Ellipsis => ellipsis[Mod](t, 1)
      case _: KwAbstract => atCurPosNext(Mod.Abstract())
      case _: KwFinal => atCurPosNext(Mod.Final())
      case _: KwSealed => atCurPosNext(Mod.Sealed())
      case _: KwImplicit => atCurPosNext(Mod.Implicit())
      case _: KwLazy => atCurPosNext(Mod.Lazy())
      case _: KwOverride if !isLocal => atCurPosNext(Mod.Override())
      case _: KwPrivate if !isLocal => privateModifier()
      case _: KwProtected if !isLocal => protectedModifier()
      case _ =>
        token.text match {
          case soft.KwInline() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Inline())
          case soft.KwInfix() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Infix())
          case soft.KwOpen() if !isLocal => atCurPosNext(Mod.Open())
          case soft.KwOpaque() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Opaque())
          case soft.KwTransparent() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Transparent())
          case soft.KwErased() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Erased())
          case n =>
            val local = if (isLocal) "local " else ""
            syntaxError(s"${local}modifier expected but $n found", at = token)
        }
    }
    newLinesOpt()
    mod
  }

  def quasiquoteModifier(): Mod = entrypointModifier()

  def entrypointModifier(): Mod = {
    def fail(t: Token, what: String = "modifier"): Nothing =
      syntaxError(s"$what expected but ${t.name} found", at = t)
    val mod = token match {
      case t: Unquote => unquote[Mod](t)
      case _: At =>
        annots(skipNewLines = true) match {
          case Nil => unreachable
          case annot :: Nil => annot
          case _ => fail(token, "end of file")
        }
      case _: KwPrivate => privateModifier()
      case _: KwProtected => protectedModifier()
      case _: KwImplicit => atCurPosNext(Mod.Implicit())
      case _: KwFinal => atCurPosNext(Mod.Final())
      case _: KwSealed => atCurPosNext(Mod.Sealed())
      case _: KwOverride => atCurPosNext(Mod.Override())
      case _: KwCase => atCurPosNext(Mod.Case())
      case _: KwAbstract => atCurPosNext(Mod.Abstract())
      case _: KwLazy => atCurPosNext(Mod.Lazy())
      case _: KwVal if !dialect.allowUnquotes => atCurPosNext(Mod.ValParam())
      case _: KwVar if !dialect.allowUnquotes => atCurPosNext(Mod.VarParam())
      case t: Ident =>
        t.text match {
          case "+" => atCurPosNext(Mod.Covariant())
          case "-" => atCurPosNext(Mod.Contravariant())
          case "valparam" if dialect.allowUnquotes => atCurPosNext(Mod.ValParam())
          case "varparam" if dialect.allowUnquotes => atCurPosNext(Mod.VarParam())
          case soft.KwOpen() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Open())
          case soft.KwTransparent() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Transparent())
          case soft.KwInline() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Inline())
          case soft.KwInfix() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Infix())
          case soft.KwErased() => atCurPosNext(Mod.Erased())
          case _ => fail(t)
        }
      case t => fail(t)
    }
    newLinesOpt()
    mod
  }

  private def ctorModifiers(buf: ListBuffer[Mod]): Unit = token match {
    case t: Unquote => if (peekToken.is[LeftParen]) buf += unquote[Mod](t)
    case t: Ellipsis => buf += ellipsis[Mod](t, 1)
    case _: KwPrivate => buf += privateModifier()
    case _: KwProtected => buf += protectedModifier()
    case _ =>
  }

  private def tparamModifiers(buf: ListBuffer[Mod]): Unit = token match {
    case t: Unquote => if (peekToken.isAny[Ident, Unquote]) buf += unquote[Mod](t)
    case t: Ellipsis => buf += ellipsis[Mod](t, 1)
    case Ident("+") => buf += atCurPosNext(Mod.Covariant())
    case Ident("-") => buf += atCurPosNext(Mod.Contravariant())
    case _ =>
  }

  def modifiersBuf(
      buf: ListBuffer[Mod],
      isLocal: Boolean = false,
      isParams: Boolean = false
  ): Unit = {
    val mods = buf.view.drop(buf.length)
    def appendMod: Unit = {
      val mod = modifier(isLocal)
      if (!mod.is[Mod.Quasi]) {
        if (mods.exists(_.productPrefix == mod.productPrefix)) {
          syntaxError("repeated modifier", at = mod)
        }
        if (mods.exists(_.isNakedAccessMod) && mod.isNakedAccessMod) {
          if (mod.is[Mod.Protected])
            rejectModWith[Mod.Private](mod, mods)
          else if (mod.is[Mod.Private])
            rejectModWith[Mod.Protected](mod, mods)
        }
        if (mods.exists(_.isQualifiedAccessMod) && mod.isQualifiedAccessMod) {
          syntaxError("duplicate private/protected qualifier", at = mod)
        }
      }
      buf += mod
    }
    // the only things that can come after $mod or $mods are either keywords or names; the former is easy,
    // but in the case of the latter, we need to take care to not hastily parse those names as modifiers
    def continueLoop = peekToken match {
      case _: Colon | _: Equals | _: EOF | _: LeftBracket | _: Subtype | _: Supertype |
          _: Viewbound =>
        true
      case _ => false
    }
    @tailrec
    def loop: Unit = token match {
      case NonParamsModifier() if isParams =>
      case _: Unquote if continueLoop =>
      case _: EOL if !isLocal => next(); loop
      case _: Unquote | _: Ellipsis => appendMod; loop
      case _ if isModifier(tokenPos) => appendMod; loop
      case _ =>
    }
    loop
  }

  def annots(skipNewLines: Boolean, allowArgss: Boolean = true): List[Mod.Annot] =
    listBy[Mod.Annot](annotsBuf(_, skipNewLines, allowArgss))

  def annotsBuf[T >: Mod.Annot](
      annots: ListBuffer[T],
      skipNewLines: Boolean,
      insidePrimaryCtorAnnot: Boolean = false,
      allowArgss: Boolean = true
  ): Unit = {
    while (token match {
        case _: At =>
          next()
          annots += (token match {
            case t: Unquote => unquote[Mod.Annot](t)
            case _ =>
              autoEndPos(prevTokenPos) {
                Mod.Annot(initRest(exprSimpleType(), allowArgss, insidePrimaryCtorAnnot))
              }
          })
          true
        case t: Ellipsis if peekToken.is[At] =>
          annots += ellipsis[Mod.Annot](t, 1, next())
          true
        case _ => false
      }) {
      if (skipNewLines) newLineOpt()
    }
  }

  /* -------- PARAMETERS ------------------------------------------- */

  @tailrec
  private def onlyLastParameterCanBeRepeated(params: List[Term.Param]): Unit = params match {
    case p :: tail if tail.nonEmpty =>
      if (!p.is[Term.Param.Quasi] && p.decltpe.exists(_.is[Type.Repeated]))
        syntaxError("*-parameter must come last", p)
      onlyLastParameterCanBeRepeated(tail)
    case _ =>
  }

  def memberParamClauseGroups(
      ownerIsType: Boolean,
      ctxBoundsAllowed: Boolean
  ): List[Member.ParamClauseGroup] =
    listBy[Member.ParamClauseGroup] { groups =>
      @tailrec def iter(): Unit =
        getAfterOptNewLine(token match {
          case _: LeftParen =>
            val tparams = emptyTypeParams
            Some(autoPos {
              termParamClausesOnParen(ownerIsType, ellipsisMaxRank = 3) match {
                case (x: Quasi) :: Nil if x.rank == 2 => reellipsis[Member.ParamClauseGroup](x, 1)
                case x => Member.ParamClauseGroup(tparams, x)
              }
            })
          case _: LeftBracket =>
            Some(autoPos {
              val tparamClause = typeParamClauseOnBracket(ownerIsType, ctxBoundsAllowed)
              val paramClauses = termParamClauses(ownerIsType)
              Member.ParamClauseGroup(tparamClause, paramClauses)
            })
          case _ => None
        }) match {
          case Some(group) =>
            groups += group
            // can't have consecutive type clauses (so params must be present)
            // also, only the very last param may contain implicit
            val ok = group.is[Quasi] || group.paramClauses.lastOption
              .exists { x => x.is[Quasi] || !x.mod.exists(_.is[Mod.Implicit]) }
            if (ok) iter()
          case _ =>
        }
      iter()
    }

  def termParamClauses(
      ownerIsType: Boolean,
      ownerIsCase: Boolean = false
  ): List[Term.ParamClause] = {
    if (!isAfterOptNewLine[LeftParen]) Nil
    else termParamClausesOnParen(ownerIsType, ownerIsCase)
  }

  private def termParamClausesOnParen(
      ownerIsType: Boolean,
      ownerIsCase: Boolean = false,
      ellipsisMaxRank: Int = 2
  ): List[Term.ParamClause] = {
    var hadModImplicit = false
    def paramClause(first: Boolean) = autoPos(inParensOnOpenOr {
      def reduceParams(params: List[Term.Param], mod: Option[Mod.ParamsType] = None) =
        params.reduceWith { x =>
          onlyLastParameterCanBeRepeated(x)
          toParamClause(mod)(x)
        }
      def parseParams(mod: Option[Mod.ParamsType] = None) =
        reduceParams(
          commaSeparatedWithIndex(termParam(ownerIsCase && first, ownerIsType, mod = mod)),
          mod
        )
      token match {
        case t @ Ellipsis(rank) if rank >= 2 && rank <= ellipsisMaxRank =>
          reduceParams(List(ellipsis[Term.Param](t)))
        case _: KwImplicit =>
          hadModImplicit = true
          parseParams(Some(atCurPosNext(Mod.Implicit())))
        case soft.KwUsing() =>
          parseParams(Some(atCurPosNext(Mod.Using())))
        case _ => parseParams()
      }
    }(Term.ParamClause(Nil)))

    listBy[Term.ParamClause] { paramss =>
      paramss += paramClause(true)
      while (isAfterOptNewLine[LeftParen] && !hadModImplicit) {
        paramss += paramClause(false)
      }
    }
  }

  def paramType(): Type =
    autoPosOpt(token match {
      case RightArrow() =>
        val t = autoPos {
          next()
          Type.ByName(typ())
        }
        if (isStar && dialect.allowByNameRepeatedParameters) {
          next()
          Type.Repeated(t)
        } else {
          t
        }
      case _ =>
        val t = typ()
        if (!isStar) t
        else {
          next()
          Type.Repeated(t)
        }
    })

  def termParam(
      ownerIsCase: Boolean,
      ownerIsType: Boolean,
      mod: Option[Mod.ParamsType] = None
  )(paramIdx: Int): Term.Param = autoPos {
    val mods = new ListBuffer[Mod]
    annotsBuf(mods, skipNewLines = false)
    rejectMod[Mod.Open](mods, "Open modifier only applied to classes")
    val numAnnots = mods.length
    if (ownerIsType) {
      modifiersBuf(mods, isParams = true)
      rejectMod[Mod.Lazy](mods, "`lazy' modifier not allowed here, use call-by-name")
      rejectMod[Mod.Sealed](mods, "`sealed' modifier can be used only for classes")
      if (!mods.has[Mod.Override])
        rejectMod[Mod.Abstract](mods, Messages.InvalidAbstract)
    } else {
      @tailrec
      def otherMods(): Unit =
        if (peekToken.isNot[Colon]) {
          val mod = token.text match {
            case soft.KwInline() => Mod.Inline()
            case soft.KwErased() => Mod.Erased()
            case _ => null
          }
          if (mod ne null) {
            mods += atCurPosNext(mod)
            otherMods()
          }
        }
      otherMods()
    }
    val hasExplicitMods = mods.view.drop(numAnnots).exists {
      case _: Mod.Quasi => false
      case m: Mod.Private => m.within.is[Name.Anonymous]
      case m: Mod.Protected => m.within.is[Name.Anonymous]
      case _ => true
    }

    mod.foreach { mod =>
      val clazz = mod.getClass
      mods.find(_.getClass eq clazz) match {
        case None => mods += mod
        case Some(x) => if (paramIdx == 0) syntaxError("repeated modifier", at = x)
      }
    }

    val varOrVarParamMod = token match {
      case _ if !ownerIsType => None
      case _: KwVal => Some(atCurPosNext(Mod.ValParam()))
      case _: KwVar => Some(atCurPosNext(Mod.VarParam()))
      case _ => if (hasExplicitMods) syntaxErrorExpected[KwVal]; None
    }
    varOrVarParamMod.foreach(mods += _)

    def endParamQuasi = token.isAny[RightParen, Comma]
    mods.headOption
      .collect {
        case q: Mod.Quasi if endParamQuasi => q.become[Term.Param]
      }
      .orElse(token match {
        case t: Ellipsis => Some(ellipsis[Term.Param](t, 1))
        case _ => None
      })
      .getOrElse {
        val anonymousUsing = mod.exists(_.is[Mod.Using]) && !peekToken.is[Colon]
        val name = if (anonymousUsing) anonNameEmpty() else termName().become[Name]
        name match {
          case q: Quasi if endParamQuasi =>
            q.become[Term.Param]
          case _ =>
            val tpt =
              if (token.isNot[Colon] && name.is[Name.Quasi])
                None
              else {
                if (!anonymousUsing) accept[Colon]
                val tpt = paramType()
                if (tpt.is[Type.ByName]) {
                  def mayNotBeByName(mod: Mod) =
                    syntaxError(s"`$mod' parameters may not be call-by-name", at = name)
                  val isLocalToThis: Boolean =
                    (!ownerIsCase && varOrVarParamMod.isEmpty) || mods.exists {
                      case Mod.Private(_: Term.This) => true; case _ => false
                    }
                  val badMod =
                    if (ownerIsType && !isLocalToThis) varOrVarParamMod
                    else if (dialect.allowImplicitByNameParameters) None
                    else mod.find(_.is[Mod.Implicit])
                  badMod.foreach(mayNotBeByName)
                }
                Some(tpt)
              }
            val default = if (acceptOpt[Equals]) Some(expr()) else None
            Term.Param(mods.toList, name, tpt, default)
        }
      }
  }

  def quasiquoteTermParam(): Term.Param = entrypointTermParam()

  def entrypointTermParam(): Term.Param =
    termParam(ownerIsCase = false, ownerIsType = true)(0)

  private def emptyTypeParams: Type.ParamClause = autoPos(Type.ParamClause(Nil))

  private def typeParamClauseOpt(
      ownerIsType: Boolean,
      ctxBoundsAllowed: Boolean,
      allowUnderscore: Boolean = true
  ): Type.ParamClause =
    if (!isAfterOptNewLine[LeftBracket]) emptyTypeParams
    else typeParamClauseOnBracket(ownerIsType, ctxBoundsAllowed, allowUnderscore)

  private def typeParamClauseOnBracket(
      ownerIsType: Boolean,
      ctxBoundsAllowed: Boolean,
      allowUnderscore: Boolean = true
  ): Type.ParamClause = {
    TypeBracketsContext.within(autoPos(inBrackets(commaSeparated {
      typeParam(ownerIsType, ctxBoundsAllowed, allowUnderscore)
    }.reduceWith(Type.ParamClause.apply))))
  }

  def typeParam(
      ownerIsType: Boolean,
      ctxBoundsAllowed: Boolean,
      allowUnderscore: Boolean = true
  ): Type.Param = autoPos {
    val mods: List[Mod] = listBy[Mod] { buf =>
      annotsBuf(buf, skipNewLines = false)
      if (ownerIsType) tparamModifiers(buf)
    }
    def endTparamQuasi = token.isAny[RightBracket, Comma]
    mods.headOption match {
      case Some(q: Mod.Quasi) if endTparamQuasi =>
        q.become[Type.Param]
      case _ =>
        val name = token match {
          case t: Ident => typeName(t)
          case t: Unquote => unquote[Name](t)
          case _: Underscore if allowUnderscore =>
            namePlaceholder()
          case _ =>
            if (allowUnderscore) syntaxError("identifier or `_' expected", at = token)
            else syntaxError("identifier expected", at = token)
        }
        name match {
          case q: Quasi if endTparamQuasi =>
            q.become[Type.Param]
          case _ =>
            val tparams = typeParamClauseOpt(ownerIsType = true, ctxBoundsAllowed = false)
            val tbounds = typeBounds()
            val vbounds = new ListBuffer[Type]
            val cbounds = new ListBuffer[Type]
            if (ctxBoundsAllowed) {
              @inline def getBound(): Type = {
                next()
                token match {
                  case t: Ellipsis => ellipsis[Type](t, 1)
                  case _ => typ()
                }
              }
              if (token.is[Viewbound]) {
                if (!dialect.allowViewBounds) {
                  val msg = "Use an implicit parameter instead.\n" +
                    "Example: Instead of `def f[A <% Int](a: A)` " +
                    "use `def f[A](a: A)(implicit ev: A => Int)`."
                  syntaxError(s"View bounds are not supported. $msg", at = token)
                }
                doWhile {
                  vbounds += getBound()
                }(token.is[Viewbound])
              }
              while (token.is[Colon]) cbounds += getBound()
            }
            Type.Param(mods, name, tparams, tbounds, vbounds.toList, cbounds.toList)
        }
    }
  }

  def quasiquoteTypeParam(): Type.Param = entrypointTypeParam()

  def entrypointTypeParam(): Type.Param = typeParam(ownerIsType = true, ctxBoundsAllowed = true)

  def typeBounds() =
    autoPos(Type.Bounds(bound[Supertype], bound[Subtype]))

  def bound[T: ClassTag]: Option[Type] =
    if (acceptOpt[T]) Some(typ()) else None

  /* -------- DEFS ------------------------------------------- */

  def exportStmt(): Stat = autoPos {
    accept[KwExport]
    Export(commaSeparated(importer()))
  }

  def importStmt(): Import = autoPos {
    accept[KwImport]
    Import(commaSeparated(importer()))
  }

  def importer(): Importer = autoPos {
    val sid = stableId() match {
      case q: Quasi => q.become[Term.Ref]
      case sid @ Term.Select(q: Quasi, name) =>
        copyPos(sid)(Term.Select(q.become[Term.Ref], name))
      case path => path
    }
    def dotselectors = Importer(sid, importees())
    def name(tn: Term.Name) = copyPos(tn)(Name.Indeterminate(tn.value))
    sid match {
      case Term.Select(sid: Term.Ref, tn: Term.Name) if sid.isStableId =>
        if (acceptOpt[Dot]) dotselectors
        else if (acceptOpt(soft.KwAs(_))) {
          Importer(sid, importeeRename(name(tn)) :: Nil)
        } else if (Wildcard.isStar(tn.tokens.head)) {
          Importer(sid, copyPos(tn)(Importee.Wildcard()) :: Nil)
        } else {
          Importer(sid, copyPos(tn)(Importee.Name(name(tn))) :: Nil)
        }
      case tn: Term.Name if acceptOpt(soft.KwAs(_)) =>
        Importer(autoPos(Term.Anonymous()), importeeRename(name(tn)) :: Nil)
      case _ =>
        accept[Dot]
        dotselectors
    }
  }

  def quasiquoteImporter(): Importer = entrypointImporter()

  def entrypointImporter(): Importer = importer()

  def importees(): List[Importee] =
    if (!acceptOpt[LeftBrace]) {
      List(importWildcardOrName())
    } else {
      val importees = inBracesAfterOpen(commaSeparated(importee()))

      def lastIsGiven = importees.last.isAny[Importee.Given, Importee.GivenAll]
      val imp =
        if (importees.nonEmpty && lastIsGiven) importees.init else importees
      if (imp.nonEmpty) {
        imp.init.foreach {
          case importee: Importee.Wildcard =>
            syntaxError("Wildcard import must be in the last position", importee.pos)

          case _ => ()
        }
      }
      def importeesHaveWildcard = importees.exists {
        case Importee.Wildcard() => true
        case _ => false
      }
      if (dialect.allowGivenImports)
        importees.map {
          case importee @ Importee.Name(nm) if nm.value == "given" && importeesHaveWildcard =>
            copyPos(importee.name)(Importee.GivenAll())
          case i => i
        }
      else importees
    }

  def importWildcardOrName(): Importee = autoPos {
    token match {
      case Wildcard() => next(); Importee.Wildcard()
      case _: KwGiven => next(); if (token.is[Ident]) Importee.Given(typ()) else Importee.GivenAll()
      case t: Unquote => Importee.Name(unquote[Name.Quasi](t))
      case _ => val name = termName(); Importee.Name(copyPos(name)(Name.Indeterminate(name.value)))
    }
  }

  def importeeRename(from: Name) = autoEndPos(from) {
    importWildcardOrName() match {
      case to: Importee.Name => Importee.Rename(from, to.name)
      case _: Importee.Wildcard => Importee.Unimport(from)
      case other => unreachable(Map("importees" -> other, "importeesStructure" -> other.structure))
    }
  }

  def importee(): Importee = autoPos {
    importWildcardOrName() match {
      case from: Importee.Name if token.is[RightArrow] || soft.KwAs(token) =>
        next()
        importeeRename(from.name)
      // NOTE: this is completely nuts
      case from: Importee.Wildcard
          if (token.is[RightArrow] || soft.KwAs(token)) && nextIf(Wildcard.unapply(peekToken)) =>
        next()
        from
      case other =>
        other
    }
  }

  def quasiquoteImportee(): Importee = entrypointImportee()

  def entrypointImportee(): Importee = importee()

  def nonLocalDefOrDcl(
      enumCaseAllowed: Boolean = false,
      secondaryConstructorAllowed: Boolean = false
  ): Stat = {
    val mods = listBy[Mod] { buf =>
      annotsBuf(buf, skipNewLines = true)
      modifiersBuf(buf)
    }
    defOrDclOrSecondaryCtor(mods, enumCaseAllowed, secondaryConstructorAllowed) match {
      case s if s.isTemplateStat => s
      case other => syntaxError("is not a valid template statement", at = other)
    }
  }

  def defOrDclOrSecondaryCtor(
      mods: List[Mod],
      enumCaseAllowed: Boolean = false,
      secondaryConstructorAllowed: Boolean = false
  ): Stat = {
    onlyAcceptMod[Mod.Lazy](_.isAny[KwVal, KwGiven])(mods)(
      "lazy not allowed here. Only val/given can be lazy."
    )
    onlyAcceptMod[Mod.Opaque, KwType](mods, "opaque not allowed here. Only types can be opaque.")
    token match {
      case KwVal() | KwVar() =>
        patDefOrDcl(mods)
      case KwGiven() =>
        givenDecl(mods)
      case KwDef() =>
        if (!secondaryConstructorAllowed && peekToken.is[KwThis])
          syntaxError("Illegal secondary constructor", at = token.pos)
        funDefOrDclOrExtensionOrSecondaryCtor(mods)
      case KwType() =>
        typeDefOrDcl(mods)
      case _ if isKwExtension(tokenPos) =>
        extensionGroupDecl(mods)
      case KwCase() if dialect.allowEnums && enumCaseAllowed && peekToken.is[Ident] =>
        mods.find(mod => !mod.isAccessMod && !mod.is[Mod.Annot]) match {
          case Some(mod) =>
            syntaxError("Only access modifiers allowed on enum case", at = mod.pos)
          case None =>
            enumCaseDef(mods)
        }
      case KwCase() if dialect.allowEnums && peekToken.is[Ident] =>
        syntaxError("Enum cases are only allowed in enums", at = token.pos)
      case KwIf() if mods.size == 1 && mods.head.is[Mod.Inline] =>
        ifClause(mods)
      case _ if isExprIntro(token, tokenPos) && mods.size == 1 && mods.head.is[Mod.Inline] =>
        inlineMatchClause(mods)
      case _ =>
        tmplDef(mods)
    }
  }

  def endMarker(): Stat = autoPos {
    assert(token.text == "end")
    next()
    Term.EndMarker(atCurPosNext(Term.Name(token match {
      case t: Ident => t.value
      case t => t.text
    })))
  }

  def patDefOrDcl(mods: List[Mod]): Stat = autoEndPos(mods) {
    val isVal = token.is[KwVal]
    rejectMod[Mod.Sealed](mods, Messages.InvalidSealed)
    if (!mods.has[Mod.Override])
      rejectMod[Mod.Abstract](mods, Messages.InvalidAbstract)
    next()
    val lhs: List[Pat] = commaSeparated(noSeq.pattern2()).map {
      case name: Term.Name => copyPos(name)(Pat.Var(name))
      case pat => pat
    }
    val tpOpt: Option[Type] = typedOpt()

    if (acceptOpt[Equals]) {
      val rhs = expr()
      if (rhs.is[Term.Placeholder] && (tpOpt.isEmpty || isVal || !lhs.forall(_.is[Pat.Var])))
        syntaxError("unbound placeholder parameter", at = token)
      if (isVal)
        Defn.Val(mods, lhs, tpOpt, rhs)
      else
        Defn.Var(mods, lhs, tpOpt, rhs)
    } else {
      if (isVal && !dialect.allowLazyValAbstractValues)
        rejectMod[Mod.Lazy](mods, "lazy values may not be abstract")
      lhs.foreach { x =>
        if (!x.is[Quasi] && !x.is[Pat.Var])
          syntaxError("pattern definition may not be abstract", at = x)
      }
      tpOpt.fold { syntaxError("declaration requires a type", at = token) } { tp =>
        if (isVal)
          Decl.Val(mods, lhs, tp)
        else
          Decl.Var(mods, lhs, tp)
      }
    }
  }

  private def getParamClauseGroup(
      tparamClause: Type.ParamClause,
      paramClauses: List[Term.ParamClause]
  ): Option[Member.ParamClauseGroup] = {
    def pcGroup = Member.ParamClauseGroup(tparamClause, paramClauses)
    if (paramClauses.nonEmpty)
      Some(atPos(tparamClause, paramClauses.last)(pcGroup))
    else if (tparamClause.is[Quasi] || tparamClause.values.nonEmpty)
      Some(copyPos(tparamClause)(pcGroup))
    else None
  }

  /**
   * ```scala
   * Given             ::= 'given' GivenDef
   * GivenDef          ::=  [GivenSig] (Type [‘=’ Expr] | StructuralInstance)
   * GivenSig          ::=  [id] [DefTypeParamClause] {UsingParamClause} ‘:’
   * StructuralInstance ::=  ConstrApp {‘with’ ConstrApp} ‘with’ TemplateBody
   * ```
   */
  private def givenDecl(mods: List[Mod]): Stat = autoEndPos(mods) {
    accept[KwGiven]
    val (sigName, paramClauseGroup) = tryParse {
      Try {
        val name: meta.Name = token match {
          case t: Ident => termName(t)
          case _ => anonNameEmpty()
        }
        val tparams = typeParamClauseOpt(
          ownerIsType = false,
          ctxBoundsAllowed = true,
          allowUnderscore = dialect.allowTypeParamUnderscore
        )
        val uparamss =
          if (token.is[LeftParen] && soft.KwUsing(peekToken))
            termParamClausesOnParen(ownerIsType = false)
          else Nil
        if (acceptOpt[Colon]) {
          Some((name, getParamClauseGroup(tparams, uparamss)))
        } else {
          None
        }
      }.getOrElse {

        /**
         * We are first trying to parse non-anonymous given, which
         *   - requires `:` for type, if none is found it means it's anonymous
         *   - might fail in cases that anonymous type looks like type param
         *     {{{given Conversion[AppliedName, Expr.Apply[Id]] = ???}}} This will fail because type
         *     params cannot have `.`
         */
        None
      }
    }.getOrElse((anonNameEmpty(), None))

    val decltype = refinement(None).getOrElse(startModType())

    def parents() = {
      val parents = ListBuffer[Init](
        autoEndPos(decltype)(
          initRest(decltype, allowArgss = true, allowTypeSingleton = false)
        )
      )
      while (token.is[KwWith] && tryAhead[Ident]) parents += init()
      parents.toList
    }

    if (acceptOpt[Equals]) {
      Defn.GivenAlias(mods, sigName, paramClauseGroup, decltype, expr())
    } else if (token.isAny[KwWith, LeftParen]) {
      val inits = parents()
      val (slf, stats) = {
        if (inits.size > 1 && token.isNot[KwWith])
          syntaxError("expected 'with' <body>", at = token.pos)

        val needsBody = acceptOpt[KwWith]

        if (isAfterOptNewLine[LeftBrace]) {
          inBracesOnOpen(templateStatSeq())
        } else if (acceptOpt[Indentation.Indent]) {
          indentedAfterOpen(templateStatSeq())
        } else if (needsBody) {
          syntaxError("expected '{' or indentation", at = token.pos)
        } else (selfEmpty(), Nil)
      }
      val rhs = if (slf.decltpe.nonEmpty) {
        syntaxError("given cannot have a self type", at = slf.pos)
      } else {
        autoEndPos(decltype)(Template(Nil, inits, slf, stats, Nil))
      }
      Defn.Given(mods, sigName, paramClauseGroup, rhs)
    } else {
      sigName match {
        case name: Term.Name =>
          Decl.Given(mods, name, paramClauseGroup, decltype)
        case _ =>
          syntaxError("abstract givens cannot be anonymous", at = sigName.pos)
      }
    }
  }

  def funDefOrDclOrExtensionOrSecondaryCtor(mods: List[Mod]): Stat = {
    if (peekToken.isNot[KwThis]) funDefRest(mods)
    else secondaryCtor(mods)
  }

  // TmplDef           ::= ‘extension’ [DefTypeParamClause] ‘(’ DefParam ‘)’ {UsingParamClause} ExtMethods
  // ExtMethods        ::=  ExtMethod | [nl] ‘{’ ExtMethod {semi ExtMethod ‘}’
  // ExtMethod         ::=  {Annotation [nl]} {Modifier} ‘def’ DefDef
  def extensionGroupDecl(mods: List[Mod]): Defn.ExtensionGroup = autoEndPos(mods) {
    next() // 'extension'

    val tparams = typeParamClauseOpt(
      ownerIsType = false,
      ctxBoundsAllowed = true,
      allowUnderscore = dialect.allowTypeParamUnderscore
    )

    newLineOptWhenFollowedBy[LeftParen]

    val paramss = ListBuffer[Term.ParamClause]()

    def collectUparams(): Unit = {
      while (isAfterOptNewLine[LeftParen] && nextIf(soft.KwUsing(peekToken)))
        paramss += autoPrevPos {
          val mod = Some(atCurPos(Mod.Using()))
          inParensOnOpen(commaSeparatedWithIndex {
            termParam(ownerIsCase = false, ownerIsType = true, mod = mod)
          }).reduceWith(toParamClause(mod))
        }
    }

    collectUparams()

    paramss += autoPos(inParens(List(token match {
      case t @ Ellipsis(2) => ellipsis[Term.Param](t)
      case _ => termParam(ownerIsCase = false, ownerIsType = false)(0)
    })).reduceWith(toParamClause(None)))

    collectUparams()
    newLinesOpt()

    def getStats() = statSeq(templateStat())
    val body: Stat = token match {
      case _: LeftBrace => autoPos(Term.Block(inBracesOnOpen(getStats())))
      case _: Indentation.Indent =>
        val block = autoPos(Term.Block(indentedOnOpen(getStats())))
        block.stats match {
          case stat :: Nil => stat
          case _ => block
        }
      case _ if isDefIntro(tokenPos) => nonLocalDefOrDcl()
      case _ => syntaxError("Extension without extension method", token)
    }
    Defn.ExtensionGroup(getParamClauseGroup(tparams, paramss.toList), body)
  }

  def funDefRest(mods: List[Mod]): Stat = autoEndPos(mods) {
    accept[KwDef]
    rejectMod[Mod.Sealed](mods, Messages.InvalidSealed)
    rejectMod[Mod.Open](mods, Messages.InvalidOpen)
    if (!mods.has[Mod.Override])
      rejectMod[Mod.Abstract](mods, Messages.InvalidAbstract)
    val name = termName()
    def warnProcedureDeprecation = {
      val hint = s"Convert procedure `$name` to method by adding `: Unit =`."
      if (dialect.allowProcedureSyntax)
        deprecationWarning(s"Procedure syntax is deprecated. $hint", at = name)
      else
        syntaxError(s"Procedure syntax is not supported. $hint", at = name)
    }

    def nonInterleavedParamClauses = {
      val tparams = typeParamClauseOpt(ownerIsType = false, ctxBoundsAllowed = true)
      val paramss = termParamClauses(ownerIsType = false)
      getParamClauseGroup(tparams, paramss)
    }
    val paramClauses: List[Member.ParamClauseGroup] =
      if (dialect.allowParamClauseInterleaving)
        memberParamClauseGroups(ownerIsType = false, ctxBoundsAllowed = true)
      else nonInterleavedParamClauses.toList

    val restype = ReturnTypeContext.within(typedOpt())
    if (restype.isEmpty && isAfterOptNewLine[LeftBrace]) {
      warnProcedureDeprecation
      Defn.Def(mods, name, paramClauses, Some(autoPos(Type.Name("Unit"))), expr())
    } else if (token.is[RightBrace] || token.is[Indentation.Outdent] || StatSep(token)) {
      val decltype = restype.getOrElse {
        warnProcedureDeprecation
        autoPos(Type.Name("Unit"))
      }
      Decl.Def(mods, name, paramClauses, decltype)
    } else {
      accept[Equals]
      val isMacro = acceptOpt[KwMacro]
      val rhs = expr()
      if (isMacro) Defn.Macro(mods, name, paramClauses, restype, rhs)
      else Defn.Def(mods, name, paramClauses, restype, rhs)
    }
  }

  def typeDefOrDcl(mods: List[Mod]): Stat.TypeDef = autoEndPos(mods) {
    accept[KwType]
    rejectMod[Mod.Sealed](mods, Messages.InvalidSealed)
    rejectMod[Mod.Implicit](mods, Messages.InvalidImplicit)
    if (!mods.has[Mod.Override])
      rejectMod[Mod.Abstract](mods, Messages.InvalidAbstract)
    newLinesOpt()
    val name = typeName()
    val tparams = typeParamClauseOpt(ownerIsType = true, ctxBoundsAllowed = false)

    def aliasType() = {
      // empty bounds also need to have origin
      val emptyBounds = autoPos(Type.Bounds(None, None))
      Defn.Type(mods, name, tparams, typeIndentedOpt(), emptyBounds)
    }

    def abstractType() = {
      val bounds = typeBounds()
      if (acceptOpt[Equals]) {
        val tpe = typeIndentedOpt()
        if (tpe.is[Type.Match]) {
          Defn.Type(mods, name, tparams, tpe, bounds)
        } else {
          syntaxError("cannot combine bound and alias", at = tpe.pos)
        }
      } else {
        Decl.Type(mods, name, tparams, bounds)
      }
    }
    if (mods.exists(_.is[Mod.Opaque])) {
      val bounds = typeBounds()
      accept[Equals]
      Defn.Type(mods, name, tparams, typeIndentedOpt(), bounds)
    } else {
      token match {
        case Equals() => next(); aliasType()
        case Supertype() | Subtype() | Comma() | RightBrace() => abstractType()
        case StatSep() | Indentation.Outdent() => abstractType()
        case _ => syntaxError("`=', `>:', or `<:' expected", at = token)
      }
    }
  }

  /** Hook for IDE, for top-level classes/objects. */
  def topLevelTmplDef: Stat = tmplDef(listBy[Mod] { buf =>
    annotsBuf(buf, skipNewLines = true)
    modifiersBuf(buf)
  })

  def tmplDef(mods: List[Mod]): Stat = {
    if (!dialect.allowToplevelStatements) {
      rejectMod[Mod.Lazy](mods, Messages.InvalidLazyClasses)
    }
    token match {
      case KwTrait() =>
        traitDef(mods)
      case KwEnum() =>
        enumDef(mods)
      case KwClass() =>
        classDef(mods)
      case KwCase() if tryAhead[KwClass] =>
        classDef(mods :+ atPos(prevTokenPos)(Mod.Case()))
      case KwObject() =>
        objectDef(mods)
      case KwCase() if tryAhead[KwObject] =>
        objectDef(mods :+ atPos(prevTokenPos)(Mod.Case()))
      case Token.At() =>
        syntaxError("Annotations must precede keyword modifiers", at = token)
      case _ if dialect.allowToplevelStatements && isDefIntro(tokenPos) =>
        defOrDclOrSecondaryCtor(mods)
      case _ =>
        syntaxError(s"expected start of definition", at = token)
    }
  }

  def traitDef(mods: List[Mod]): Defn.Trait = autoEndPos(mods) {
    val assumedAbstract = atCurPos(Mod.Abstract())
    // Add `abstract` to traits for error reporting
    val fullMods = mods :+ assumedAbstract
    accept[KwTrait]
    rejectMod[Mod.Implicit](mods, Messages.InvalidImplicitTrait)
    val traitName = typeName()
    val culprit = s"trait $traitName"
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Final, Mod.Abstract](fullMods, Some(culprit))
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Override, Mod.Abstract](fullMods, Some(culprit))
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Open, Mod.Final](mods, Some(culprit))
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Open, Mod.Sealed](mods, Some(culprit))
    Defn.Trait(
      mods,
      traitName,
      typeParamClauseOpt(
        ownerIsType = true,
        ctxBoundsAllowed = dialect.allowTraitParameters,
        allowUnderscore = dialect.allowTypeParamUnderscore
      ),
      primaryCtor(OwnedByTrait),
      templateOpt(OwnedByTrait)
    )
  }

  def classDef(mods: List[Mod]): Defn.Class = autoEndPos(mods) {
    accept[KwClass]

    val className = typeName()
    def culprit = Some(s"class $className")
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Final, Mod.Sealed](mods, culprit)
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Open, Mod.Final](mods, culprit)
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Open, Mod.Sealed](mods, culprit)
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Case, Mod.Implicit](mods, culprit)
    val typeParams = typeParamClauseOpt(
      ownerIsType = true,
      ctxBoundsAllowed = true,
      allowUnderscore = dialect.allowTypeParamUnderscore
    )
    val ctor = primaryCtor(if (mods.has[Mod.Case]) OwnedByCaseClass else OwnedByClass)

    if (!dialect.allowCaseClassWithoutParameterList &&
      mods.has[Mod.Case] && ctor.paramClauses.isEmpty) {
      syntaxError(
        s"case classes must have a parameter list; try 'case class $className()' or 'case object $className'",
        at = token
      )
    }

    val tmpl = templateOpt(OwnedByClass)
    Defn.Class(mods, className, typeParams, ctor, tmpl)
  }

  // EnumDef           ::=  id ClassConstr InheritClauses EnumBody
  def enumDef(mods: List[Mod]): Defn.Enum = autoEndPos(mods) {
    accept[KwEnum]

    val enumName = typeName()
    val culprit = s"enum $enumName"

    onlyAllowedMods(
      mods,
      List(
        summonClassifierFunc[Mod, Mod.Private],
        summonClassifierFunc[Mod, Mod.Protected],
        summonClassifierFunc[Mod, Mod.Annot]
      ),
      culprit
    )

    val typeParams = typeParamClauseOpt(
      ownerIsType = true,
      ctxBoundsAllowed = true,
      allowUnderscore = dialect.allowTypeParamUnderscore
    )
    val ctor = primaryCtor(OwnedByEnum)
    val tmpl = templateOpt(OwnedByEnum)
    Defn.Enum(mods, enumName, typeParams, ctor, tmpl)
  }

  // EnumCase          ::=  ‘case’ (id ClassConstr [‘extends’ ConstrApps]] | ids)
  // ids               ::=  id {‘,’ id}
  // ClassConstr       ::=  [ClsTypeParamClause] [ConstrMods] ClsParamClauses
  def enumCaseDef(mods: List[Mod]): Stat = autoEndPos(mods) {
    accept[KwCase]
    if (token.is[Ident] && peekToken.is[Comma]) {
      enumRepeatedCaseDef(mods)
    } else {
      enumSingleCaseDef(mods)
    }
  }

  def enumRepeatedCaseDef(mods: List[Mod]): Defn.RepeatedEnumCase = {
    val values = commaSeparated(termName())
    Defn.RepeatedEnumCase(mods, values)
  }

  def enumSingleCaseDef(mods: List[Mod]): Defn.EnumCase = {
    val name = termName()
    val tparams = typeParamClauseOpt(
      ownerIsType = true,
      ctxBoundsAllowed = true,
      allowUnderscore = dialect.allowTypeParamUnderscore
    )
    val ctor = primaryCtor(OwnedByEnum)
    val inits = if (acceptOpt[KwExtends]) {
      templateParents(afterExtend = true)
    } else { List() }
    Defn.EnumCase(mods, name, tparams, ctor, inits)
  }

  def objectDef(mods: List[Mod]): Defn.Object = autoEndPos(mods) {
    accept[KwObject]
    val objectName = termName()
    val culprit = s"object $objectName"
    if (!mods.has[Mod.Override]) rejectMod[Mod.Abstract](mods, Messages.InvalidAbstract)
    rejectMod[Mod.Sealed](mods, Messages.InvalidSealed)
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Open, Mod.Final](mods, Some(culprit))
    rejectModCombination[Mod.Open, Mod.Sealed](mods, Some(culprit))
    Defn.Object(mods, objectName, templateOpt(OwnedByObject))
  }

  /* -------- CONSTRUCTORS ------------------------------------------- */

  def primaryCtor(owner: TemplateOwner): Ctor.Primary = autoPos {
    if (owner.isPrimaryCtorAllowed) {
      val mods = listBy[Mod] { buf =>
        annotsBuf(buf, skipNewLines = false, allowArgss = false, insidePrimaryCtorAnnot = true)
        ctorModifiers(buf)
      }
      val name = anonNameEmpty()
      val paramss = termParamClauses(ownerIsType = true, owner == OwnedByCaseClass)
      Ctor.Primary(mods, name, paramss)
    } else {
      Ctor.Primary(Nil, anonNameEmpty(), Seq.empty[Term.ParamClause])
    }
  }

  def secondaryCtor(mods: List[Mod]): Ctor.Secondary = autoEndPos(mods) {
    accept[KwDef]
    rejectMod[Mod.Sealed](mods, Messages.InvalidSealed)
    expect[KwThis]
    val name = nameThis()
    if (token.isNot[LeftParen]) {
      syntaxError("auxiliary constructor needs non-implicit parameter list", at = token.pos)
    } else {
      val paramss = termParamClauses(ownerIsType = true)
      secondaryCtorRest(mods, name, paramss)
    }
  }

  def quasiquoteCtor(): Ctor = autoPos {
    val mods = listBy[Mod] { buf =>
      annotsBuf(buf, skipNewLines = true)
      modifiersBuf(buf)
    }
    rejectMod[Mod.Sealed](mods, Messages.InvalidSealed)
    accept[KwDef]
    val beforeThisPos = prevTokenPos
    val thisPos = tokenPos
    accept[KwThis]
    val paramss = termParamClauses(ownerIsType = true)
    newLineOptWhenFollowedBy[LeftBrace]
    if (token.is[EOF])
      Ctor.Primary(mods, atPos(thisPos, beforeThisPos)(Name.Anonymous()), paramss)
    else secondaryCtorRest(mods, atPos(thisPos)(Name.This()), paramss)
  }

  def entrypointCtor(): Ctor = {
    ???
  }

  def secondaryCtorRest(
      mods: List[Mod],
      name: Name.This,
      paramss: Seq[Term.ParamClause]
  ): Ctor.Secondary = {
    val hasLeftBrace = isAfterOptNewLine[LeftBrace] || { accept[Equals]; token.is[LeftBrace] }
    val (init, stats) =
      if (hasLeftBrace) inBracesOnOpen(constrInternal())
      else if (acceptOpt[Indentation.Indent]) indentedAfterOpen(constrInternal())
      else (initInsideConstructor(), Nil)
    Ctor.Secondary(mods, name, paramss, init, stats)
  }

  def constrInternal(): (Init, List[Stat]) = {
    val init = initInsideConstructor()
    val stats = if (acceptOpt(StatSep(_))) blockStatSeq() else Nil
    (init, stats)
  }

  def initInsideConstructor(): Init = {
    def tpe = {
      expect[KwThis]
      val t = anonThis()
      copyPos(t)(Type.Singleton(t))
    }
    initRest(tpe, allowArgss = true, allowBraces = true)
  }

  def initInsideTemplate(): Init = {
    initRest(startModType(), allowArgss = true, allowTypeSingleton = false)
  }

  def quasiquoteInit(): Init = entrypointInit()

  def entrypointInit(): Init = {
    token match {
      case KwThis() => initInsideConstructor()
      case _ => initInsideTemplate()
    }
  }

  def initRest(
      typeParser: => Type,
      allowArgss: Boolean,
      insidePrimaryCtorAnnot: Boolean = false,
      allowBraces: Boolean = false,
      allowTypeSingleton: Boolean = true
  ): Init = autoPosOpt {
    def isPendingArglist(t: Token) = t.is[LeftParen] || (t.is[LeftBrace] && allowBraces)
    def newlineOpt() = {
      if (dialect.allowSignificantIndentation)
        newLineOptWhenFollowedBySignificantIndentationAnd(_.isAny[LeftBrace, LeftParen])
      else if (allowBraces) newLineOptWhenFollowedBy[LeftBrace]
    }
    token match {
      case t: Unquote if !isPendingArglist(peekToken) =>
        unquote[Init](t)
      case _ =>
        val tpe = typeParser
        if (!allowTypeSingleton && tpe.is[Type.Singleton])
          syntaxError(s"class type required but $tpe found", at = tpe.pos)
        val name = anonNameEmpty()
        val argss = listBy[Term.ArgClause] { argss =>
          def isLegalAnnotArg(): Boolean = peekToken match {
            // explained here:
            // https://github.com/lampepfl/dotty/blob/675ae0c6440d5527150d650ad45d20fda5e03e69/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/parsing/Parsers.scala#L2581
            case _: RightParen => argss.isEmpty
            case _: Ident => !ahead(peekToken.is[Colon])
            case _: At => false
            case _ => !isModifier(peekIndex)
          }
          def maybeBody() = {
            newlineOpt()
            token match {
              case _: LeftParen if !insidePrimaryCtorAnnot || isLegalAnnotArg() =>
                argss += getArgClauseOnParen()
                true
              case _: LeftBrace if allowBraces =>
                argss += getArgClauseOnBrace()
                true
              case _ => false
            }
          }
          if (maybeBody() && allowArgss) while (maybeBody()) {}
        }
        Init(tpe, name, argss)
    }
  }

  /* ---------- SELFS --------------------------------------------- */

  def quasiquoteSelf(): Self = self(quasiquote = true)

  def entrypointSelf(): Self = self(quasiquote = false)

  private def selfEmpty(): Self = {
    val name = anonNameEmpty()
    copyPos(name)(Self(name, None))
  }

  private def self(quasiquote: Boolean): Self =
    selfEither(quasiquote).fold(syntaxError(_, token), identity)

  private def selfEitherImpl(): Either[String, Self] = {
    val name = token match {
      case t: Ident => termName(t)
      case _: KwThis => nameThis()
      case _: Underscore => namePlaceholder()
      case t: Unquote =>
        if (peekToken.is[Colon]) unquote[Name.Quasi](t)
        else return Right(unquote[Self.Quasi](t))
      case _ =>
        return Left("expected identifier, `this' or unquote")
    }
    // possible fewer braces after colon
    if (!peekToken.isAny[Indentation, EOL]) Right(Self(name, getDeclTpeOpt(fullTypeOK = false)))
    else if (!token.is[Colon]) Right(Self(name, None))
    else Left("missing type after self")
  }

  private def selfEither(quasiquote: Boolean = false): Either[String, Self] = {
    val startPos = tokenPos
    selfEitherImpl().right.map { self =>
      token match {
        case _: RightArrow => next()
        case _: EOF if quasiquote =>
        case _ => return Left("expected `=>`")
      }
      autoEndPos(startPos)(self)
    }
  }

  /* -------- TEMPLATES ------------------------------------------- */

  sealed trait TemplateOwner {
    def isEnumCaseAllowed: Boolean
    def isPrimaryCtorAllowed(implicit dialect: Dialect): Boolean
    def isSecondaryCtorAllowed: Boolean
  }
  object OwnedByTrait extends TemplateOwner {
    final override def isEnumCaseAllowed: Boolean = false
    final override def isPrimaryCtorAllowed(implicit dialect: Dialect): Boolean =
      dialect.allowTraitParameters
    final override def isSecondaryCtorAllowed: Boolean = false
  }
  object OwnedByCaseClass extends TemplateOwner {
    final override def isEnumCaseAllowed: Boolean = false
    final override def isPrimaryCtorAllowed(implicit dialect: Dialect): Boolean = true
    final override def isSecondaryCtorAllowed: Boolean = true
  }
  object OwnedByClass extends TemplateOwner {
    final override def isEnumCaseAllowed: Boolean = false
    final override def isPrimaryCtorAllowed(implicit dialect: Dialect): Boolean = true
    final override def isSecondaryCtorAllowed: Boolean = true
  }
  object OwnedByEnum extends TemplateOwner {
    final override def isEnumCaseAllowed: Boolean = true
    final override def isPrimaryCtorAllowed(implicit dialect: Dialect): Boolean = true
    final override def isSecondaryCtorAllowed: Boolean = true
  }
  object OwnedByObject extends TemplateOwner {
    final override def isEnumCaseAllowed: Boolean = false
    final override def isPrimaryCtorAllowed(implicit dialect: Dialect): Boolean = false
    final override def isSecondaryCtorAllowed: Boolean = false
  }

  def init() = {
    token match {
      case t: Ellipsis => ellipsis[Init](t, 1)
      case _ => initInsideTemplate()
    }
  }

  def templateParents(
      afterExtend: Boolean = false
  ): List[Init] = {
    def isCommaSeparated(token: Token): Boolean =
      afterExtend && token.is[Comma] && dialect.allowCommaSeparatedExtend
    val parents = ListBuffer[Init]()
    parents += init()
    while (token.is[KwWith] || isCommaSeparated(token)) { next(); parents += init() }
    parents.toList
  }

  def derivesClasses(): List[Type] = {
    if (isAfterOptNewLine(soft.KwDerives(_))) {
      next()
      newLineOpt()
      val deriving = ListBuffer[Type]()
      doWhile {
        token match {
          case t: Ellipsis => deriving += ellipsis[Type](t, 1)
          case _ => deriving += startModType()
        }
      }(acceptOpt[Comma])
      deriving.toList
    } else {
      Nil
    }
  }

  private def templateAfterExtends(
      owner: TemplateOwner,
      parents: List[Init] = Nil,
      edefs: List[Stat] = Nil
  ): Template = {
    val derived = derivesClasses()
    val (self, body) = templateBodyOpt(owner)
    Template(edefs, parents, self, body, derived)
  }

  def template(
      owner: TemplateOwner,
      afterExtend: Boolean = false
  ): Template = autoPos {
    if (isAfterOptNewLine[LeftBrace]) {
      // @S: pre template body cannot stub like post body can!
      val (self, body) = templateBody(owner)
      if (token.is[KwWith] && self.isEmpty) {
        val edefs = body.map(ensureEarlyDef)
        next()
        val parents = templateParents(afterExtend)
        templateAfterExtends(owner, parents, edefs)
      } else {
        Template(Nil, Nil, self, body, Nil)
      }
    } else {
      val parents = if (token.is[Colon]) Nil else templateParents(afterExtend)
      templateAfterExtends(owner, parents)
    }
  }

  def quasiquoteTemplate(): Template = entrypointTemplate()

  def entrypointTemplate(): Template = autoPos(template(OwnedByClass))

  def ensureEarlyDef(tree: Stat): Stat = tree match {
    case q: Quasi => q
    case v: Defn.Val => v
    case v: Defn.Var => v
    case t: Defn.Type => t
    case other => syntaxError("not a valid early definition", at = other)
  }

  def templateOpt(owner: TemplateOwner): Template = autoPos {
    if (token.is[Unquote] && (peekToken match {
        case _: Dot | _: Hash | _: At | _: Ellipsis | _: LeftParen | _: LeftBracket | _: LeftBrace |
            _: KwWith =>
          false
        case _ => true
      })) {
      unquote[Template](token.asInstanceOf[Unquote])
    } else if (acceptOpt[KwExtends] || (owner eq OwnedByTrait) && acceptOpt[Subtype]) {
      template(owner, afterExtend = true)
    } else {
      templateAfterExtends(owner)
    }
  }

  @inline private def templateBody(owner: TemplateOwner): (Self, List[Stat]) =
    inBraces(templateStatSeq(owner))

  def templateBodyOpt(owner: TemplateOwner): (Self, List[Stat]) = {
    if (isAfterOptNewLine[LeftBrace]) {
      templateBody(owner)
    } else if (token.is[Colon] && peekToken.isAny[Indentation, EOL]) {
      next()
      if (!token.is[Indentation.Indent]) syntaxError("expected template body", token)
      indentedOnOpen(templateStatSeq(owner))
    } else if (token.is[LeftParen]) {
      if (owner.isPrimaryCtorAllowed)
        syntaxError("unexpected opening parenthesis", at = token)
      else {
        val what = owner.getClass.getSimpleName.stripPrefix("OwnedBy")
        syntaxError(s"$what may not have parameters", at = token)
      }
    } else {
      (selfEmpty(), Nil)
    }
  }

  private def refineWith(innerType: Option[Type], stats: => List[Stat]) =
    autoEndPos(innerType)(Type.Refine(innerType, stats))

  private def refinement(innerType: Option[Type]): Option[Type] =
    if (!dialect.allowSignificantIndentation)
      refinementInBraces(innerType, -1)
    else if (!token.isAny[Colon, KwWith])
      refinementInBraces(innerType, in.previousIndentation + 1)
    else if (tryAhead[Indentation.Indent])
      Some(refineWith(innerType, indented(refineStatSeq())))
    else innerType

  @tailrec
  private def refinementInBraces(innerType: Option[Type], minIndent: Int): Option[Type] = {
    val notRefined = token match {
      case t: LeftBrace =>
        minIndent > 0 && t.pos.startColumn < minIndent &&
        prevToken.pos.endLine < t.pos.endLine
      case _: EOL =>
        minIndent > 0 && peekToken.pos.startColumn < minIndent ||
        !tryAhead[LeftBrace]
      case _ => true
    }
    if (notRefined) innerType
    else refinementInBraces(Some(refineWith(innerType, inBraces(refineStatSeq()))), minIndent)
  }

  def existentialStats(): List[Stat] = inBraces(refineStatSeq()) map {
    case stat if stat.isExistentialStat => stat
    case other => syntaxError("not a legal existential clause", at = other)
  }

  /* -------- STATSEQS ------------------------------------------- */

  private val consumeStat: PartialFunction[Token, Stat] = {
    case KwImport() => importStmt()
    case KwExport() => exportStmt()
    case KwPackage() =>
      packageOrPackageObjectDef(if (dialect.allowToplevelTerms) consumeStat else topStat)
    case _ if isDefIntro(tokenPos) => nonLocalDefOrDcl(secondaryConstructorAllowed = true)
    case _ if isEndMarkerIntro(tokenPos) => endMarker()
    case _ if isIdentOrExprIntro(token) => stat(expr(location = NoStat, allowRepeated = true))
    case t: Ellipsis => ellipsis[Stat](t, 1)
  }

  def quasiquoteStat(): Stat = {
    def failEmpty() = {
      syntaxError("unexpected end of input", at = token)
    }
    def failMix(advice: Option[String]) = {
      val message = "these statements can't be mixed together"
      val addendum = advice.fold("")(", " + _)
      syntaxError(message + addendum, at = tokens.head)
    }
    statSeq(consumeStat) match {
      case Nil => failEmpty()
      case (stat @ Stat.Quasi(1, _)) :: Nil => Term.Block(List(stat))
      case stat :: Nil => stat
      case stats if stats.forall(_.isBlockStat) => Term.Block(stats)
      case stats if stats.forall(_.isTopLevelStat) => failMix(Some("try source\"...\" instead"))
      case _ => failMix(None)
    }
  }

  def entrypointStat(): Stat = {
    @tailrec
    def skipStatementSeparators(): Unit = {
      if (token.is[EOF]) return
      if (!acceptOpt(StatSep(_))) syntaxErrorExpected[EOF]
      skipStatementSeparators()
    }
    val maybeStat = consumeStat.lift(token)
    val stat = maybeStat.getOrElse(syntaxError("unexpected start of statement", at = token))
    skipStatementSeparators()
    stat
  }

  def stat(body: => Stat): Stat = {
    body.become[Stat]
  }

  def statSeq[T <: Tree](
      statpf: PartialFunction[Token, T],
      errorMsg: String = "illegal start of definition"
  ): List[T] = {
    listBy[T](statSeqBuf(_, statpf, errorMsg))
  }

  def statSeqBuf[T <: Tree](
      stats: ListBuffer[T],
      statpf: PartialFunction[Token, T],
      errorMsg: String = "illegal start of definition"
  ): Boolean = {
    val isIndented = acceptOpt[Indentation.Indent]
    val statpfAdd = statpf.runWith(stats += _)

    while (!StatSeqEnd(token)) {
      if (statpfAdd(token)) acceptStatSepOpt()
      else if (StatSep(token)) acceptStatSep()
      else syntaxError(errorMsg + s" ${token.name}", at = token)
    }

    if (isIndented) accept[Indentation.Outdent]
    isIndented
  }

  val topStat: PartialFunction[Token, Stat] = {
    case t: Ellipsis =>
      ellipsis[Stat](t, 1)
    case t: Unquote =>
      unquote[Stat](t)
    case KwPackage() =>
      packageOrPackageObjectDef(topStat)
    case KwImport() =>
      importStmt()
    case KwExport() =>
      exportStmt()
    case _ if isTemplateIntro(tokenPos) =>
      topLevelTmplDef
    case _ if isEndMarkerIntro(tokenPos) =>
      endMarker()
    case _ if dialect.allowToplevelStatements && isDefIntro(tokenPos) =>
      nonLocalDefOrDcl()
  }

  @inline private def templateStatSeq(owner: TemplateOwner): (Self, List[Stat]) =
    templateStatSeq(owner.isEnumCaseAllowed, owner.isSecondaryCtorAllowed)

  private def templateStatSeq(
      enumCaseAllowed: Boolean = false,
      secondaryConstructorAllowed: Boolean = false
  ): (Self, List[Stat]) = {
    val selfTreeOpt = tryParse(selfEither().right.toOption)
    val selfTree = selfTreeOpt.getOrElse(selfEmpty())
    val stats = listBy[Stat] { buf =>
      def getStats() =
        statSeqBuf(buf, templateStat(enumCaseAllowed, secondaryConstructorAllowed))
      val wasIndented = getStats() // some stats could be indented relative to self-type
      if (wasIndented && selfTreeOpt.isDefined) getStats() // and the rest might not be
    }
    (selfTree, stats)
  }

  def templateStat(
      enumCaseAllowed: Boolean = false,
      secondaryConstructorAllowed: Boolean = false
  ): PartialFunction[Token, Stat] = {
    case KwImport() =>
      importStmt()
    case KwExport() =>
      exportStmt()
    case _ if isDefIntro(tokenPos) =>
      nonLocalDefOrDcl(enumCaseAllowed, secondaryConstructorAllowed)
    case t: Unquote =>
      unquote[Stat](t)
    case t: Ellipsis =>
      ellipsis[Stat](t, 1)
    case _ if isEndMarkerIntro(tokenPos) =>
      endMarker()
    case _ if isIdentOrExprIntro(token) =>
      expr(location = TemplateStat, allowRepeated = false)
  }

  def refineStatSeq(): List[Stat] = listBy[Stat] { stats =>
    while (!StatSeqEnd(token)) {
      refineStat().foreach(stats += _)
      if (token.isNot[RightBrace] && token.isNot[Indentation.Outdent]) acceptStatSep()
    }
  }

  def refineStat(): Option[Stat] = token match {
    case t: Ellipsis => Some(ellipsis[Stat](t, 1))
    case _ if isDclIntro(tokenPos) =>
      val stat = defOrDclOrSecondaryCtor(Nil)
      if (stat.isRefineStat) Some(stat)
      else syntaxError("is not a valid refinement declaration", at = stat)
    case StatSep() => None
    case _ if ReturnTypeContext.isInside() =>
      syntaxError(
        "illegal start of declaration (possible cause: missing `=' in front of current method body)",
        at = token
      )
    case _ => syntaxError("illegal start of declaration", at = token)
  }

  def localDef(implicitMod: Option[Mod.Implicit]): Stat = {
    val mods = listBy[Mod] { buf =>
      annotsBuf(buf, skipNewLines = true)
      implicitMod.foreach(buf += _)
      modifiersBuf(buf, isLocal = true)
    }
    if (mods.forall {
        case _: Mod.Implicit | _: Mod.Lazy | _: Mod.Inline | _: Mod.Infix | _: Mod.Annot => true
        case _ => false
      })
      defOrDclOrSecondaryCtor(mods)
    else
      tmplDef(mods) match {
        case stat: Decl.Type if dialect.allowTypeInBlock => stat
        case stat: Decl.Type => syntaxError("is not a valid block statement", at = stat)
        case stat if stat.isBlockStat => stat
        case other => syntaxError("is not a valid block statement", at = other)
      }
  }

  def blockStatSeq(allowRepeated: Boolean = false): List[Stat] = listBy[Stat] { stats =>
    def notCaseDefEnd(): Boolean = token match {
      case _: RightBrace | _: RightParen | _: EOF | _: Indentation.Outdent => false
      case _: KwCase => !isCaseIntroOnKwCase()
      case _: Ellipsis => !peekToken.is[KwCase]
      case _ => true
    }

    @tailrec def iter(): Unit = if (notCaseDefEnd()) token match {
      case _: KwExport =>
        stats += exportStmt()
        acceptStatSepOpt()
        iter()
      case _: KwImport =>
        stats += importStmt()
        acceptStatSepOpt()
        iter()
      case _: KwImplicit =>
        val implicitPos = tokenPos
        next()
        if (token.is[Ident] && !isSoftModifier(tokenPos)) stats += implicitClosure(BlockStat)
        else stats += localDef(Some(atPos(implicitPos)(Mod.Implicit())))
        if (notCaseDefEnd()) {
          acceptStatSepOpt()
          iter()
        }
      case t if !isNonlocalModifier(t) && isDefIntro(tokenPos) =>
        stats += localDef(None)
        if (notCaseDefEnd()) {
          acceptStatSepOpt()
          iter()
        }
      case _ if isEndMarkerIntro(tokenPos) =>
        stats += endMarker()
        iter()
      case _ if isIdentOrExprIntro(token) =>
        stats += stat(expr(location = BlockStat, allowRepeated = allowRepeated))
        if (notCaseDefEnd()) {
          acceptStatSep()
          iter()
        }
      case StatSep() =>
        next()
        iter()
      case t: Ellipsis =>
        stats += ellipsis[Stat](t, 1)
        iter()
      case _ =>
        syntaxError("illegal start of statement", at = token)
    }
    iter()
    if (allowRepeated && stats.length > 1)
      stats.foreach {
        case t: Term.Repeated => syntaxError("repeated argument not allowed here", at = t)
        case _ =>
      }
  }

  def packageOrPackageObjectDef(statpf: PartialFunction[Token, Stat]): Stat = autoPos {
    accept[KwPackage]
    if (acceptOpt[KwObject])
      Pkg.Object(Nil, termName(), templateOpt(OwnedByObject))
    else {
      def packageBody =
        if (isColonIndent()) {
          next()
          indentedOnOpen(statSeq(statpf))
        } else {
          inBracesOrNil(statSeq(statpf))
        }
      Pkg(qualId(), packageBody)
    }
  }

  def source(): Source = autoPos {
    batchSource(if (dialect.allowToplevelTerms) consumeStat else topStat)
  }

  def quasiquoteSource(): Source = entrypointSource()

  def entrypointSource(): Source = source()

  def batchSource(statpf: PartialFunction[Token, Stat] = topStat): Source = autoPos {
    val buf = new ListBuffer[Stat]
    @tailrec
    def bracelessPackageStats(f: List[Stat] => List[Stat]): List[Stat] = token match {
      case _: EOF => f(buf.toList)
      case StatSep() =>
        next()
        bracelessPackageStats(f)
      case _: KwPackage if tryAheadNot[KwObject] =>
        val startPos = prevTokenPos
        val qid = qualId()
        def inPackage(stats: => List[Stat]) = {
          buf += autoEndPos(startPos)(Pkg(qid, stats))
          acceptStatSepOpt()
        }
        if (token.is[LeftBrace]) {
          inPackage(inBracesOnOpen(statSeq(statpf)))
          bracelessPackageStats(f)
        } else if (isColonIndent()) {
          next()
          inPackage(indentedOnOpen(statSeq(statpf)))
          bracelessPackageStats(f)
        } else {
          bracelessPackageStats(x => f(List(autoEndPos(startPos)(Pkg(qid, x)))))
        }
      case _: LeftBrace =>
        inBracesOnOpen(statSeqBuf(buf, statpf))
        f(buf.toList)
      case _ =>
        statSeqBuf(buf, statpf)
        f(buf.toList)
    }
    val bracelessPackageStatsOpt: Option[List[Stat]] = if (token.is[KwPackage]) tryParse {
      val startPos = tokenPos
      next()
      if (token.is[KwObject]) None
      else {
        val ref = qualId()
        newLineOpt()
        if (token.is[LeftBrace] || isColonIndent()) None
        else Some(List(autoEndPos(startPos)(Pkg(ref, bracelessPackageStats(identity)))))
      }
    }
    else None
    Source(bracelessPackageStatsOpt.getOrElse { statSeqBuf(buf, statpf); buf.toList })
  }
}

object ScalametaParser {

  def doWhile(body: => Unit)(cond: => Boolean): Unit = {
    body
    while (cond) body
  }

  private def dropOuterBlock(term: Term.Block): Term =
    term.stats match {
      case (stat: Term) :: Nil => stat
      case _ => term
    }

  private def maybeAnonymousFunction(t: Term): Term = {
    val ok = PlaceholderChecks.hasPlaceholder(t, includeArg = false)
    if (ok) copyPos(t)(Term.AnonymousFunction(t)) else t
  }

  private def maybeAnonymousLambda(t: Type)(implicit dialect: Dialect): Type = {
    val ok = dialect.allowTypeLambdas && PlaceholderChecks.hasAnonymousParam(t, includeArg = false)
    if (ok) copyPos(t)(Type.AnonymousLambda(t)) else t
  }

  private def toParamClause(mod: Option[Mod.ParamsType]): List[Term.Param] => Term.ParamClause =
    if (mod.isDefined) Term.ParamClause(_, mod)
    else { v => Term.ParamClause(v, Term.ParamClause.getMod(v)) }

  private implicit class ImplicitTree[T <: Tree](private val tree: T) extends AnyVal {

    def become[A >: T <: Tree: AstInfo]: A =
      tree match {
        case q: Quasi => q.become[A]
        case _ => tree
      }

    def becomeOr[A <: Tree: AstInfo](f: T => A): A = {
      tree match {
        case q: Quasi => q.become[A]
        case _ => f(tree)
      }
    }

  }

  private def copyPos[T <: Tree](tree: Tree)(body: => T): T = {
    body.withOrigin(tree.origin)
  }

  @inline
  private def quasi[T <: Tree](rank: Int, tree: Tree)(implicit astInfo: AstInfo[T]): T with Quasi =
    astInfo.quasi(rank, tree)

  private def reellipsis[T <: Tree: AstInfo](q: Quasi, rank: Int): T = {
    val became = q.become[T]
    if (became.rank != rank) copyPos(became)(quasi[T](rank, became.tree)) else became
  }

  private implicit class XtensionList[A <: Tree](private val list: List[A]) extends AnyVal {
    def reduceWith[B <: Tree: AstInfo](f: List[A] => B, reduceRank: Int = 1): B =
      ScalametaParser.reduceAs[A, B, B](list, f, reduceRank)
  }

  private def reduceAs[A <: Tree, B <: Tree, C <: B: AstInfo](
      list: List[A],
      f: List[A] => B,
      reduceRank: Int = 1
  ): B = list match {
    case (t: Quasi) :: Nil if t.rank >= reduceRank => reellipsis[C](t, t.rank - reduceRank)
    case v => f(v)
  }

  private val bigIntMaxInt = BigInt(Int.MaxValue) + 1
  private val bigIntMaxUInt = bigIntMaxInt << 1

  private val bigIntMaxLong = BigInt(Long.MaxValue) + 1
  private val bigIntMaxULong = bigIntMaxLong << 1

}

class Location private (
    val value: Int,
    val anonFuncOK: Boolean = true,
    val funcParamOK: Boolean = false,
    val fullTypeOK: Boolean = false
)
object Location {
  val NoStat = new Location(0, funcParamOK = true, fullTypeOK = true)
  val BlockStat = new Location(1, funcParamOK = true)
  val TemplateStat = new Location(2)
  val PostfixStat = new Location(3, anonFuncOK = false, fullTypeOK = true)
  val UnquoteStat = new Location(4, anonFuncOK = false)
}

object InfixMode extends Enumeration {
  val FirstOp, LeftOp, RightOp = Value
}