diff --git a/packages/eslint-plugin/README.md b/packages/eslint-plugin/README.md
index d10d9f07990..ec14afa8c90 100644
--- a/packages/eslint-plugin/README.md
+++ b/packages/eslint-plugin/README.md
@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ Pro Tip: For larger codebases you may want to consider splitting our linting int
 | [`@typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call`](./docs/rules/no-unsafe-call.md)                                                   | Disallows calling an any type value                                                                                     | :white_check_mark: |          | :thought_balloon: |
 | [`@typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access`](./docs/rules/no-unsafe-member-access.md)                                 | Disallows member access on any typed variables                                                                          | :white_check_mark: |          | :thought_balloon: |
 | [`@typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return`](./docs/rules/no-unsafe-return.md)                                               | Disallows returning any from a function                                                                                 | :white_check_mark: |          | :thought_balloon: |
+| [`@typescript-eslint/no-useless-empty-export`](./docs/rules/no-useless-empty-export.md)                                 | Disallow empty exports that don't change anything in a module file                                                      |                    | :wrench: |                   |
 | [`@typescript-eslint/no-var-requires`](./docs/rules/no-var-requires.md)                                                 | Disallows the use of require statements except in import statements                                                     | :white_check_mark: |          |                   |
 | [`@typescript-eslint/non-nullable-type-assertion-style`](./docs/rules/non-nullable-type-assertion-style.md)             | Prefers a non-null assertion over explicit type cast when possible                                                      |                    | :wrench: | :thought_balloon: |
 | [`@typescript-eslint/prefer-as-const`](./docs/rules/prefer-as-const.md)                                                 | Prefer usage of `as const` over literal type                                                                            | :white_check_mark: | :wrench: |                   |
diff --git a/packages/eslint-plugin/docs/rules/no-useless-empty-export.md b/packages/eslint-plugin/docs/rules/no-useless-empty-export.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0cb24763f12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/eslint-plugin/docs/rules/no-useless-empty-export.md
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# `no-useless-empty-export`
+
+Disallow empty exports that don't change anything in a module file.
+
+## Rule Details
+
+An empty `export {}` statement is sometimes useful in TypeScript code to turn a file that would otherwise be a script file into a module file.
+Per the TypeScript Handbook [Modules](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/modules.html) page:
+
+> In TypeScript, just as in ECMAScript 2015, any file containing a top-level import or export is considered a module.
+> Conversely, a file without any top-level import or export declarations is treated as a script whose contents are available in the global scope (and therefore to modules as well).
+
+However, an `export {}` statement does nothing if there are any other top-level import or export statements in a file.
+
+Examples of code for this rule:
+
+<!--tabs-->
+
+### ❌ Incorrect
+
+```ts
+export const value = 'Hello, world!';
+export {};
+```
+
+```ts
+import 'some-other-module';
+export {};
+```
+
+### ✅ Correct
+
+```ts
+export const value = 'Hello, world!';
+```
+
+```ts
+import 'some-other-module';
+```
+
+## Attributes
+
+- [ ] ✅ Recommended
+- [x] 🔧 Fixable
+- [ ] 💭 Requires type information
diff --git a/packages/eslint-plugin/src/configs/all.ts b/packages/eslint-plugin/src/configs/all.ts
index c052ce4eb37..8b63b936b4a 100644
--- a/packages/eslint-plugin/src/configs/all.ts
+++ b/packages/eslint-plugin/src/configs/all.ts
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ export = {
     '@typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars': 'error',
     'no-use-before-define': 'off',
     '@typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define': 'error',
+    '@typescript-eslint/no-useless-empty-export': 'error',
     'no-useless-constructor': 'off',
     '@typescript-eslint/no-useless-constructor': 'error',
     '@typescript-eslint/no-var-requires': 'error',
diff --git a/packages/eslint-plugin/src/rules/index.ts b/packages/eslint-plugin/src/rules/index.ts
index 96251c3c22f..3249559746a 100644
--- a/packages/eslint-plugin/src/rules/index.ts
+++ b/packages/eslint-plugin/src/rules/index.ts
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ import noUnusedExpressions from './no-unused-expressions';
 import noUnusedVars from './no-unused-vars';
 import noUseBeforeDefine from './no-use-before-define';
 import noUselessConstructor from './no-useless-constructor';
+import noUselessEmptyExport from './no-useless-empty-export';
 import noVarRequires from './no-var-requires';
 import nonNullableTypeAssertionStyle from './non-nullable-type-assertion-style';
 import objectCurlySpacing from './object-curly-spacing';
@@ -206,6 +207,7 @@ export default {
   'no-unused-vars': noUnusedVars,
   'no-use-before-define': noUseBeforeDefine,
   'no-useless-constructor': noUselessConstructor,
+  'no-useless-empty-export': noUselessEmptyExport,
   'no-var-requires': noVarRequires,
   'non-nullable-type-assertion-style': nonNullableTypeAssertionStyle,
   'object-curly-spacing': objectCurlySpacing,
diff --git a/packages/eslint-plugin/src/rules/no-useless-empty-export.ts b/packages/eslint-plugin/src/rules/no-useless-empty-export.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c06c47b8f8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/eslint-plugin/src/rules/no-useless-empty-export.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import { AST_NODE_TYPES, TSESTree } from '@typescript-eslint/utils';
+import * as util from '../util';
+
+function isEmptyExport(
+  node: TSESTree.Node,
+): node is TSESTree.ExportNamedDeclaration {
+  return (
+    node.type === AST_NODE_TYPES.ExportNamedDeclaration &&
+    node.specifiers.length === 0 &&
+    !node.declaration
+  );
+}
+
+const exportOrImportNodeTypes = new Set([
+  AST_NODE_TYPES.ExportAllDeclaration,
+  AST_NODE_TYPES.ExportDefaultDeclaration,
+  AST_NODE_TYPES.ExportNamedDeclaration,
+  AST_NODE_TYPES.ExportSpecifier,
+  AST_NODE_TYPES.ImportDeclaration,
+  AST_NODE_TYPES.TSExportAssignment,
+  AST_NODE_TYPES.TSImportEqualsDeclaration,
+]);
+
+export default util.createRule({
+  name: 'no-useless-empty-export',
+  meta: {
+    docs: {
+      description:
+        "Disallow empty exports that don't change anything in a module file",
+      recommended: false,
+      suggestion: true,
+    },
+    fixable: 'code',
+    hasSuggestions: true,
+    messages: {
+      uselessExport: 'Empty export does nothing and can be removed.',
+    },
+    schema: [],
+    type: 'suggestion',
+  },
+  defaultOptions: [],
+  create(context) {
+    function checkNode(
+      node: TSESTree.Program | TSESTree.TSModuleDeclaration,
+    ): void {
+      if (!Array.isArray(node.body)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      let emptyExport: TSESTree.ExportNamedDeclaration | undefined;
+      let foundOtherExport = false;
+
+      for (const statement of node.body) {
+        if (isEmptyExport(statement)) {
+          emptyExport = statement;
+
+          if (foundOtherExport) {
+            break;
+          }
+        } else if (exportOrImportNodeTypes.has(statement.type)) {
+          foundOtherExport = true;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (emptyExport && foundOtherExport) {
+        context.report({
+          fix: fixer => fixer.remove(emptyExport!),
+          messageId: 'uselessExport',
+          node: emptyExport,
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    return {
+      Program: checkNode,
+      TSModuleDeclaration: checkNode,
+    };
+  },
+});
diff --git a/packages/eslint-plugin/tests/rules/no-useless-empty-export.test.ts b/packages/eslint-plugin/tests/rules/no-useless-empty-export.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ea13395ec9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/eslint-plugin/tests/rules/no-useless-empty-export.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/* eslint-disable eslint-comments/no-use */
+// this rule tests the spacing, which prettier will want to fix and break the tests
+/* eslint "@typescript-eslint/internal/plugin-test-formatting": ["error", { formatWithPrettier: false }] */
+/* eslint-enable eslint-comments/no-use */
+import rule from '../../src/rules/no-useless-empty-export';
+import { RuleTester } from '../RuleTester';
+
+const ruleTester = new RuleTester({
+  parserOptions: {
+    ecmaVersion: 2020,
+    sourceType: 'module',
+  },
+  parser: '@typescript-eslint/parser',
+});
+
+const error = {
+  messageId: 'uselessExport',
+} as const;
+
+ruleTester.run('no-useless-empty-export', rule, {
+  valid: [
+    "declare module '_'",
+    "import {} from '_';",
+    "import * as _ from '_';",
+    'export = {};',
+    'export = 3;',
+    'export const _ = {};',
+    `
+      const _ = {};
+      export default _;
+    `,
+    `
+      export * from '_';
+      export = {};
+    `,
+    `
+      export {};
+    `,
+  ],
+  invalid: [
+    {
+      code: `
+export const _ = {};
+export {};
+      `,
+      errors: [error],
+      output: `
+export const _ = {};
+
+      `,
+    },
+    {
+      code: `
+export * from '_';
+export {};
+      `,
+      errors: [error],
+      output: `
+export * from '_';
+
+      `,
+    },
+    {
+      code: `
+export {};
+export * from '_';
+      `,
+      errors: [error],
+      output: `
+
+export * from '_';
+      `,
+    },
+    {
+      code: `
+const _ = {};
+export default _;
+export {};
+      `,
+      errors: [error],
+      output: `
+const _ = {};
+export default _;
+
+      `,
+    },
+    {
+      code: `
+export {};
+const _ = {};
+export default _;
+      `,
+      errors: [error],
+      output: `
+
+const _ = {};
+export default _;
+      `,
+    },
+    {
+      code: `
+const _ = {};
+export { _ };
+export {};
+      `,
+      errors: [error],
+      output: `
+const _ = {};
+export { _ };
+
+      `,
+    },
+    {
+      code: `
+import _ = require('_');
+export {};
+      `,
+      errors: [error],
+      output: `
+import _ = require('_');
+
+      `,
+    },
+  ],
+});