diff --git a/src/change_stream.ts b/src/change_stream.ts
index 45deb2b97f..9e4ea69452 100644
--- a/src/change_stream.ts
+++ b/src/change_stream.ts
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ const kResumeQueue = Symbol('resumeQueue');
 const kCursorStream = Symbol('cursorStream');
 /** @internal */
 const kClosed = Symbol('closed');
+/** @internal */
+const kMode = Symbol('mode');
 
 const CHANGE_STREAM_OPTIONS = ['resumeAfter', 'startAfter', 'startAtOperationTime', 'fullDocument'];
 const CURSOR_OPTIONS = ['batchSize', 'maxAwaitTimeMS', 'collation', 'readPreference'].concat(
@@ -206,6 +208,8 @@ export class ChangeStream<TSchema extends Document = Document> extends TypedEven
   [kCursorStream]?: Readable;
   /** @internal */
   [kClosed]: boolean;
+  /** @internal */
+  [kMode]: false | 'iterator' | 'emitter';
 
   /** @event */
   static readonly RESPONSE = 'response' as const;
@@ -272,6 +276,7 @@ export class ChangeStream<TSchema extends Document = Document> extends TypedEven
     this.cursor = createChangeStreamCursor(this, options);
 
     this[kClosed] = false;
+    this[kMode] = false;
 
     // Listen for any `change` listeners being added to ChangeStream
     this.on('newListener', eventName => {
@@ -299,6 +304,7 @@ export class ChangeStream<TSchema extends Document = Document> extends TypedEven
 
   /** Check if there is any document still available in the Change Stream */
   hasNext(callback?: Callback): Promise<void> | void {
+    setIsIterator(this);
     return maybePromise(callback, cb => {
       getCursor(this, (err, cursor) => {
         if (err || !cursor) return cb(err); // failed to resume, raise an error
@@ -313,6 +319,7 @@ export class ChangeStream<TSchema extends Document = Document> extends TypedEven
   next(
     callback?: Callback<ChangeStreamDocument<TSchema>>
   ): Promise<ChangeStreamDocument<TSchema>> | void {
+    setIsIterator(this);
     return maybePromise(callback, cb => {
       getCursor(this, (err, cursor) => {
         if (err || !cursor) return cb(err); // failed to resume, raise an error
@@ -367,6 +374,7 @@ export class ChangeStream<TSchema extends Document = Document> extends TypedEven
   tryNext(): Promise<Document | null>;
   tryNext(callback: Callback<Document | null>): void;
   tryNext(callback?: Callback<Document | null>): Promise<Document | null> | void {
+    setIsIterator(this);
     return maybePromise(callback, cb => {
       getCursor(this, (err, cursor) => {
         if (err || !cursor) return cb(err); // failed to resume, raise an error
@@ -535,6 +543,23 @@ const CHANGE_STREAM_EVENTS = [
   ChangeStream.CLOSE
 ];
 
+function setIsEmitter<TSchema>(changeStream: ChangeStream<TSchema>): void {
+  if (changeStream[kMode] === 'iterator') {
+    throw new MongoDriverError(
+      'Cannot use ChangeStream as an EventEmitter after using as an iterator'
+    );
+  }
+  changeStream[kMode] = 'emitter';
+}
+
+function setIsIterator<TSchema>(changeStream: ChangeStream<TSchema>): void {
+  if (changeStream[kMode] === 'emitter') {
+    throw new MongoDriverError(
+      'Cannot use ChangeStream as iterator after using as an EventEmitter'
+    );
+  }
+  changeStream[kMode] = 'iterator';
+}
 /**
  * Create a new change stream cursor based on self's configuration
  * @internal
@@ -630,6 +655,7 @@ function streamEvents<TSchema>(
   changeStream: ChangeStream<TSchema>,
   cursor: ChangeStreamCursor<TSchema>
 ): void {
+  setIsEmitter(changeStream);
   const stream = changeStream[kCursorStream] || cursor.stream();
   changeStream[kCursorStream] = stream;
   stream.on('data', change => processNewChange(changeStream, change));
diff --git a/test/functional/change_stream.test.js b/test/functional/change_stream.test.js
index 1ee60286e8..accb54c65c 100644
--- a/test/functional/change_stream.test.js
+++ b/test/functional/change_stream.test.js
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 'use strict';
 const assert = require('assert');
 const { Transform, PassThrough } = require('stream');
-const { MongoNetworkError } = require('../../src/error');
+const { MongoNetworkError, MongoDriverError } = require('../../src/error');
 const { delay, setupDatabase, withClient, withCursor } = require('./shared');
 const co = require('co');
 const mock = require('../tools/mock');
@@ -1792,6 +1792,111 @@ describe('Change Streams', function () {
     }
   });
 
+  // FIXME: NODE-1797
+  describe('should error when used as iterator and emitter concurrently', function () {
+    let client, coll, changeStream, repeatInsert, val;
+    val = 0;
+
+    beforeEach(async function () {
+      client = this.configuration.newClient();
+      await client.connect().catch(() => expect.fail('Failed to connect to client'));
+
+      coll = client.db(this.configuration.db).collection('tester');
+      changeStream = coll.watch();
+
+      repeatInsert = setInterval(async function () {
+        await coll.insertOne({ c: val }).catch('Failed to insert document');
+        val++;
+      }, 75);
+    });
+
+    afterEach(async function () {
+      if (repeatInsert) {
+        clearInterval(repeatInsert);
+      }
+      if (changeStream) {
+        await changeStream.close();
+      }
+
+      await mock.cleanup();
+      if (client) {
+        await client.close();
+      }
+    });
+
+    it(
+      'should throw MongoDriverError when set as an emitter with "on" and used as an iterator with "hasNext"',
+      {
+        metadata: { requires: { topology: 'replicaset', mongodb: '>=3.6' } },
+        test: async function () {
+          await new Promise(resolve => changeStream.on('change', resolve));
+          try {
+            await changeStream.hasNext().catch(err => {
+              expect.fail(err.message);
+            });
+          } catch (error) {
+            return expect(error).to.be.instanceof(MongoDriverError);
+          }
+          return expect.fail('Should not reach here');
+        }
+      }
+    );
+
+    it(
+      'should throw MongoDriverError when set as an iterator with "hasNext" and used as an emitter with "on"',
+      {
+        metadata: { requires: { topology: 'replicaset', mongodb: '>=3.6' } },
+        test: async function () {
+          await changeStream
+            .hasNext()
+            .catch(() => expect.fail('Failed to set changeStream to iterator'));
+          try {
+            await new Promise(resolve => changeStream.on('change', resolve));
+          } catch (error) {
+            return expect(error).to.be.instanceof(MongoDriverError);
+          }
+          return expect.fail('Should not reach here');
+        }
+      }
+    );
+
+    it(
+      'should throw MongoDriverError when set as an emitter with "once" and used as an iterator with "next"',
+      {
+        metadata: { requires: { topology: 'replicaset', mongodb: '>=3.6' } },
+        test: async function () {
+          await new Promise(resolve => changeStream.once('change', resolve));
+          try {
+            await changeStream.next().catch(err => {
+              expect.fail(err.message);
+            });
+          } catch (error) {
+            return expect(error).to.be.instanceof(MongoDriverError);
+          }
+          return expect.fail('Should not reach here');
+        }
+      }
+    );
+
+    it(
+      'should throw MongoDriverError when set as an iterator with "tryNext" and used as an emitter with "on"',
+      {
+        metadata: { requires: { topology: 'replicaset', mongodb: '>=3.6' } },
+        test: async function () {
+          await changeStream
+            .tryNext()
+            .catch(() => expect.fail('Failed to set changeStream to iterator'));
+          try {
+            await new Promise(resolve => changeStream.on('change', resolve));
+          } catch (error) {
+            return expect(error).to.be.instanceof(MongoDriverError);
+          }
+          return expect.fail('Should not reach here');
+        }
+      }
+    );
+  });
+
   describe('should properly handle a changeStream event being processed mid-close', function () {
     let client, coll, changeStream;