diff --git a/test/wasi/test-return-on-exit.js b/test/wasi/test-return-on-exit.js
index 41a240f055b4b7..3f5d40c9ba7fb8 100644
--- a/test/wasi/test-return-on-exit.js
+++ b/test/wasi/test-return-on-exit.js
@@ -5,14 +5,27 @@ const assert = require('assert');
 const fs = require('fs');
 const path = require('path');
 const { WASI } = require('wasi');
-const wasi = new WASI({ returnOnExit: true });
-const importObject = { wasi_snapshot_preview1: wasi.wasiImport };
 const wasmDir = path.join(__dirname, 'wasm');
 const modulePath = path.join(wasmDir, 'exitcode.wasm');
 const buffer = fs.readFileSync(modulePath);
 
 (async () => {
+  const wasi = new WASI({ returnOnExit: true });
+  const importObject = { wasi_snapshot_preview1: wasi.wasiImport };
   const { instance } = await WebAssembly.instantiate(buffer, importObject);
 
   assert.strictEqual(wasi.start(instance), 120);
 })().then(common.mustCall());
+
+(async () => {
+  // Verify that if a WASI application throws an exception, Node rethrows it
+  // properly.
+  const wasi = new WASI({ returnOnExit: true });
+  wasi.wasiImport.proc_exit = () => { throw new Error('test error'); };
+  const importObject = { wasi_snapshot_preview1: wasi.wasiImport };
+  const { instance } = await WebAssembly.instantiate(buffer, importObject);
+
+  assert.throws(() => {
+    wasi.start(instance);
+  }, /^Error: test error$/);
+})().then(common.mustCall());