diff --git a/packages/mui-base/src/ListboxUnstyled/useListbox.test.tsx b/packages/mui-base/src/ListboxUnstyled/useListbox.test.tsx
index 1b510ccf881553..f3109b79987bb1 100644
--- a/packages/mui-base/src/ListboxUnstyled/useListbox.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/mui-base/src/ListboxUnstyled/useListbox.test.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import * as React from 'react';
-import { useListbox } from '@mui/base/ListboxUnstyled';
 import { expect } from 'chai';
-import { createRenderer } from 'test/utils';
+import { SinonSpy, spy } from 'sinon';
+import { useListbox } from '@mui/base/ListboxUnstyled';
+import { createRenderer, createEvent, fireEvent } from 'test/utils';
 
 describe('useListbox', () => {
   const { render } = createRenderer();
@@ -56,4 +57,72 @@ describe('useListbox', () => {
       expect(listboxes[0].id).not.to.equal(listboxes[1].id);
     });
   });
+
+  describe('preventing default behavior on keyDown', () => {
+    ['ArrowUp', 'ArrowDown', 'Home', 'End', 'PageUp', 'PageDown', 'Enter', ' '].forEach((key) =>
+      it(`prevents default behavior when ${key} is pressed in activeDescendant focus management mode`, () => {
+        const Listbox = () => {
+          const { getRootProps } = useListbox({ options: [], focusManagement: 'activeDescendant' });
+          return <div {...getRootProps()} />;
+        };
+
+        const { getByRole } = render(<Listbox />);
+        const listbox = getByRole('listbox');
+        listbox.focus();
+
+        const event = createEvent.keyDown(listbox, {
+          key,
+        });
+
+        event.preventDefault = spy();
+        fireEvent(listbox, event);
+
+        expect((event.preventDefault as SinonSpy).calledOnce).to.equal(true);
+      }),
+    );
+
+    ['ArrowUp', 'ArrowDown', 'Home', 'End', 'PageUp', 'PageDown'].forEach((key) =>
+      it(`prevents default behavior when ${key} is pressed in DOM focus management mode`, () => {
+        const Listbox = () => {
+          const { getRootProps } = useListbox({ options: [], focusManagement: 'DOM' });
+          return <div {...getRootProps()} />;
+        };
+
+        const { getByRole } = render(<Listbox />);
+        const listbox = getByRole('listbox');
+        listbox.focus();
+
+        const event = createEvent.keyDown(listbox, {
+          key,
+        });
+
+        event.preventDefault = spy();
+        fireEvent(listbox, event);
+
+        expect((event.preventDefault as SinonSpy).calledOnce).to.equal(true);
+      }),
+    );
+
+    ['Enter', ' '].forEach((key) =>
+      it(`does not prevent default behavior when ${key} is pressed in DOM focus management mode`, () => {
+        const Listbox = () => {
+          const { getRootProps } = useListbox({ options: [], focusManagement: 'DOM' });
+          return <div {...getRootProps()} />;
+        };
+
+        const { getByRole } = render(<Listbox />);
+        const listbox = getByRole('listbox');
+        listbox.focus();
+
+        const event = createEvent.keyDown(listbox, {
+          key,
+        });
+
+        event.preventDefault = spy();
+        fireEvent(listbox, event);
+
+        expect((event.preventDefault as SinonSpy).notCalled).to.equal(true);
+      }),
+    );
+  });
 });
diff --git a/packages/mui-base/src/ListboxUnstyled/useListbox.ts b/packages/mui-base/src/ListboxUnstyled/useListbox.ts
index f6d769f103c335..40a96391b717ab 100644
--- a/packages/mui-base/src/ListboxUnstyled/useListbox.ts
+++ b/packages/mui-base/src/ListboxUnstyled/useListbox.ts
@@ -160,16 +160,15 @@ export default function useListbox<TOption>(props: UseListboxParameters<TOption>
         return;
       }
 
-      const keysToPreventDefault = [
-        ' ',
-        'Enter',
-        'ArrowUp',
-        'ArrowDown',
-        'Home',
-        'End',
-        'PageUp',
-        'PageDown',
-      ];
+      const keysToPreventDefault = ['ArrowUp', 'ArrowDown', 'Home', 'End', 'PageUp', 'PageDown'];
+
+      if (focusManagement === 'activeDescendant') {
+        // When the child element is focused using the activeDescendant attribute,
+        // the listbox handles keyboard events on its behalf.
+        // We have to `preventDefault()` is this case to prevent the browser from
+        // scrolling the view when space is pressed or submitting forms when enter is pressed.
+        keysToPreventDefault.push(' ', 'Enter');
+      }
 
       if (keysToPreventDefault.includes(event.key)) {
         event.preventDefault();