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<html><head>
<title>config</title>
<style>
body {
background-color: #ffffff;
color: #24292e;
margin: 0;
line-height: 1.5;
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji";
}
#rainbar {
height: 10px;
background-image: linear-gradient(139deg, #fb8817, #ff4b01, #c12127, #e02aff);
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: #0366d6;
}
a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
pre {
margin: 1em 0px;
padding: 1em;
border: solid 1px #e1e4e8;
border-radius: 6px;
display: block;
overflow: auto;
white-space: pre;
background-color: #f6f8fa;
color: #393a34;
}
code {
font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Menlo, Courier, monospace;
font-size: 85%;
padding: 0.2em 0.4em;
background-color: #f6f8fa;
color: #393a34;
}
pre > code {
padding: 0;
background-color: inherit;
color: inherit;
}
h1, h2, h3 {
font-weight: 600;
}
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background-color: #333333;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 1em 4em;
}
#logobar .logo {
float: left;
}
#logobar .title {
font-weight: 600;
color: #dddddd;
float: left;
margin: 5px 0 0 1em;
}
#logobar:after {
content: "";
display: block;
clear: both;
}
#content {
margin: 0 auto;
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}
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font-size: 1.17em;
}
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border: solid 1px #e1e4e8;
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1em;
background-color: #f6f8fa;
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}
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list-style-type: none;
padding-left: 1.5em;
}
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color: #000000;
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header.title > h1 {
margin-bottom: 0.25em;
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header.title > .description {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
line-height: 1;
}
footer#edit {
border-top: solid 1px #e1e4e8;
margin: 3em 0 4em 0;
padding-top: 2em;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="banner">
<div id="rainbar"></div>
<div id="logobar">
<svg class="logo" role="img" height="32" width="32" viewBox="0 0 700 700">
<polygon fill="#cb0000" points="0,700 700,700 700,0 0,0"></polygon>
<polygon fill="#ffffff" points="150,550 350,550 350,250 450,250 450,550 550,550 550,150 150,150"></polygon>
</svg>
<div class="title">
npm command-line interface
</div>
</div>
</div>
<section id="content">
<header class="title">
<h1 id="config">config</h1>
<span class="description">More than you probably want to know about npm configuration</span>
</header>
<section id="table_of_contents">
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of contents</h2>
<div id="_table_of_contents"><ul><li><a href="#description">Description</a></li><ul><li><a href="#command-line-flags">Command Line Flags</a></li><li><a href="#environment-variables">Environment Variables</a></li><li><a href="#npmrc-files">npmrc Files</a></li><li><a href="#default-configs">Default Configs</a></li></ul><li><a href="#shorthands-and-other-cli-niceties">Shorthands and Other CLI Niceties</a></li><li><a href="#config-settings">Config Settings</a></li><ul><li><a href="#access">access</a></li><li><a href="#all">all</a></li><li><a href="#allow-same-version">allow-same-version</a></li><li><a href="#always-auth">always-auth</a></li><li><a href="#also">also</a></li><li><a href="#audit">audit</a></li><li><a href="#audit-level">audit-level</a></li><li><a href="#auth-type">auth-type</a></li><li><a href="#before">before</a></li><li><a href="#bin-links">bin-links</a></li><li><a href="#browser">browser</a></li><li><a href="#ca">ca</a></li><li><a href="#cafile">cafile</a></li><li><a href="#cache">cache</a></li><li><a href="#cache-lock-stale">cache-lock-stale</a></li><li><a href="#cache-lock-retries">cache-lock-retries</a></li><li><a href="#cache-lock-wait">cache-lock-wait</a></li><li><a href="#cache-max">cache-max</a></li><li><a href="#cache-min">cache-min</a></li><li><a href="#call">call</a></li><li><a href="#cert">cert</a></li><li><a href="#cidr">cidr</a></li><li><a href="#commit-hooks">commit-hooks</a></li><li><a href="#color">color</a></li><li><a href="#depth">depth</a></li><li><a href="#description2">description</a></li><li><a href="#dev">dev</a></li><li><a href="#dry-run">dry-run</a></li><li><a href="#editor">editor</a></li><li><a href="#engine-strict">engine-strict</a></li><li><a href="#force">force</a></li><li><a href="#foreground-scripts">foreground-scripts</a></li><li><a href="#format-package-lock">format-package-lock</a></li><li><a href="#fund">fund</a></li><li><a href="#fetch-retries">fetch-retries</a></li><li><a href="#fetch-retry-factor">fetch-retry-factor</a></li><li><a href="#fetch-retry-mintimeout">fetch-retry-mintimeout</a></li><li><a href="#fetch-retry-maxtimeout">fetch-retry-maxtimeout</a></li><li><a href="#fetch-timeout">fetch-timeout</a></li><li><a href="#git">git</a></li><li><a href="#git-tag-version">git-tag-version</a></li><li><a href="#global">global</a></li><li><a href="#globalconfig">globalconfig</a></li><li><a href="#global-style">global-style</a></li><li><a href="#heading">heading</a></li><li><a href="#https-proxy">https-proxy</a></li><li><a href="#if-present">if-present</a></li><li><a href="#ignore-prepublish">ignore-prepublish</a></li><li><a href="#ignore-scripts">ignore-scripts</a></li><li><a href="#include">include</a></li><li><a href="#init-module">init-module</a></li><li><a href="#init-author-name">init-author-name</a></li><li><a href="#init-author-email">init-author-email</a></li><li><a href="#init-author-url">init-author-url</a></li><li><a href="#init-license">init-license</a></li><li><a href="#init-version">init-version</a></li><li><a href="#json">json</a></li><li><a href="#key">key</a></li><li><a href="#legacy-bundling">legacy-bundling</a></li><li><a href="#legacy-peer-deps">legacy-peer-deps</a></li><li><a href="#link">link</a></li><li><a href="#local-address">local-address</a></li><li><a href="#loglevel">loglevel</a></li><li><a href="#logs-max">logs-max</a></li><li><a href="#long">long</a></li><li><a href="#maxsockets">maxsockets</a></li><li><a href="#message">message</a></li><li><a href="#node-options">node-options</a></li><li><a href="#node-version">node-version</a></li><li><a href="#noproxy">noproxy</a></li><li><a href="#offline">offline</a></li><li><a href="#only">only</a></li><li><a href="#optional">optional</a></li><li><a href="#otp">otp</a></li><li><a href="#package-lock">package-lock</a></li><li><a href="#package-lock-only">package-lock-only</a></li><li><a href="#parseable">parseable</a></li><li><a href="#prefer-offline">prefer-offline</a></li><li><a href="#prefer-online">prefer-online</a></li><li><a href="#prefix">prefix</a></li><li><a href="#preid">preid</a></li><li><a href="#production">production</a></li><li><a href="#progress">progress</a></li><li><a href="#proxy">proxy</a></li><li><a href="#read-only">read-only</a></li><li><a href="#rebuild-bundle">rebuild-bundle</a></li><li><a href="#registry">registry</a></li><li><a href="#rollback">rollback</a></li><li><a href="#save">save</a></li><li><a href="#save-bundle">save-bundle</a></li><li><a href="#save-prod">save-prod</a></li><li><a href="#save-dev">save-dev</a></li><li><a href="#save-exact">save-exact</a></li><li><a href="#save-optional">save-optional</a></li><li><a href="#save-prefix">save-prefix</a></li><li><a href="#scope">scope</a></li><li><a href="#script-shell">script-shell</a></li><li><a href="#scripts-prepend-node-path">scripts-prepend-node-path</a></li><li><a href="#searchexclude">searchexclude</a></li><li><a href="#searchopts">searchopts</a></li><li><a href="#searchlimit">searchlimit</a></li><li><a href="#searchstaleness">searchstaleness</a></li><li><a href="#shell">shell</a></li><li><a href="#shrinkwrap">shrinkwrap</a></li><li><a href="#sign-git-commit">sign-git-commit</a></li><li><a href="#sign-git-tag">sign-git-tag</a></li><li><a href="#sso-poll-frequency">sso-poll-frequency</a></li><li><a href="#sso-type">sso-type</a></li><li><a href="#strict-peer-deps">strict-peer-deps</a></li><li><a href="#strict-ssl">strict-ssl</a></li><li><a href="#tag">tag</a></li><li><a href="#tag-version-prefix">tag-version-prefix</a></li><li><a href="#timing">timing</a></li><li><a href="#tmp">tmp</a></li><li><a href="#unicode">unicode</a></li><li><a href="#update-notifier">update-notifier</a></li><li><a href="#usage">usage</a></li><li><a href="#userconfig">userconfig</a></li><li><a href="#umask">umask</a></li><li><a href="#user-agent">user-agent</a></li><li><a href="#version">version</a></li><li><a href="#versions">versions</a></li><li><a href="#viewer">viewer</a></li></ul><li><a href="#see-also">See also</a></li></ul></div>
</section>
<div id="_content"><h3 id="description">Description</h3>
<p>npm gets its configuration values from the following sources, sorted by priority:</p>
<h4 id="command-line-flags">Command Line Flags</h4>
<p>Putting <code>--foo bar</code> on the command line sets the <code>foo</code> configuration
parameter to <code>"bar"</code>. A <code>--</code> argument tells the cli parser to stop
reading flags. Using <code>--flag</code> without specifying any value will set
the value to <code>true</code>.</p>
<p>Example: <code>--flag1 --flag2</code> will set both configuration parameters
to <code>true</code>, while <code>--flag1 --flag2 bar</code> will set <code>flag1</code> to <code>true</code>,
and <code>flag2</code> to <code>bar</code>. Finally, <code>--flag1 --flag2 -- bar</code> will set
both configuration parameters to <code>true</code>, and the <code>bar</code> is taken
as a command argument.</p>
<h4 id="environment-variables">Environment Variables</h4>
<p>Any environment variables that start with <code>npm_config_</code> will be
interpreted as a configuration parameter. For example, putting
<code>npm_config_foo=bar</code> in your environment will set the <code>foo</code>
configuration parameter to <code>bar</code>. Any environment configurations that
are not given a value will be given the value of <code>true</code>. Config
values are case-insensitive, so <code>NPM_CONFIG_FOO=bar</code> will work the
same. However, please note that inside <a href="../using-npm/scripts.html"><code>scripts</code></a>
npm will set its own environment variables and Node will prefer
those lowercase versions over any uppercase ones that you might set.
For details see <a href="https://github.com/npm/npm/issues/14528">this issue</a>.</p>
<p>Notice that you need to use underscores instead of dashes, so <code>--allow-same-version</code>
would become <code>npm_config_allow_same_version=true</code>.</p>
<h4 id="npmrc-files">npmrc Files</h4>
<p>The four relevant files are:</p>
<ul>
<li>per-project configuration file (<code>/path/to/my/project/.npmrc</code>)</li>
<li>per-user configuration file (defaults to <code>$HOME/.npmrc</code>; configurable via CLI
option <code>--userconfig</code> or environment variable <code>$NPM_CONFIG_USERCONFIG</code>)</li>
<li>global configuration file (defaults to <code>$PREFIX/etc/npmrc</code>; configurable via
CLI option <code>--globalconfig</code> or environment variable <code>$NPM_CONFIG_GLOBALCONFIG</code>)</li>
<li>npm’s built-in configuration file (<code>/path/to/npm/npmrc</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="../configuring-npm/npmrc.html">npmrc</a> for more details.</p>
<h4 id="default-configs">Default Configs</h4>
<p>Run <code>npm config ls -l</code> to see a set of configuration parameters that are
internal to npm, and are defaults if nothing else is specified.</p>
<h3 id="shorthands-and-other-cli-niceties">Shorthands and Other CLI Niceties</h3>
<p>The following shorthands are parsed on the command-line:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-v</code>: <code>--version</code></li>
<li><code>-h</code>, <code>-?</code>, <code>--help</code>, <code>-H</code>: <code>--usage</code></li>
<li><code>-s</code>, <code>--silent</code>: <code>--loglevel silent</code></li>
<li><code>-q</code>, <code>--quiet</code>: <code>--loglevel warn</code></li>
<li><code>-d</code>: <code>--loglevel info</code></li>
<li><code>-dd</code>, <code>--verbose</code>: <code>--loglevel verbose</code></li>
<li><code>-ddd</code>: <code>--loglevel silly</code></li>
<li><code>-g</code>: <code>--global</code></li>
<li><code>-C</code>: <code>--prefix</code></li>
<li><code>-l</code>: <code>--long</code></li>
<li><code>-m</code>: <code>--message</code></li>
<li><code>-p</code>, <code>--porcelain</code>: <code>--parseable</code></li>
<li><code>-reg</code>: <code>--registry</code></li>
<li><code>-f</code>: <code>--force</code></li>
<li><code>-desc</code>: <code>--description</code></li>
<li><code>-S</code>: <code>--save</code></li>
<li><code>-P</code>: <code>--save-prod</code></li>
<li><code>-D</code>: <code>--save-dev</code></li>
<li><code>-O</code>: <code>--save-optional</code></li>
<li><code>-B</code>: <code>--save-bundle</code></li>
<li><code>-E</code>: <code>--save-exact</code></li>
<li><code>-y</code>: <code>--yes</code></li>
<li><code>-n</code>: <code>--yes false</code></li>
<li><code>ll</code> and <code>la</code> commands: <code>ls --long</code></li>
</ul>
<p>If the specified configuration param resolves unambiguously to a known
configuration parameter, then it is expanded to that configuration
parameter. For example:</p>
<pre lang="bash"><code>npm ls --par
# same as:
npm ls --parseable
</code></pre>
<p>If multiple single-character shorthands are strung together, and the
resulting combination is unambiguously not some other configuration
param, then it is expanded to its various component pieces. For
example:</p>
<pre lang="bash"><code>npm ls -gpld
# same as:
npm ls --global --parseable --long --loglevel info
</code></pre>
<h3 id="config-settings">Config Settings</h3>
<h4 id="access">access</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>restricted</code></li>
<li>Type: Access</li>
</ul>
<p>When publishing scoped packages, the access level defaults to <code>restricted</code>. If
you want your scoped package to be publicly viewable (and installable) set
<code>--access=public</code>. The only valid values for <code>access</code> are <code>public</code> and
<code>restricted</code>. Unscoped packages <em>always</em> have an access level of <code>public</code>.</p>
<h4 id="all">all</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>false</code></li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>When running <code>npm outdated</code> and <code>npm ls</code>, setting <code>--all</code> will show all
outdated or installed packages, rather than only those directly depended
upon by the current project.</p>
<h4 id="allow-same-version">allow-same-version</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Prevents throwing an error when <code>npm version</code> is used to set the new version
to the same value as the current version.</p>
<h4 id="always-auth">always-auth</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Force npm to always require authentication when accessing the registry,
even for <code>GET</code> requests.</p>
<h4 id="also">also</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: null</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>When “dev” or “development” and running local <code>npm shrinkwrap</code>,
<code>npm outdated</code>, or <code>npm update</code>, is an alias for <code>--dev</code>.</p>
<h4 id="audit">audit</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>When “true” submit audit reports alongside <code>npm install</code> runs to the default
registry and all registries configured for scopes. See the documentation
for <a href="../commands/npm-audit.html"><code>npm audit</code></a> for details on what is submitted.</p>
<h4 id="audit-level">audit-level</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>"low"</code></li>
<li>Type: <code>'low'</code>, <code>'moderate'</code>, <code>'high'</code>, <code>'critical'</code></li>
</ul>
<p>The minimum level of vulnerability for <code>npm audit</code> to exit with
a non-zero exit code.</p>
<h4 id="auth-type">auth-type</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>'legacy'</code></li>
<li>Type: <code>'legacy'</code>, <code>'sso'</code>, <code>'saml'</code>, <code>'oauth'</code></li>
</ul>
<p>What authentication strategy to use with <code>adduser</code>/<code>login</code>.</p>
<h4 id="before">before</h4>
<ul>
<li>Alias: enjoy-by</li>
<li>Default: null</li>
<li>Type: Date</li>
</ul>
<p>If passed to <code>npm install</code>, will rebuild the npm tree such that only versions
that were available <strong>on or before</strong> the <code>--before</code> time get installed.
If there’s no versions available for the current set of direct dependencies, the
command will error.</p>
<p>If the requested version is a <code>dist-tag</code> and the given tag does not pass the
<code>--before</code> filter, the most recent version less than or equal to that tag will
be used. For example, <code>foo@latest</code> might install <code>foo@1.2</code> even though <code>latest</code>
is <code>2.0</code>.</p>
<h4 id="bin-links">bin-links</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>true</code></li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Tells npm to create symlinks (or <code>.cmd</code> shims on Windows) for package
executables.</p>
<p>Set to false to have it not do this. This can be used to work around
the fact that some file systems don’t support symlinks, even on
ostensibly Unix systems.</p>
<h4 id="browser">browser</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: OS X: <code>"open"</code>, Windows: <code>"start"</code>, Others: <code>"xdg-open"</code></li>
<li>Type: String or Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>The browser that is called by npm commands to open websites.</p>
<p>Set to <code>false</code> to suppress browser behavior and instead print urls to
terminal.</p>
<p>Set to <code>true</code> to use default system URL opener.</p>
<h4 id="ca">ca</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: The npm CA certificate</li>
<li>Type: String, Array or null</li>
</ul>
<p>The Certificate Authority signing certificate that is trusted for SSL
connections to the registry. Values should be in PEM format (Windows calls it “Base-64 encoded X.509 (.CER)”) with newlines
replaced by the string “\n”. For example:</p>
<pre lang="bash"><code>ca="-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\nXXXX\nXXXX\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----"
</code></pre>
<p>Set to <code>null</code> to only allow “known” registrars, or to a specific CA cert
to trust only that specific signing authority.</p>
<p>Multiple CAs can be trusted by specifying an array of certificates:</p>
<pre lang="bash"><code>ca[]="..."
ca[]="..."
</code></pre>
<p>See also the <code>strict-ssl</code> config.</p>
<h4 id="cafile">cafile</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>null</code></li>
<li>Type: path</li>
</ul>
<p>A path to a file containing one or multiple Certificate Authority signing
certificates. Similar to the <code>ca</code> setting, but allows for multiple CA’s, as
well as for the CA information to be stored in a file on disk.</p>
<h4 id="cache">cache</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: Windows: <code>%AppData%\npm-cache</code>, Posix: <code>~/.npm</code></li>
<li>Type: path</li>
</ul>
<p>The location of npm’s cache directory. See <a href="../commands/npm-cache.html"><code>npm cache</code></a></p>
<h4 id="cache-lock-stale">cache-lock-stale</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 60000 (1 minute)</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>The number of ms before cache folder lockfiles are considered stale.</p>
<h4 id="cache-lock-retries">cache-lock-retries</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 10</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>Number of times to retry to acquire a lock on cache folder lockfiles.</p>
<h4 id="cache-lock-wait">cache-lock-wait</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 10000 (10 seconds)</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>Number of ms to wait for cache lock files to expire.</p>
<h4 id="cache-max">cache-max</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: Infinity</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>DEPRECATED</strong>: This option has been deprecated in favor of <code>--prefer-online</code>.</p>
<p><code>--cache-max=0</code> is an alias for <code>--prefer-online</code>.</p>
<h4 id="cache-min">cache-min</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 10</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>DEPRECATED</strong>: This option has been deprecated in favor of <code>--prefer-offline</code>.</p>
<p><code>--cache-min=9999 (or bigger)</code> is an alias for <code>--prefer-offline</code>.</p>
<h4 id="call">call</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: “”</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>Optional companion option for <code>npm exec</code>, <code>npx</code> that allows for specifying a
custom command to be run along with the installed packages.</p>
<pre lang="bash"><code>npm exec --package yo --package generator-node --call "yo node"
</code></pre>
<h4 id="cert">cert</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>null</code></li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>A client certificate to pass when accessing the registry. Values should be in
PEM format (Windows calls it “Base-64 encoded X.509 (.CER)”) with newlines replaced by the string “\n”. For example:</p>
<pre lang="bash"><code>cert="-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\nXXXX\nXXXX\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----"
</code></pre>
<p>It is <em>not</em> the path to a certificate file (and there is no “certfile” option).</p>
<h4 id="cidr">cidr</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>null</code></li>
<li>Type: String, Array, null</li>
</ul>
<p>This is a list of CIDR address to be used when configuring limited access tokens with the <code>npm token create</code> command.</p>
<h4 id="commit-hooks">commit-hooks</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>true</code></li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Run git commit hooks when using the <code>npm version</code> command.</p>
<h4 id="color">color</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean or <code>"always"</code></li>
</ul>
<p>If false, never shows colors. If <code>"always"</code> then always shows colors.
If true, then only prints color codes for tty file descriptors.</p>
<p>This option can also be changed using the environment: colors are
disabled when the environment variable <code>NO_COLOR</code> is set to any value.</p>
<h4 id="depth">depth</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: null</li>
<li>Type: null or Number</li>
</ul>
<p>The depth to go when recursing packages for <code>npm ls</code>.</p>
<p>To make this default to <code>Infinity</code> instead of <code>null</code>, set <code>--all</code>.</p>
<h4 id="description2">description</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Show the description in <code>npm search</code></p>
<h4 id="dev">dev</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>[Deprecated] Install <code>dev-dependencies</code> along with packages.</p>
<h4 id="dry-run">dry-run</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Indicates that you don’t want npm to make any changes and that it should
only report what it would have done. This can be passed into any of the
commands that modify your local installation, eg, <code>install</code>, <code>update</code>,
<code>dedupe</code>, <code>uninstall</code>. This is NOT currently honored by some network related
commands, eg <code>dist-tags</code>, <code>owner</code>, etc.</p>
<h4 id="editor">editor</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>EDITOR</code> environment variable if set, or <code>"vi"</code> on Posix,
or <code>"notepad"</code> on Windows.</li>
<li>Type: path</li>
</ul>
<p>The command to run for <code>npm edit</code> or <code>npm config edit</code>.</p>
<h4 id="engine-strict">engine-strict</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If set to true, then npm will stubbornly refuse to install (or even
consider installing) any package that claims to not be compatible with
the current Node.js version.</p>
<h4 id="force">force</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Removes various protections against unfortunate side effects, common
mistakes, unnecessary performance degradation, and malicious input.</p>
<ul>
<li>Allow clobbering non-npm files in global installs.</li>
<li>Allow the <code>npm version</code> command to work on an unclean git repository.</li>
<li>Allow deleting the cache folder with <code>npm cache clean</code>.</li>
<li>Allow installing packages that have an <code>engines</code> declaration requiring a
different version of npm.</li>
<li>Allow installing packages that have an <code>engines</code> declaration requiring a
different version of <code>node</code>, even if <code>--engines-strict</code> is enabled.</li>
<li>Allow <code>npm audit fix</code> to install modules outside your stated dependency
range (including SemVer-major changes).</li>
<li>Allow a module to be installed as a direct dependency of itself.</li>
<li>Allow unpublishing all versions of a published package.</li>
</ul>
<p>If you don’t have a clear idea of what you want to do, it is strongly
recommended that you do not use this option!</p>
<h4 id="foreground-scripts">foreground-scripts</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Run all build scripts (ie, <code>preinstall</code>, <code>install</code>, and <code>postinstall</code>)
scripts for installed packages in the foreground process, sharing standard
input, output, and error with the main npm process.</p>
<p>Note that this will generally make installs run slower, and be much
noisier, but can be useful for debugging.</p>
<h4 id="format-package-lock">format-package-lock</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Format <code>package-lock.json</code> or <code>npm-shrinkwrap.json</code> as a human readable file.</p>
<h4 id="fund">fund</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>When “true” displays the message at the end of each <code>npm install</code>
acknowledging the number of dependencies looking for funding.
See <a href="../commands/npm-fund.html"><code>npm fund</code></a> for details.</p>
<h4 id="fetch-retries">fetch-retries</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 2</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>The “retries” config for the <code>retry</code> module to use when fetching
packages from the registry.</p>
<h4 id="fetch-retry-factor">fetch-retry-factor</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 10</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>The “factor” config for the <code>retry</code> module to use when fetching
packages.</p>
<h4 id="fetch-retry-mintimeout">fetch-retry-mintimeout</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 10000 (10 seconds)</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>The “minTimeout” config for the <code>retry</code> module to use when fetching
packages.</p>
<h4 id="fetch-retry-maxtimeout">fetch-retry-maxtimeout</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 60000 (1 minute)</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>The “maxTimeout” config for the <code>retry</code> module to use when fetching
packages.</p>
<h4 id="fetch-timeout">fetch-timeout</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 300000 (5 minutes)</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>The maximum amount of time to wait for HTTP requests to complete.</p>
<h4 id="git">git</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>"git"</code></li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>The command to use for git commands. If git is installed on the
computer, but is not in the <code>PATH</code>, then set this to the full path to
the git binary.</p>
<h4 id="git-tag-version">git-tag-version</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>true</code></li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Tag the commit when using the <code>npm version</code> command.</p>
<h4 id="global">global</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Operates in “global” mode, so that packages are installed into the
<code>prefix</code> folder instead of the current working directory. See
<a href="../configuring-npm/folders.html">folders</a> for more on the differences in behavior.</p>
<ul>
<li>packages are installed into the <code>{prefix}/lib/node_modules</code> folder, instead of the
current working directory.</li>
<li>bin files are linked to <code>{prefix}/bin</code></li>
<li>man pages are linked to <code>{prefix}/share/man</code></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="globalconfig">globalconfig</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: {prefix}/etc/npmrc</li>
<li>Type: path</li>
</ul>
<p>The config file to read for global config options.</p>
<h4 id="global-style">global-style</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Causes npm to install the package into your local <code>node_modules</code> folder with
the same layout it uses with the global <code>node_modules</code> folder. Only your
direct dependencies will show in <code>node_modules</code> and everything they depend
on will be flattened in their <code>node_modules</code> folders. This obviously will
eliminate some deduping. If used with <code>legacy-bundling</code>, <code>legacy-bundling</code> will be
preferred.</p>
<h4 id="heading">heading</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>"npm"</code></li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>The string that starts all the debugging log output.</p>
<h4 id="https-proxy">https-proxy</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: null</li>
<li>Type: url</li>
</ul>
<p>A proxy to use for outgoing https requests. If the <code>HTTPS_PROXY</code> or
<code>https_proxy</code> or <code>HTTP_PROXY</code> or <code>http_proxy</code> environment variables are set,
proxy settings will be honored by the underlying <code>request</code> library.</p>
<h4 id="if-present">if-present</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If true, npm will not exit with an error code when <code>run-script</code> is invoked for
a script that isn’t defined in the <code>scripts</code> section of <code>package.json</code>. This
option can be used when it’s desirable to optionally run a script when it’s
present and fail if the script fails. This is useful, for example, when running
scripts that may only apply for some builds in an otherwise generic CI setup.</p>
<h4 id="ignore-prepublish">ignore-prepublish</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If true, npm will not run <code>prepublish</code> scripts.</p>
<h4 id="ignore-scripts">ignore-scripts</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If true, npm does not run scripts specified in package.json files.</p>
<h4 id="include">include</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>[prod|dev|optional|peer]</code></li>
<li>Type: Array</li>
</ul>
<p>Option that allows for defining which types of dependencies to install.</p>
<h4 id="init-module">init-module</h4>
<ul>
<li>Alias: <code>init.module</code></li>
<li>Default: ~/.npm-init.js</li>
<li>Type: path</li>
</ul>
<p>A module that will be loaded by the <code>npm init</code> command. See the
documentation for the
<a href="https://github.com/npm/init-package-json">init-package-json</a> module
for more information, or <a href="../commands/npm-init.html">npm init</a>.</p>
<h4 id="init-author-name">init-author-name</h4>
<ul>
<li>Alias: <code>init.author.name</code></li>
<li>Default: “”</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>The value <code>npm init</code> should use by default for the package author’s name.</p>
<h4 id="init-author-email">init-author-email</h4>
<ul>
<li>Alias: <code>init.author.email</code></li>
<li>Default: “”</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>The value <code>npm init</code> should use by default for the package author’s email.</p>
<h4 id="init-author-url">init-author-url</h4>
<ul>
<li>Alias: <code>init.author.url</code></li>
<li>Default: “”</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>The value <code>npm init</code> should use by default for the package author’s homepage.</p>
<h4 id="init-license">init-license</h4>
<ul>
<li>Alias: <code>init.license</code></li>
<li>Default: “ISC”</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>The value <code>npm init</code> should use by default for the package license.</p>
<h4 id="init-version">init-version</h4>
<ul>
<li>Alias: <code>init.version</code></li>
<li>Default: “1.0.0”</li>
<li>Type: semver</li>
</ul>
<p>The value that <code>npm init</code> should use by default for the package
version number, if not already set in package.json.</p>
<h4 id="json">json</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Whether or not to output JSON data, rather than the normal output.</p>
<p>This feature is currently experimental, and the output data structures for many
commands is either not implemented in JSON yet, or subject to change. Only the
output from <code>npm ls --json</code> and <code>npm search --json</code> are currently valid.</p>
<h4 id="key">key</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <code>null</code></li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>A client key to pass when accessing the registry. Values should be in PEM
format with newlines replaced by the string “\n”. For example:</p>
<pre lang="json"><code>key="-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\nXXXX\nXXXX\n-----END PRIVATE KEY-----"
</code></pre>
<p>It is <em>not</em> the path to a key file (and there is no “keyfile” option).</p>
<h4 id="legacy-bundling">legacy-bundling</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Causes npm to install the package such that versions of npm prior to 1.4,
such as the one included with node 0.8, can install the package. This
eliminates all automatic deduping. If used with <code>global-style</code> this option
will be preferred.</p>
<h4 id="legacy-peer-deps">legacy-peer-deps</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Causes npm to completely ignore <code>peerDependencies</code> when building a package
tree, as in npm versions 3 through 6.</p>
<p>If a package cannot be installed because of overly strict
<code>peerDependencies</code> that collide, it provides a way to move forward
resolving the situation.</p>
<p>This differs from <code>--omit=peer</code>, in that <code>--omit=peer</code> will avoid unpacking
<code>peerDependencies</code> on disk, but will still design a tree such that
<code>peerDependencies</code> <em>could</em> be unpacked in a correct place.</p>
<p>Use of <code>legacy-peer-deps</code> is not recommended, as it will not enforce the
<code>peerDependencies</code> contract that meta-dependencies may rely on.</p>
<h4 id="link">link</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If true, then local installs will link if there is a suitable globally
installed package.</p>
<p>Note that this means that local installs can cause things to be
installed into the global space at the same time. The link is only done
if one of the two conditions are met:</p>
<ul>
<li>The package is not already installed globally, or</li>
<li>the globally installed version is identical to the version that is
being installed locally.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="local-address">local-address</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: undefined</li>
<li>Type: IP Address</li>
</ul>
<p>The IP address of the local interface to use when making connections
to the npm registry. Must be IPv4 in versions of Node prior to 0.12.</p>
<h4 id="loglevel">loglevel</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: “notice”</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
<li>Values: “silent”, “error”, “warn”, “notice”, “http”, “timing”, “info”,
“verbose”, “silly”</li>
</ul>
<p>What level of logs to report. On failure, <em>all</em> logs are written to
<code>npm-debug.log</code> in the current working directory.</p>
<p>Any logs of a higher level than the setting are shown. The default is “notice”.</p>
<h4 id="logs-max">logs-max</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 10</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>The maximum number of log files to store.</p>
<h4 id="long">long</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Show extended information in <code>npm ls</code> and <code>npm search</code>.</p>
<h4 id="maxsockets">maxsockets</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: 50</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>The maximum number of connections to use per origin (protocol/host/port
combination). Passed to the <code>http</code> <code>Agent</code> used to make the request.</p>
<h4 id="message">message</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: “%s”</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>Commit message which is used by <code>npm version</code> when creating version commit.</p>
<p>Any “%s” in the message will be replaced with the version number.</p>
<h4 id="node-options">node-options</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: null</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>Options to pass through to Node.js via the <code>NODE_OPTIONS</code> environment
variable. This does not impact how npm itself is executed but it does
impact how lifecycle scripts are called.</p>
<h4 id="node-version">node-version</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: process.version</li>
<li>Type: semver or false</li>
</ul>
<p>The node version to use when checking a package’s <code>engines</code> map.</p>
<h4 id="noproxy">noproxy</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: null</li>
<li>Type: String or Array</li>
</ul>
<p>A comma-separated string or an array of domain extensions that a proxy should not be used for.</p>
<h4 id="offline">offline</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Force offline mode: no network requests will be done during install. To allow
the CLI to fill in missing cache data, see <code>--prefer-offline</code>.</p>
<h4 id="only">only</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: null</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>When “dev” or “development” and running local <code>npm install</code> without any
arguments, only devDependencies (and their dependencies) are installed.</p>
<p>When “dev” or “development” and running local <code>npm ls</code>, <code>npm outdated</code>, or
<code>npm update</code>, is an alias for <code>--dev</code>.</p>
<p>When “prod” or “production” and running local <code>npm install</code> without any
arguments, only non-devDependencies (and their dependencies) are
installed.</p>
<p>When “prod” or “production” and running local <code>npm ls</code>, <code>npm outdated</code>, or
<code>npm update</code>, is an alias for <code>--production</code>.</p>
<h4 id="optional">optional</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Attempt to install packages in the <code>optionalDependencies</code> object. Note
that if these packages fail to install, the overall installation
process is not aborted.</p>
<h4 id="otp">otp</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: null</li>
<li>Type: Number</li>
</ul>
<p>This is a one-time password from a two-factor authenticator. It’s needed
when publishing or changing package permissions with <code>npm access</code>.</p>
<h4 id="package-lock">package-lock</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If set to false, then ignore <code>package-lock.json</code> files when installing. This
will also prevent <em>writing</em> <code>package-lock.json</code> if <code>save</code> is true.</p>
<p>When package package-locks are disabled, automatic pruning of extraneous
modules will also be disabled. To remove extraneous modules with
package-locks disabled use <code>npm prune</code>.</p>
<p>This option is an alias for <code>--shrinkwrap</code>.</p>
<h4 id="package-lock-only">package-lock-only</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If set to true, it will update only the <code>package-lock.json</code>,
instead of checking <code>node_modules</code> and downloading dependencies.</p>
<h4 id="parseable">parseable</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Output parseable results from commands that write to
standard output. For <code>npm search</code>, this will be tab-separated table format.</p>
<h4 id="prefer-offline">prefer-offline</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If true, staleness checks for cached data will be bypassed, but missing data
will be requested from the server. To force full offline mode, use <code>--offline</code>.</p>
<p>This option is effectively equivalent to <code>--cache-min=9999999</code>.</p>
<h4 id="prefer-online">prefer-online</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If true, staleness checks for cached data will be forced, making the CLI look
for updates immediately even for fresh package data.</p>
<h4 id="prefix">prefix</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: see <a href="../configuring-npm/folders.html">folders</a></li>
<li>Type: path</li>
</ul>
<p>The location to install global items. If set on the command line, then
it forces non-global commands to run in the specified folder.</p>
<h4 id="preid">preid</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: “”</li>
<li>Type: String</li>
</ul>
<p>The “prerelease identifier” to use as a prefix for the “prerelease” part of a
semver. Like the <code>rc</code> in <code>1.2.0-rc.8</code>.</p>
<h4 id="production">production</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Set to true to run in “production” mode.</p>
<ol>
<li>devDependencies are not installed at the topmost level when running
local <code>npm install</code> without any arguments.</li>
<li>Set the NODE_ENV=“production” for lifecycle scripts.</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="progress">progress</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true, unless TRAVIS or CI env vars set.</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>When set to <code>true</code>, npm will display a progress bar during time intensive
operations, if <code>process.stderr</code> is a TTY.</p>
<p>Set to <code>false</code> to suppress the progress bar.</p>
<h4 id="proxy">proxy</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: null</li>
<li>Type: url</li>
</ul>
<p>A proxy to use for outgoing http requests. If the <code>HTTP_PROXY</code> or
<code>http_proxy</code> environment variables are set, proxy settings will be
honored by the underlying <code>request</code> library.</p>
<h4 id="read-only">read-only</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>This is used to mark a token as unable to publish when configuring limited access tokens with the <code>npm token create</code> command.</p>
<h4 id="rebuild-bundle">rebuild-bundle</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Rebuild bundled dependencies after installation.</p>
<h4 id="registry">registry</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: <a href="https://registry.npmjs.org/">https://registry.npmjs.org/</a></li>
<li>Type: url</li>
</ul>
<p>The base URL of the npm package registry.</p>
<h4 id="rollback">rollback</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Remove failed installs.</p>
<h4 id="save">save</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: true</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Save installed packages to a package.json file as dependencies.</p>
<p>When used with the <code>npm rm</code> command, it removes it from the <code>dependencies</code>
object.</p>
<p>Only works if there is already a package.json file present.</p>
<h4 id="save-bundle">save-bundle</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>If a package would be saved at install time by the use of <code>--save</code>,
<code>--save-dev</code>, or <code>--save-optional</code>, then also put it in the
<code>bundleDependencies</code> list.</p>
<p>When used with the <code>npm rm</code> command, it removes it from the
bundledDependencies list.</p>
<h4 id="save-prod">save-prod</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Makes sure that a package will be saved into <code>dependencies</code> specifically. This
is useful if a package already exists in <code>devDependencies</code> or
<code>optionalDependencies</code>, but you want to move it to be a production dep. This is
also the default behavior if <code>--save</code> is true, and neither <code>--save-dev</code> or
<code>--save-optional</code> are true.</p>
<h4 id="save-dev">save-dev</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Save installed packages to a package.json file as <code>devDependencies</code>.</p>
<p>When used with the <code>npm rm</code> command, it removes it from the
<code>devDependencies</code> object.</p>
<p>Only works if there is already a package.json file present.</p>
<h4 id="save-exact">save-exact</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Dependencies saved to package.json using <code>--save</code>, <code>--save-dev</code> or
<code>--save-optional</code> will be configured with an exact version rather than
using npm’s default semver range operator.</p>
<h4 id="save-optional">save-optional</h4>
<ul>
<li>Default: false</li>
<li>Type: Boolean</li>
</ul>
<p>Save installed packages to a package.json file as
optionalDependencies.</p>
<p>When used with the <code>npm rm</code> command, it removes it from the
<code>devDependencies</code> object.</p>
<p>Only works if there is already a package.json file present.</p>
<h4 id="save-prefix">save-prefix</h4>