title	metaTitle	metaDescription
Cascading deletes (PostgreSQL)	Configure cascading deletes with Prisma and PostgreSQL	Learn how to configure cascading deletes with Prisma and PostgreSQL by following the step-by-step instructions in this practical guide.

In 2.26.0 and later it is possible to do cascading deletes using the preview feature referential actions.

This page explains how to configure cascading deletes on foreign key constraints (relations) in your PostgreSQL database.

Cascading deletes allow you to configure deletion behavior on relations (e.g. specify a rule like "when a user is deleted, all their posts should be automatically deleted too"). The database will then enforce this behavior when records are deleted.

There generally are five options for configuring deletion behavior in PostgreSQL (quoting from the PostgreSQL docs):

NO ACTION (default): If any referencing rows still exist when the constraint is checked, an error is raised
RESTRICT: Prevents deletion of a referenced row. The essential difference between these two choices is that NO ACTION allows the check to be deferred until later in the transaction, whereas RESTRICT does not.
CASCADE: When a referenced row is deleted, row(s) referencing it should be automatically deleted as well.
SET NULL: Causes the referencing columns to be set to NULL when the referenced row is deleted.
SET DEFAULT: Causes the referencing columns to be set to their default values when the referenced row is deleted. Note that these do not excuse you from observing any constraints. For example, if an action specifies SET DEFAULT but the default value would not satisfy the foreign key, the operation will fail.

In this guide, you'll create two tables where one references the other via a foreign key and explore the different options for cascading deletes.

At the end of the guide, you'll introspect your database to reflect the foreign key in the Prisma schema, then you'll generate Prisma Client and write a simple Node.js script to test the deletion behaviors.

Prerequisites

In order to follow this guide, you need:

a PostgreSQL database server running
the createdb command line utility
the psql command line client for PostgreSQL
the Node.js runtime for JavaScript installed on your machine

1. Create a new database and project directory

Start by creating a project directory where you can put the files you'll create throughout this guide:

mkdir cascading-deletes-demo
cd cascading-deletes-demo

Next, make sure that your PostgreSQL database server is running. Then execute the following command in your terminal to create a new database called CascadingDeletesDemo:

createdb CascadingDeletesDemo

You can validate that the database was created by running the \dt command which lists all tables (relations) in your database (right now there are none):

psql -d CascadingDeletesDemo -c "\dt"

2. Create two tables with a foreign key and `RESTRICT` deletion behavior

In this section, you'll create two tables where one references the other via a foreign key and uses RESTRICT in the CascadingDeletesDemo database.

Create a new file named cascading-deletes-restrict.sql and add the following code to it:

CREATE TABLE "public"."User" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name TEXT
);

CREATE TABLE "public"."Post" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  title TEXT,
  "authorId" INTEGER,
  CONSTRAINT author FOREIGN KEY ("authorId") REFERENCES "public"."User" (id) ON DELETE RESTRICT
);

Now run the SQL statement against your database to create the two tables:

psql CascadingDeletesDemo < cascading-deletes-restrict.sql

Congratulations, you just created two tables called User and Post in the database. The Post table references the User table via the foreign key defined on the authorId column.

The deletion behavior RESTRICT in this case means that it is not possible to delete a User record that is referenced User record. If you try doing that, the database will throw an error similar to this:

update or delete on table "User" violates foreign key constraint "Post_author_fkey" on table "Post"
Detail: Key (id)=(1) is still referenced from table "Post".

Alternative: Define the constraint as a table constraint

In the code above, you created the unique constraint as a table constraint. Alternatively, you can define it as a column constraint. There's no practical difference between the two, the alternative is just added for completeness.

To add the foreign key constraint as a column constraint, you need to adjust your SQL statement for creating the Post table to look as follows:

CREATE TABLE "public"."Post" (
  id SERIAL,
  title TEXT,
  author INTEGER REFERENCES "public"."User" (id) ON DELETE RESTRICT
);

3. Create two tables with a foreign key and `CASCADE` deletion behavior

In this section, you'll create two tables where one references the other via a foreign key and uses CASCADE in the CascadingDeletesDemo database.

Create a new file named cascading-deletes-cascade.sql and add the following code to it:

CREATE TABLE "public"."AnotherUser" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name TEXT
);

CREATE TABLE "public"."AnotherPost" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  title TEXT,
  "authorId" INTEGER,
  CONSTRAINT author FOREIGN KEY ("authorId") REFERENCES "public"."AnotherUser" (id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

Now run the SQL statement against your database to create the two tables:

psql CascadingDeletesDemo < cascading-deletes-cascade.sql

Congratulations, you just created two tables called AnotherUser and AnotherPost in the database. The AnotherPost table references the AnotherUser table via the foreign key defined on the authorId column.

The deletion behavior CASCADE in this case means that when you delete a AnotherUser record that's referenced by one or more AnotherPost records, these AnotherPost records will be deleted as well.

4. Create two tables with a foreign key and `NO ACTION` deletion behavior

In this section, you'll create two tables where one references the other via a foreign key and uses NO ACTION in the CascadingDeletesDemo database.

Create a new file named cascading-deletes-no-action.sql and add the following code to it:

CREATE TABLE "public"."OneMoreUser" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name TEXT
);

CREATE TABLE "public"."OneMorePost" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  title TEXT,
  "authorId" INTEGER,
  CONSTRAINT author FOREIGN KEY ("authorId") REFERENCES "public"."OneMoreUser" (id) ON DELETE NO ACTION
);

Note that because NO ACTION is the default, you could also omit it:

CREATE TABLE "public"."OneMorePost" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  title TEXT,
  "authorId" INTEGER,
  CONSTRAINT author FOREIGN KEY ("authorId") REFERENCES "public"."OneMoreUser" (id)
);

Now run the SQL statement against your database to create the two tables:

psql CascadingDeletesDemo < cascading-deletes-no-action.sql

Congratulations, you just created two tables called OneMoreUser and OneMorePost in the database. The OneMorePost table references the OneMoreUser table via the foreign key defined on the authorId column.

The deletion behavior NO ACTION in this case means that it is not possible to delete a OneMoreUser record that is referenced OneMoreUser record. If you try doing that, the database will throw an error similar to this:

update or delete on table "User" violates foreign key constraint "Post_author_fkey" on table "Post"
Detail: Key (id)=(1) is still referenced from table "Post".

5. Create two tables with a foreign key and `SET NULL` deletion behavior

In this section, you'll create two tables where one references the other via a foreign key and uses SET NULL in the CascadingDeletesDemo database.

Create a new file named cascading-deletes-set-null.sql and add the following code to it:

CREATE TABLE "public"."AlmostTheLastUser" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name TEXT
);

CREATE TABLE "public"."AlmostTheLastPost" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  title TEXT,
  "authorId" INTEGER,
  CONSTRAINT author FOREIGN KEY ("authorId") REFERENCES "public"."AlmostTheLastUser" (id) ON DELETE SET NULL
);

Now run the SQL statement against your database to create the two tables:

psql CascadingDeletesDemo < cascading-deletes-set-null.sql

Congratulations, you just created two tables called AlmostTheLastUser and AlmostTheLastPost in the database. The AlmostTheLastPost table references the AlmostTheLastUser table via the foreign key defined on the authorId column.

The deletion behavior SET NULL in this case means that when you delete a AlmostTheLastUser record that's referenced by one or more AlmostTheLastPost records, the authorId column on these AlmostTheLastPost records will be set to NULL (therefore maintaining the integrity of the data and ensuring that no AlmostTheLastPost records point to non-existing AlmostTheLastUser records).

6. Create two tables with a foreign key and `SET DEFAULT` deletion behavior

In this section, you'll create two tables where one references the other via a foreign key and uses SET DEFAULT in the CascadingDeletesDemo database.

Create a new file named cascading-deletes-set-default.sql and add the following code to it:

CREATE TABLE "public"."TheLastUser" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name TEXT
);

CREATE TABLE "public"."TheLastPost" (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  title TEXT,
  "authorId" INTEGER DEFAULT 42,
  CONSTRAINT author FOREIGN KEY ("authorId") REFERENCES "public"."TheLastUser" (id) ON DELETE SET DEFAULT
);

Now run the SQL statement against your database to create the two tables:

psql CascadingDeletesDemo < cascading-deletes-set-default.sql

Congratulations, you just created two tables called TheLastUser and TheLastPost in the database. The TheLastPost table references the TheLastUser table via the foreign key defined on the authorId column.

The deletion behavior SET NULL in this case means that when you delete a TheLastUser record that's referenced by one or more TheLastPost records, the authorId column on these TheLastPost records will be set to the default value of the column. If no default exists, it will be set to NULL (in that case, the behavior would be identical to SET NULL). In the above table, a contrived example with a default value of 42 is used. If no TheLastUser record with an id value of 42 exists though, the operation will fail with a message similar to this:

insert or update on table "TheLastPost" violates foreign key constraint "TheLastPost_author_fkey"
Detail: Key (authorId)=(42) is not present in table "TheLastUser".

Since TheLastPost records can only ever reference existing TheLastUser records, SET NULL also maintains the integrity of the data and ensures that no TheLastPost records can point to non-existing TheLastUser records.

7. Introspect your database with Prisma

Deprecation warning
From Prisma 3.0.0 onwards, the prisma introspect command will be deprecated and replaced with the prisma db pull command.

In the previous sections, you created five times two tables with foreign key constraints:

The table Post uses RESTRICT behavior on the foreign key column authorId which points to the User table
The table AnotherPost uses CASCADE behavior on the foreign key column authorId which points to the AnotherUser table
The table OneMorePost uses NO ACTION behavior on the foreign key column authorId which points to the OneMoreUser table
The table AlmostTheLastPost uses SET NULL behavior on the foreign key column authorId which points to the AlmostTheLastUser table
The table TheLastPost uses SET DEFAULT behavior on the foreign key column authorId which points to the TheLastUser table

In this section you'll introspect your database to generate the Prisma models for these tables.

To start, set up a new Node.js project and add the prisma CLI as a development dependency:

npm init -y
npm install prisma --save-dev

In order to introspect your database, you need to tell Prisma how to connect to it. You do so by configuring a datasource in your Prisma schema.

Create a new file named schema.prisma and add the following code to it:

datasource db {
  provider = "postgresql"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

The database connection URL is set via an environment variable. The Prisma CLI automatically supports the dotenv format which automatically picks up environment variables defined in a file named .env.

Create a new file named .env and set your database connection URL as the DATABASE_URL environment variable:

DATABASE_URL=postgresql://__USER__:__PASSWORD__@__HOST__:__PORT__/CascadingDeletesDemo

In the above code snippet, you need to replace the uppercase placeholders with your own connection details. For example, if your database is running locally it could look like this:

DATABASE_URL=postgresql://janedoe:mypassword@localhost:5432/CascadingDeletesDemo

With both the schema.prisma and .env files in place, you can run Prisma's introspection with the following command:

npx prisma introspect

This command introspects your database and for each table adds a Prisma model to the Prisma schema:

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client-js"
}

datasource db {
  provider = "postgresql"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

model AlmostTheLastPost {
  authorId          Int?
  id                Int                @default(autoincrement()) @id
  title             String?
  AlmostTheLastUser AlmostTheLastUser? @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id])
}

model AlmostTheLastUser {
  id                Int                 @default(autoincrement()) @id
  name              String?
  AlmostTheLastPost AlmostTheLastPost[]
}

model AnotherPost {
  authorId    Int?
  id          Int          @default(autoincrement()) @id
  title       String?
  AnotherUser AnotherUser? @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id])
}

model AnotherUser {
  id          Int           @default(autoincrement()) @id
  name        String?
  AnotherPost AnotherPost[]
}

model OneMorePost {
  authorId    Int?
  id          Int          @default(autoincrement()) @id
  title       String?
  OneMoreUser OneMoreUser? @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id])
}

model OneMoreUser {
  id          Int           @default(autoincrement()) @id
  name        String?
  OneMorePost OneMorePost[]
}

model Post {
  authorId Int?
  id       Int     @default(autoincrement()) @id
  title    String?
  User     User?   @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id])
}

model TheLastPost {
  authorId    Int?         @default(42)
  id          Int          @default(autoincrement()) @id
  title       String?
  TheLastUser TheLastUser? @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id])
}

model TheLastUser {
  id          Int           @default(autoincrement()) @id
  name        String?
  TheLastPost TheLastPost[]
}

model User {
  id   Int     @default(autoincrement()) @id
  name String?
  Post Post[]
}

Note: Deletion behaviors for relations are not yet supported in the Prisma schema so you don't see them anywhere. The behavior will still be enforced by the database though since that's where you configured it.

8. Generate Prisma Client

To validate whether the foreign key constraints work, you'll now generate Prisma Client and send a few sample queries to the database to test the relations.

First, add a generator block to your Prisma schema (typically added right below the datasource block):

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client-js"
}

Run the following command to install and generate Prisma Client in your project:

npx prisma generate

Now you can use Prisma Client to send database queries in Node.js.

9. Validate the deletion behavior in a Node.js script

9.1. Validating `RESTRICT`

The RESTRICT keyword prevents deletion of a referenced row. So, when trying to delete a User record that is reference by a Post record, the query will fail.

To test the RESTRICT behavior, you need to access the User and Post tables.

Create a new file named index.js and add the following code to it:

const { PrismaClient } = require('@prisma/client')

const prisma = new PrismaClient()

async function main() {
  const userWithPost = await prisma.user.create({
    data: {
      name: 'Alice',
      Post: {
        create: { title: 'Hello World' },
      },
    },
  })

  try {
    const deletedUser = await prisma.user.delete({
      where: { id: userWithPost.id },
    })
  } catch (e) {
    console.log(e)
  }
}

main()

Run the code with this command:

node index.js

The script will throw an exception when invoking prisma.user.delete(...). The error will look similar to this:

PrismaClientUnknownRequestError:
Invalid `prisma.user.delete()` invocation in
/Users/janedoe/cascading-deletes-demo/index.js:16:49

PANIC: column on null constraint violation error
    at PrismaClientFetcher.request (/Users/janedoe/cascading-deletes-demo/node_modules/@prisma/client/runtime/index.js:1:51487)
    at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:85:5)
Error in Prisma Client:
PANIC: column on null constraint violation error in
/root/.cargo/git/checkouts/quaint-9f01e008b9a89c14/a1decce/src/connector/postgres/error.rs:67:35

This is a non-recoverable error which probably happens when the Prisma Query Engine has a panic.
Please create an issue in https://github.com/prisma/prisma-client-js describing the last Prisma Client query you called.

TODO: Replace when prisma/prisma-client-js#609 was closed.

9.2. Validating `CASCADE`

The CASCADE keyword ensures that when a referenced row is deleted, all the rows that are referencing it get deleted as well. So, when trying to delete an AnotherUser record that is referenced by one or more AnotherPost records, these AnotherPost records will be deleted too.

To test the CASCADE behavior, you need to access the AnotherUser and AnotherPost tables.

Open the index.js file and replace its contents with the following code:

const { PrismaClient } = require('@prisma/client')

const prisma = new PrismaClient()

async function main() {
  const userWithPost = await prisma.anotherUser.create({
    data: {
      name: 'Alice',
      anotherPost: {
        create: { title: 'Hello World' },
      },
    },
  })

  const allUsers1 = await prisma.anotherUser.findMany()
  const allPosts1 = await prisma.anotherPost.findMany()

  console.log(
    `Before deleting the \`AnotherUser\` record there are ${allUsers1.length} users and ${allPosts1.length} posts.`
  )

  const deletedUser = await prisma.anotherUser.delete({
    where: { id: userWithPost.id },
  })

  const allUsers2 = await prisma.anotherUser.findMany()
  const allPosts2 = await prisma.anotherPost.findMany()

  console.log(
    `After deleting the \`AnotherUser\` record there are ${allUsers2.length} users and ${allPosts2.length} posts.`
  )
}

main()

Run the code with this command:

node index.js

The console output will look similar to this:

Before deleting the `AnotherUser` record there are 1 users and 1 posts.
After deleting the `AnotherUser` record there are 0 users and 0 posts.

9.3. Validating `NO ACTION`

The NO ACTION keyword prevents deletion of a referenced row. So, when trying to delete a OneMoreUser record that is reference by a OneMorePost record, the query will fail.

To test the NO ACTION behavior, you need to access the OneMoreUser and OneMorePost tables.

Open the index.js file and replace its contents with the following code:

const { PrismaClient } = require('@prisma/client')

const prisma = new PrismaClient()

async function main() {
  const userWithPost = await prisma.oneMoreUser.create({
    data: {
      name: 'Alice',
      OneMorePost: {
        create: { title: 'Hello World' },
      },
    },
  })

  try {
    const deletedUser = await prisma.$oneMoreUser.delete({
      where: { id: userWithPost.id },
    })
  } catch (e) {
    console.log(e)
  }
}

main()

Run the code with this command:

node index.js

The script will throw an exception when invoking prisma.user.delete(...). The error will look similar to this:

PrismaClientUnknownRequestError:
Invalid `const deletedUser = await prisma.$oneMoreUser.delete()` invocation in
/Users/janedoe/cascading-deletes-demo/index.js:16:56

  12   },
  13 });
  14
  15 try {
→ 16   const deletedUser = await prisma.$oneMoreUser.delete(

PANIC: column on null constraint violation error
    at PrismaClientFetcher.request (/Users/janedoe/cascading-deletes-demo/node_modules/@prisma/client/runtime/index.js:1:51487)
    at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:85:5)
Error in Prisma Client:
PANIC: column on null constraint violation error in
/root/.cargo/git/checkouts/quaint-9f01e008b9a89c14/a1decce/src/connector/postgres/error.rs:67:35

This is a non-recoverable error which probably happens when the Prisma Query Engine has a panic.
Please create an issue in https://github.com/prisma/prisma-client-js describing the last Prisma Client query you called.

TODO: Replace when prisma/prisma-client-js#609 was closed.

9.4. Validating `SET NULL`

The SET NULL keyword ensures that when a referenced row is deleted, all the rows that are referencing it reset their foreign key to NULL. So, when deleting an AlmostTheLastUser record that is referenced by one or more AlmostTheLastPost records, these AlmostTheLastPost records will reset their authorId fields to NULL.

To test the SET NULL behavior, you need to access the AlmostTheLastUser and AlmostTheLastPost tables.

Open the index.js file and replace its contents with the following code:

const { PrismaClient } = require('@prisma/client')

const prisma = new PrismaClient()

async function main() {
  const userWithPost = await prisma.almostTheLastUser.create({
    data: {
      name: 'Alice',
      AlmostTheLastPost: {
        create: { title: 'Hello World' },
      },
    },
    include: {
      AlmostTheLastPost: true,
    },
  })

  const postBefore = await prisma.almostTheLastPost.findUnique({
    where: { id: userWithPost.AlmostTheLastPost[0].id },
    include: { AlmostTheLastUser: true },
  })

  console.log(
    `Before deleting the \`AlmostTheLastUser\` record, the \`AlmostTheLastPost\` record looks as follows:\n${JSON.stringify(
      postBefore
    )}`
  )

  const deletedUser = await prisma.almostTheLastUser.delete({
    where: { id: userWithPost.id },
  })

  const postAfter = await prisma.almostTheLastPost.findUnique({
    where: { id: postBefore.id },
    include: { AlmostTheLastUser: true },
  })

  console.log(
    `After deleting the \`AlmostTheLastUser\` record, the \`AlmostTheLastPost\` record looks as follows:\n${JSON.stringify(
      postAfter
    )}`
  )
}

main()

Run the code with this command:

node index.js

The console output will look similar to this:

$ node index.js
Before deleting the `AlmostTheLastUser` record, the `AlmostTheLastPost` record looks as follows:
{"authorId":1,"id":1,"title":"Hello World","AlmostTheLastUser":{"id":1,"name":"Alice"}}
After deleting the `AlmostTheLastUser` record, the `AlmostTheLastPost` record looks as follows:
{"authorId":null,"id":1,"title":"Hello World","AlmostTheLastUser":null}

9.5. Validating `SET DEFAULT`

The SET DEFAULT keyword ensures that when a referenced row is deleted, all the rows that are referencing it set their foreign key to their default value (if there's no default value defined, it resets the foreign key to NULL). So, when deleting an TheLastUser record that is referenced by one or more TheLastPost records, these TheLastPost records will reset their authorId fields to NULL.

To test the SET DEFAULT behavior, you need to access the TheLastUser and TheLastPost tables.

Open the index.js file and replace its contents with the following code:

const { PrismaClient } = require('@prisma/client')

const prisma = new PrismaClient()

async function main() {
  const userWithPost = await prisma.theLastUser.create({
    data: {
      name: 'Alice',
      TheLastPost: {
        create: { title: 'Hello World' },
      },
    },
    include: {
      TheLastPost: true,
    },
  })

  const postBefore = await prisma.theLastPost.findUnique({
    where: { id: userWithPost.TheLastPost[0].id },
    include: { TheLastUser: true },
  })

  console.log(
    `Before deleting the \`TheLastUser\` record, the \`TheLastPost\` record looks as follows:\n${JSON.stringify(
      postBefore
    )}`
  )

  const deletedUser = await prisma.theLastUser.delete({
    where: { id: userWithPost.id },
  })

  const postAfter = await prisma.theLastPost.findUnique({
    where: { id: postBefore.id },
    include: { TheLastUser: true },
  })

  console.log(
    `After deleting the \`TheLastUser\` record, the \`TheLastPost\` record looks as follows:\n${JSON.stringify(
      postAfter
    )}`
  )
}

main()

Run the code with this command:

node index.js

If you run this command and there's no User record in the database with an id of 42, the script is going to fail with the following error:

Before deleting the `TheLastUser` record, the `TheLastPost` record looks as follows:
{"authorId":7,"id":7,"title":"Hello World","TheLastUser":{"id":7,"name":"Alice"}}
(node:1348) UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Error:
Invalid `deletedUser = await prisma.theLastUser.delete()` invocation in
/Users/janedoe/cascading-deletes-demo/index.js:25:54

  25     postBefore
  26   )}`
  27 );
  28
→ 29 const deletedUser = await prisma.theLastUser.delete(

PANIC: column on null constraint violation error
    at PrismaClientFetcher.request (/Users/janedoe/cascading-deletes-demo/node_modules/@prisma/client/runtime/index.js:1:51487)
    at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:85:5)
(node:1348) UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Unhandled promise rejection. This error originated either by throwing inside of an async function without a catch block, or by rejecting a promise which was not handled with .catch(). (rejection id: 1)
(node:1348) [DEP0018] DeprecationWarning: Unhandled promise rejections are deprecated. In the future, promise rejections that are not handled will terminate the Node.js process with a non-zero exit code.

TODO: Replace when prisma/prisma-client-js#609 was closed.

If there is a User record with an id of 42, the output will look similar to this:

$ node index.js
Before deleting the `TheLastUser` record, the `TheLastPost` record looks as follows:
{"authorId":9,"id":9,"title":"Hello World","TheLastUser":{"id":9,"name":"Alice"}}
After deleting the `TheLastUser` record, the `TheLastPost` record looks as follows:
{"authorId":42,"id":9,"title":"Hello World","TheLastUser":{"id":42,"name":"Bob"}}

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01-postgresql.mdx

01-postgresql.mdx

Prerequisites

1. Create a new database and project directory

2. Create two tables with a foreign key and `RESTRICT` deletion behavior

3. Create two tables with a foreign key and `CASCADE` deletion behavior

4. Create two tables with a foreign key and `NO ACTION` deletion behavior

5. Create two tables with a foreign key and `SET NULL` deletion behavior

6. Create two tables with a foreign key and `SET DEFAULT` deletion behavior

7. Introspect your database with Prisma

8. Generate Prisma Client

9. Validate the deletion behavior in a Node.js script

9.1. Validating `RESTRICT`

9.2. Validating `CASCADE`

9.3. Validating `NO ACTION`

9.4. Validating `SET NULL`

9.5. Validating `SET DEFAULT`

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01-postgresql.mdx

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01-postgresql.mdx

File metadata and controls

Prerequisites

1. Create a new database and project directory

2. Create two tables with a foreign key and RESTRICT deletion behavior

3. Create two tables with a foreign key and CASCADE deletion behavior

4. Create two tables with a foreign key and NO ACTION deletion behavior

5. Create two tables with a foreign key and SET NULL deletion behavior

6. Create two tables with a foreign key and SET DEFAULT deletion behavior

7. Introspect your database with Prisma

8. Generate Prisma Client

9. Validate the deletion behavior in a Node.js script

9.1. Validating RESTRICT

9.2. Validating CASCADE

9.3. Validating NO ACTION

9.4. Validating SET NULL

9.5. Validating SET DEFAULT

2. Create two tables with a foreign key and `RESTRICT` deletion behavior

3. Create two tables with a foreign key and `CASCADE` deletion behavior

4. Create two tables with a foreign key and `NO ACTION` deletion behavior

5. Create two tables with a foreign key and `SET NULL` deletion behavior

6. Create two tables with a foreign key and `SET DEFAULT` deletion behavior

9.1. Validating `RESTRICT`

9.2. Validating `CASCADE`

9.3. Validating `NO ACTION`

9.4. Validating `SET NULL`

9.5. Validating `SET DEFAULT`