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index.html
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scripts</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-search">npm search<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Search for packages</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-shrinkwrap">npm shrinkwrap<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Lock down dependency versions for publication</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-star">npm star<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Mark your favorite packages</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-stars">npm stars<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">View packages marked as favorites</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-start">npm start<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Start a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-stop">npm stop<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Stop a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-team">npm team<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Manage organization teams and team memberships</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-test">npm test<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Test a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-token">npm token<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Manage your authentication tokens</span></a></div><div 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versioner for npm</span></a></div></div></div></nav><style data-emotion-css="16vu25q">.css-16vu25q{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100%;}</style><div class="css-16vu25q"><div class="Page__Content-sc-4b62ym-0 gJQTGP documentation"><div><h1 id="npm-link1" style="position:relative;"><a href="#npm-link1" aria-label="npm link1 permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>npm link</h1>
<h2 id="symlink-a-package-folder" style="position:relative;"><a href="#symlink-a-package-folder" aria-label="symlink a package folder permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Symlink a package folder</h2>
<h3 id="synopsis" style="position:relative;"><a href="#synopsis" aria-label="synopsis permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Synopsis</h3>
<div class="gatsby-highlight" data-language="bash"><pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash"><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">link</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>in package <span class="token function">dir</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">link</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator"><</span>@scope<span class="token operator">></span>/<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator"><</span>pkg<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>@<span class="token operator"><</span>version<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
alias: <span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">ln</span></code></pre></div>
<h3 id="description" style="position:relative;"><a href="#description" aria-label="description permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Description</h3>
<p>Package linking is a two-step process.</p>
<p>First, <code class="language-text">npm link</code> in a package folder will create a symlink in the global folder
<code class="language-text">{prefix}/lib/node_modules/<package></code> that links to the package where the <code class="language-text">npm
link</code> command was executed. It will also link any bins in the package to <code class="language-text">{prefix}/bin/{name}</code>.
Note that <code class="language-text">npm link</code> uses the global prefix (see <code class="language-text">npm prefix -g</code> for its value).</p>
<p>Next, in some other location, <code class="language-text">npm link package-name</code> will create a
symbolic link from globally-installed <code class="language-text">package-name</code> to <code class="language-text">node_modules/</code>
of the current folder.</p>
<p>Note that <code class="language-text">package-name</code> is taken from <code class="language-text">package.json</code>,
not from directory name.</p>
<p>The package name can be optionally prefixed with a scope. See <a href="../../using-npm/npm-scope"><code class="language-text">scope</code></a>.
The scope must be preceded by an @-symbol and followed by a slash.</p>
<p>When creating tarballs for <code class="language-text">npm publish</code>, the linked packages are
"snapshotted" to their current state by resolving the symbolic links.</p>
<p>This is handy for installing your own stuff, so that you can work on it and
test it iteratively without having to continually rebuild.</p>
<p>For example:</p>
<div class="gatsby-highlight" data-language="bash"><pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash"> <span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> ~/projects/node-redis <span class="token comment"># go into the package directory</span>
<span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">link</span> <span class="token comment"># creates global link</span>
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> ~/projects/node-bloggy <span class="token comment"># go into some other package directory.</span>
<span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">link</span> redis <span class="token comment"># link-install the package</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Now, any changes to ~/projects/node-redis will be reflected in
~/projects/node-bloggy/node_modules/node-redis/. Note that the link should
be to the package name, not the directory name for that package.</p>
<p>You may also shortcut the two steps in one. For example, to do the
above use-case in a shorter way:</p>
<div class="gatsby-highlight" data-language="bash"><pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash"><span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> ~/projects/node-bloggy <span class="token comment"># go into the dir of your main project</span>
<span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">link</span> <span class="token punctuation">..</span>/node-redis <span class="token comment"># link the dir of your dependency</span></code></pre></div>
<p>The second line is the equivalent of doing:</p>
<div class="gatsby-highlight" data-language="bash"><pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>cd <span class="token punctuation">..</span>/node-redis<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">link</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">link</span> redis</code></pre></div>
<p>That is, it first creates a global link, and then links the global
installation target into your project's <code class="language-text">node_modules</code> folder.</p>
<p>Note that in this case, you are referring to the directory name, <code class="language-text">node-redis</code>,
rather than the package name <code class="language-text">redis</code>.</p>
<p>If your linked package is scoped (see <a href="../../using-npm/npm-scope"><code class="language-text">scope</code></a>) your link command must include that scope, e.g.</p>
<div class="gatsby-highlight" data-language="bash"><pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash"><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">link</span> @myorg/privatepackage</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="see-also" style="position:relative;"><a href="#see-also" aria-label="see also permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>See Also</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../using-npm/developers">npm developers</a></li>
<li><a href="../../configuring-npm/package-json">package.json</a></li>
<li><a href="../../cli-commands/npm-install">npm install</a></li>
<li><a href="../../configuring-npm/folders">npm folders</a></li>
<li><a href="../../cli-commands/npm-config">npm config</a></li>
<li><a href="../../configuring-npm/npmrc">npmrc</a></li>
</ul></div><div class="FoundTypo__Container-sc-1e373sc-0 fMOzaj"><p><span role="img" aria-label="eyes-emoji">👀</span> Found a typo? <a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/">Let us know!</a></p><p>The current stable version of npm is <a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/">here</a>. To upgrade, run: <code class="language-text">npm install npm@latest -g</code></p><p>To report bugs or submit feature requests for the docs, please post <a href="https://npm.community/c/support/docs-needed">here</a>. Submit npm issues <a href="https://npm.community/c/bugs">here.</a></p></div><script>
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