docs(string pattern matching): rewrite

[HonkingGoose]

Changes

• Use simple words and phrases
• Chop up complicated sentence into a list
• Use one sentence per line pattern
• Convert complicated lists to tables
• Use you to address the reader
• Use must to indicate requirements
• Add headings to allow users to skim
• Add admonition to warn users to escape the backslashes before copy/pasting from regex101
• Emphasize key words in the negative matching section

Context

Follow up after:

• docs: string pattern matching #27387

Documentation (please check one with an [x])

• I have updated the documentation, or
• No documentation update is required

How I've tested my work (please select one)

I have verified these changes via:

• Code inspection only, or
• Newly added/modified unit tests, or
• No unit tests but ran on a real repository, or
• Both unit tests + ran on a real repository

[renovate-release]

🎉 This PR is included in version 37.214.4 🎉

The release is available on:

• GitHub release
• npm package (@latest dist-tag)
• 37.214.4

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