[NEXT-1336] Cannot run with custom https at localhost

[tienpd]

Verify canary release

• I verified that the issue exists in the latest Next.js canary release

Provide environment information

Operating System:
      Platform: darwin
      Arch: arm64
      Version: Darwin Kernel Version 23.0.0: Tue Jun 13 21:16:44 PDT 2023; root:xnu-10002.0.116.505.3~3/RELEASE_ARM64_T6000
    Binaries:
      Node: 18.16.0
      npm: 9.5.1
      Yarn: 1.22.19
      pnpm: 8.6.2
    Relevant packages:
      next: 13.4.7
      eslint-config-next: 13.4.7
      react: 18.2.0
      react-dom: 18.2.0
      typescript: 5.0.4

Which area(s) of Next.js are affected? (leave empty if unsure)

Middleware / Edge (API routes, runtime)

Link to the code that reproduces this issue or a replay of the bug

https://app.replay.io/recording/cannot-start-serverjs-at-localhost--df722455-73b5-4762-9a1a-aa18008a907c

To Reproduce

I have custom server to run https at local host as bellow, it's works well with pervious next version. But it's occurs on v13.4.7

const { createServer } = require('https')
const { parse } = require('url')
const next = require('next')
const fs = require('fs')
const port = 3001
const dev = process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production'
const app = next({ dev })
const handle = app.getRequestHandler()

const httpsOptions = {
  key: fs.readFileSync(process.cwd() + '/config/localhost-key.pem'),
  cert: fs.readFileSync(process.cwd() + '/config/localhost.pem')
}

app.prepare().then(() => {
  createServer(httpsOptions, async (req, res) => {
    const parsedUrl = parse(req.url, true)
    await handle(req, res, parsedUrl)
  }).listen(port, (err) => {
    if (err) throw err
    console.log('ready - started server on url: https://localhost:' + port)
  })
})

Describe the Bug

yarn run v1.22.19
$ cross-env APP_ENV=development node server.js
ready - started server on url: https://localhost:3001
- event compiled client and server successfully in 88 ms (20 modules)
- wait compiling...
- event compiled client and server successfully in 74 ms (20 modules)
Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:53504
    at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1494:16) {
  errno: -61,
  code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
  syscall: 'connect',
  address: '::1',
  port: 53504
}
Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:53504
    at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1494:16) {
  errno: -61,
  code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
  syscall: 'connect',
  address: '::1',
  port: 53504
}

Expected Behavior

Expect it will run without Error:

Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:53504
    at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1494:16) {
  errno: -61,
  code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
  syscall: 'connect',
  address: '::1',
  port: 53504
}

Which browser are you using? (if relevant)

No response

How are you deploying your application? (if relevant)

No response

_NEXT-1336

[karlhorky]

I'm also receiving an ECONNREFUSED (port 40515) after upgrading from next@13.4.6 to next@13.4.7 - I'm using a Custom Server with Express in front of it - the failures occur when testing with Cypress.

@ijjk Looking through the release notes for next@13.4.7, your PR below caught my eye - wonder if these ECONNREFUSED errors with the high 53504 / 40515 port numbers have anything to do with locking down the IPC address? (reviewer on that PR @huozhi , although no feedback before merge)

• PR: Lock down server IPC address #51378
• Original issue the PR should fix (also ECONNREFUSED): ECONNREFUSED when starting vanilla installation #49677

[kachkaev]

I have been unable to update from next@13.4.6 to next@13.4.7 to because of ECONNREFUSED. The app builds but the standalone Next.js instance returns Internal server error on every request. Node process output is full of messages like this one:

Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:36901
    at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1481:16) {
  errno: -111,
  code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
  syscall: 'connect',
  address: '::1',
  port: 36901
}

Interestingly, this error only manifests itself when I run node server.js (standalone). Running pnpm next start works, although with a warning:

- warn "next start" does not work with "output: standalone" configuration. Use "node .next/standalone/server.js" instead.

I have reverted the version for now, my current best guess is that the error is related to #51378.

[greifmatthias]

Got the same issue, stuck at next@13.4.6 for now, broken since 13.4.7

[greifmatthias]

Lol 4 minutes later, got it working by checking the code of #51378 .
Changed hostname from localhost to 127.0.0.1 and works like before.

[karlhorky]

Edit: It seems that this workaround is no longer needed for our apps as of next@13.5.4 🙌 - now we can remove hostname or set hostname: 'localhost' with no problems.

Workaround

I can confirm, switching our hostname from 'localhost' to '127.0.0.1' in our custom server worked for next@13.4.7 (at least for a temporary fix - not sure about the potential downsides of doing this):

const app = next({
-  hostname: 'localhost',
+  // Use '127.0.0.1' instead of 'localhost' to temporarily work around issues
+  // with ECONNREFUSED (connection refused) errors with high port numbers
+  // https://github.com/vercel/next.js/issues/51684#issuecomment-1609345705
+  //
+  // TODO: Revert to 'localhost' when the issue is resolved https://github.com/vercel/next.js/issues/51684
+  hostname: '127.0.0.1',

Thanks for the tip @greifmatthias 🙌

---

I guess this bug should probably stay open though, since it's still broken for anyone using hostname: 'localhost' 🤔

[moshie]

This is particularly annoying problem for output: 'standalone' because the server gets autogenerated and it passes the hostname as localhost by default.

You can overwrite it with HOSTNAME=127.0.0.1 npm run start although I wouldn't expect devs to have to define the HOSTNAME var everytime they want to test the built app.

Also the static and public folders should have an option to be symlinked in the config in my opinion.

[michaelangeloio]

Workaround

I can confirm, switching our hostname from 'localhost' to '127.0.0.1' in our custom server worked for next@13.4.7 (at least for a temporary fix - not sure about the potential downsides of doing this):

const app = next({
-  hostname: 'localhost',
+  // Use '127.0.0.1' instead of 'localhost' to temporarily work around issues
+  // with ECONNREFUSED (connection refused) errors with high port numbers
+  // https://github.com/vercel/next.js/issues/51684#issuecomment-1609345705
+  //
+  // TODO: Revert to 'localhost' when the issue is resolved https://github.com/vercel/next.js/issues/51684
+  hostname: '127.0.0.1',

Thanks for the tip @greifmatthias 🙌

I guess this bug should probably stay open though, since it's still broken for anyone using hostname: 'localhost' 🤔

I'm not confident this is the solution. What about when you deploy it? How will it bind to 0.0.0.0?

Trying to deploy with this configuration on fly.io, for instance, gives me

WARNING The app is not listening on the expected address and will not be reachable by fly-proxy.
You can fix this by configuring your app to listen on the following addresses:
  - 0.0.0.0:8080
Found these processes inside the machine with open listening sockets:
  PROCESS             | ADDRESSES
----------------------*--------------------------------------
  /.fly/hallpass      | [fdaa:2:73eb:a7b:dc:c6a2:17b4:2]:22
  node server/main.js | 0.0.0.0:3000

[karlhorky]

What about when you deploy it? How will it bind to 0.0.0.0?

I don't know what you mean with this, but I can confirm that deploying our app to production (it is a Custom Server with Express in front of it, deployed to Render) works for us.

Maybe not a solution for non-Custom Server deployments? Maybe some other people who added a thumbs-up to my post can respond about whether deploying to production worked for them? (and which hosting provider / configuration, if possible)

[michaelangeloio]

@karlhorky Yeah, I realize this was my issue: #52215 (comment)

Sorry for the confusion!

[couturecraigj]

So, I am not sure if this falls into the same category. I added a parameter to next dev of -H 192.168.X.X and I am getting similar issues to what is being described above. It looks like there is some code

const targetUrl = `http://${targetHost === "localhost" ? "127.0.0.1" : targetHost}:${routerPort}${req.url || "/"}`;

that when passed to

const parsedTargetUrl = new URL(targetUrl);
    parsedTargetUrl.hostname = "127.0.0.1";

would be causing the below issue

cause: Error: connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:56946
      at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1592:16) {
    errno: -61,
    code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
    syscall: 'connect',
    address: '127.0.0.1',
    port: 56946
  }

does anybody know how to host the site locally like the older nextjs servers?

[stackyism]

I know this might be completely unrelated but I was trying to do this on my own cloud and faced this issue with

next v13.4.0
ubuntu 22.04
node v18.16.1

I solved this by switching to

node v16.20.0

Just keeping this comment here in case it benefits someone.

[spookyuser]

For me it was using
import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/postgres-node instead of
import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/postgres-js" maybe this is a canon event

[EvHaus]

Documenting for those that run into it. In our case, we're building using standalone and running the Next.js app in a Docker container. After upgrading from Next 13.4 to 13.5 we were seeing the app failing to make next-auth requests with:

[next-auth][error][CLIENT_FETCH_ERROR]
https://next-auth.js.org/errors#client_fetch_error fetch failed {
  error: {
    message: 'fetch failed',
    stack: 'TypeError: fetch failed\n' +
      '    at Object.fetch (node:internal/deps/undici/undici:11372:11)\n' +
      '    at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:95:5)',
    name: 'TypeError'
  },
  url: 'http://127.0.0.1:3000/api/auth/session',
  message: 'fetch failed'
}

To fix this we changed our Dockerfile's CMD from:

CMD ["node", "packages/kraken-zhe-admin/server.js"]

to

ENV HOSTNAME=0.0.0.0
CMD ["node", "packages/kraken-zhe-admin/server.js"]

[metacop]

I have this same similar problem, with the following version: "14.0.2". I tried to downgrade the nodejs version to 16 but the next 14 does not allow it. any solution? Make a custom server? Where is the server.ts placed within src or the root? Is there any solution?

cause: Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:3000
      at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1495:16)
      at TCPConnectWrap.callbackTrampoline (node:internal/async_hooks:130:17) {
    errno: -4078,
    code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
    syscall: 'connect',
    address: '::1',
    port: 3000
  }

It works correctly when I work with "npm run dev". but to move it to production "npm run build" gives me problems.

I was looking through my code and the problem is this line of code.

async function loadTasks(){

  const tasks = await axios.get('http://localhost:3000/api/tasks'); --> this line
  return tasks.data;
}

when I place another enpoint api, which is external to the project. the build is correct. but placing localhost:3000 gives that problem, that means that during the compilation it makes the request to know if the endpoint is working. but how is it down or not working because I am using next using frontend and backend on the same localhost.

There is a way to execute "npm run build" ignoring the fetches or verification of endpoints or api???.

[YutaMoriJP]

Running into a similar issue with Nginx. We're using Nginx as a load balancer but ever since 13.4.13 ~ we're seeing the following error:

Failed to connect to localhost port 3000: Connection refused

We're using standalone mode.

Anyone know how to fix it?

[gmgurgen]

I have this same similar problem, with the following version: "14.0.2". I tried to downgrade the nodejs version to 16 but the next 14 does not allow it. any solution? Make a custom server? Where is the server.ts placed within src or the root? Is there any solution?

cause: Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:3000
      at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1495:16)
      at TCPConnectWrap.callbackTrampoline (node:internal/async_hooks:130:17) {
    errno: -4078,
    code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
    syscall: 'connect',
    address: '::1',
    port: 3000
  }

It works correctly when I work with "npm run dev". but to move it to production "npm run build" gives me problems.

I was looking through my code and the problem is this line of code.

async function loadTasks(){

  const tasks = await axios.get('http://localhost:3000/api/tasks'); --> this line
  return tasks.data;
}

when I place another enpoint api, which is external to the project. the build is correct. but placing localhost:3000 gives that problem, that means that during the compilation it makes the request to know if the endpoint is working. but how is it down or not working because I am using next using frontend and backend on the same localhost.

There is a way to execute "npm run build" ignoring the fetches or verification of endpoints or api???.

did you ever find a solution? I'm facing the same issue

[metacop]

I have this same similar problem, with the following version: "14.0.2". I tried to downgrade the nodejs version to 16 but the next 14 does not allow it. any solution? Make a custom server? Where is the server.ts placed within src or the root? Is there any solution?

cause: Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:3000
      at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1495:16)
      at TCPConnectWrap.callbackTrampoline (node:internal/async_hooks:130:17) {
    errno: -4078,
    code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
    syscall: 'connect',
    address: '::1',
    port: 3000
  }

It works correctly when I work with "npm run dev". but to move it to production "npm run build" gives me problems.
I was looking through my code and the problem is this line of code.

async function loadTasks(){

  const tasks = await axios.get('http://localhost:3000/api/tasks'); --> this line
  return tasks.data;
}

when I place another enpoint api, which is external to the project. the build is correct. but placing localhost:3000 gives that problem, that means that during the compilation it makes the request to know if the endpoint is working. but how is it down or not working because I am using next using frontend and backend on the same localhost.
There is a way to execute "npm run build" ignoring the fetches or verification of endpoints or api???.

did you ever find a solution? I'm facing the same issue

Yes and no. It is not a bug, simply next 14, it does not support this functionality. Maybe in the future it can do so, since currently next has static render, so it downloads the files but since the server with port 3000 is not up, it cannot download it. So this feature is not supported, it only works in development (npm run dev) maybe it can be done in the future.