[material-ui] Standardize event handler callbacks

[DiegoAndai]

Review, design, and standardize the event handler callback signatures across the library.

Some are marked to be modified: https://github.com/mui/material-ui/blob/next/packages/mui-material/src/internal/SwitchBase.js#L116-L119

While others aren't: https://github.com/mui/material-ui/blob/next/packages/mui-material/src/Select/SelectInput.js#L258

With the Base UI refactor on the horizon, this issue should be handled alongside it, as it will be tightly related. For example, while working on #40210, one of the blockers was that the Select component's onChange second argument was not supported by Base UI.

Overall, we should decide the optimal way to support custom callback signatures or if we should only rely on events API.

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