Operators

All dialects support the following standard operators:

• Arithmetic: +, -, *, /
• Comparison: =, >, >=, <, <=, <>, !=
• Logical: AND, OR, NOT, IS, IS NOT

The standard also defines operators that aren't supported a lot in actual implementations:

• :: static method invocation
• -> attribute or method reference
• || string concatenation
• .. embedded Ada and Pascal syntax

Below only additional non-standard operators are listed (the uncommon ones (::, ->, ||, ..) are assumed to be unsupported unless mentioned otherwise):

BigQuery:

• Bitwise: &, |, ^, ~, <<, >>
• Comparison: IS [NOT] DISTINCT FROM
• String/Array concatenation: ||

DB2:

• Arithmetic: **, %
• Bitwise: &, |, ^⁴, ~
• Comparison: ¬=, ¬>, !>, ¬<, !<, ^=, ^<, ^>
• String concatenation: CONCAT, ||
• Dereference operation: ->
• Named arguments: =>

DB2i:

• Arithmetic: **
• Comparison: ¬=, ¬>, !>, ¬<, !<
• String concatenation: CONCAT, ||
• Named arguments: =>

Hive:

• Arithmetic: %, DIV
• Bitwise: ~, ^, |, &
• Comparison: ==, <=> (NULL-safe equal operator)
• Logical: !
• String concatenation: ||

MariaDB:

• Arithmetic: %, MOD, DIV
• Assignment: :=
• Bitwise: &, |, ^, ~, >>, <<
• Comparison: <=> (NULL-safe equal operator)
• Logical: &&, ||, XOR, !

MySQL:

• Arithmetic: %, MOD, DIV
• Assignment: :=
• Bitwise: &, |, ^, ~, >>, <<
• Comparison: <=> (NULL-safe equal operator)
• JSON: ->, ->>
• Logical: &&, ||, XOR, !

N1QL:

• Arithmetic: %
• Comparison: ==
• Object key-value separator: :
• String concatenation: ||

PL/SQL:

• Arithmetic: **³
• Assignment: :=
• Attribute indicator: %
• Comparison: ^=, ~=³
• FOR loop range: ..
• Label delimiters: <<, >>
• Named arguments: =>
• Remote access indicator: @
• String concatenation: ||

PostgreSQL:

• Arithmetic: %, ^, |/ (square root), ||/ (cube root), @ (abs value)
• Assignment: :=
• Bitwise: &, |, #, ~, >>, <<
• Byte comparison: ~>=~, ~<=~, ~>~, ~<~
• Comparison: IS [NOT] DISTINCT FROM
• Geometric: @-@, @@, #, ##, <->, @>, <@, &&, <<, >>, &<, &>, <<|, |>>, &<|, |&>, <^, >^, ?#, ?-, ?|, ?-|, ?||, ~=
• JSON: ->, ->>, #>, #>>, @>, ?, ?|, ?&, ||, #-, @?, @@
• Named function params: =>
• Network address: <<, >>, <<=, >>=, &&, ~, &, |
• Pattern matching: ~~, ~~*, !~~, !~~*
• Posix Regex: ~, ~*, !~, !~*
• Range/multirange: @>, <@, &&, <<, >>, &<, &>, -|-,
• String concatenation: ||
• Text search: @@, @@@, ||, &&, !!, <->, @>, <@
• Trigram/trigraph: %, <%, %>, <<%, %>>, <->, <<->, <->>, <<<->, <->>>
• Type cast: ::

Redshift:

• Arithmetic: ^, %, @ (absolute value), |/ (square root) ||/ cube root
• Bitwise: &, |, #, ~, <<, >>
• String concatenation: ||
• Type cast: ::

SingleStoreDB:

• Assignment:² :=
• Bitwise: &, |, ^, ~, >>, <<
• Comparison: <=> (NULL-safe equal operator)
• JSON: ::, ::$, ::%
• Logical:¹ &&, ||
• Type cast: :>, !:>

Snowflake:

• Arithmethic: %
• Generator: =>
• Path: :
• String concatenation: ||
• Type cast: ::

Spark:

Same as Hive. Additionally (perhaps also in Hive?):

• Lambda expression: ->

SQLite:

• Arithmetic: %
• Bitwise: ~, &, |, <<, >>
• Comparison: ==
• JSON: ->, ->>
• String concatenation: ||

TiDB:

• Arithmetic: %, MOD, DIV
• Assignment: :=
• Bitwise: &, |, ^, ~, >>, <<
• Comparison: <=> (NULL-safe equal operator)
• JSON: ->, ->>
• Logical: &&, ||, XOR, !

Transact-SQL:

• Arithmetic: %
• Bitwise: &, |, ^, ~
• Comparison: !<, !>
• Compound: +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, &=, |=, ^=
• Scope resolution: ::

Trino:

• Arithmetic: %
• Comparison: IS [NOT] DISTINCT FROM
• Lambda expression: ->
• Named arguments: =>
• Object key-value separator: :
• Row pattern syntax: +, |, *, ?, $, (..), {-..-}, {n}, {m,n}
• String concatenation: ||

Notes:

1. Tested SingleStoreDB boolean operators manually. Found no docs for these.
2. SingleStoreDB only clearly documents the use of = operator for assignment, but testing shows that := works as well (the docs also contain a lonely example that uses the := syntax).
3. Tested on Oracle Live SQL playground the following operators: **, ~=. Both of them produced an error.
4. Treated as exponentiation when SQL_COMPAT='NPS', normally treated as XOR.