diff --git a/lib/internal/modules/esm/loader.js b/lib/internal/modules/esm/loader.js
index 692ba834631f05..120ab8ccb0beae 100644
--- a/lib/internal/modules/esm/loader.js
+++ b/lib/internal/modules/esm/loader.js
@@ -782,15 +782,11 @@ class ESMLoader {
    * @param {string} originalSpecifier The specified URL path of the module to
    *                                   be resolved.
    * @param {string} [parentURL] The URL path of the module's parent.
-   * @param {ImportAssertions} [importAssertions] Assertions from the import
+   * @param {ImportAssertions} importAssertions Assertions from the import
    *                                              statement or expression.
    * @returns {{ format: string, url: URL['href'] }}
    */
-  async resolve(
-    originalSpecifier,
-    parentURL,
-    importAssertions = ObjectCreate(null),
-  ) {
+  async resolve(originalSpecifier, parentURL, importAssertions) {
     const isMain = parentURL === undefined;
 
     if (