AssignmentAnalyzer.php

<?php

namespace Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\Statements\Expression;

use PhpParser;
use PhpParser\Node\Expr\ArrayDimFetch;
use PhpParser\Node\Expr\PropertyFetch;
use Psalm\CodeLocation;
use Psalm\CodeLocation\DocblockTypeLocation;
use Psalm\Codebase;
use Psalm\Context;
use Psalm\Exception\DocblockParseException;
use Psalm\Exception\IncorrectDocblockException;
use Psalm\Internal\Algebra;
use Psalm\Internal\Algebra\FormulaGenerator;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\CommentAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\FunctionLikeAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\Statements\Block\ForeachAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\Statements\Expression\Assignment\ArrayAssignmentAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\Statements\Expression\Assignment\InstancePropertyAssignmentAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\Statements\Expression\Assignment\StaticPropertyAssignmentAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\Statements\Expression\Fetch\ArrayFetchAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\Statements\Expression\Fetch\VariableFetchAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\Statements\ExpressionAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\StatementsAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Analyzer\TraitAnalyzer;
use Psalm\Internal\Clause;
use Psalm\Internal\Codebase\DataFlowGraph;
use Psalm\Internal\Codebase\TaintFlowGraph;
use Psalm\Internal\Codebase\VariableUseGraph;
use Psalm\Internal\DataFlow\DataFlowNode;
use Psalm\Internal\FileManipulation\FileManipulationBuffer;
use Psalm\Internal\ReferenceConstraint;
use Psalm\Internal\Scanner\VarDocblockComment;
use Psalm\Internal\Type\Comparator\UnionTypeComparator;
use Psalm\Internal\Type\TypeExpander;
use Psalm\Issue\AssignmentToVoid;
use Psalm\Issue\ImpureByReferenceAssignment;
use Psalm\Issue\ImpurePropertyAssignment;
use Psalm\Issue\InvalidArrayAccess;
use Psalm\Issue\InvalidArrayOffset;
use Psalm\Issue\InvalidDocblock;
use Psalm\Issue\InvalidScope;
use Psalm\Issue\LoopInvalidation;
use Psalm\Issue\MissingDocblockType;
use Psalm\Issue\MixedArrayAccess;
use Psalm\Issue\MixedAssignment;
use Psalm\Issue\NoValue;
use Psalm\Issue\NullReference;
use Psalm\Issue\PossiblyInvalidArrayAccess;
use Psalm\Issue\PossiblyNullArrayAccess;
use Psalm\Issue\PossiblyUndefinedArrayOffset;
use Psalm\Issue\ReferenceConstraintViolation;
use Psalm\Issue\ReferenceReusedFromConfusingScope;
use Psalm\Issue\UnnecessaryVarAnnotation;
use Psalm\IssueBuffer;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualBitwiseAnd;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualBitwiseOr;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualBitwiseXor;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualCoalesce;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualConcat;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualDiv;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualMinus;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualMod;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualMul;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualPlus;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualPow;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualShiftLeft;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\BinaryOp\VirtualShiftRight;
use Psalm\Node\Expr\VirtualAssign;
use Psalm\Plugin\EventHandler\Event\AddRemoveTaintsEvent;
use Psalm\Storage\Assertion\Falsy;
use Psalm\Type;
use Psalm\Type\Atomic\TArray;
use Psalm\Type\Atomic\TFalse;
use Psalm\Type\Atomic\TKeyedArray;
use Psalm\Type\Atomic\TList;
use Psalm\Type\Atomic\TMixed;
use Psalm\Type\Atomic\TNamedObject;
use Psalm\Type\Atomic\TNonEmptyArray;
use Psalm\Type\Atomic\TNonEmptyList;
use Psalm\Type\Atomic\TNull;
use Psalm\Type\Union;
use UnexpectedValueException;

use function array_filter;
use function array_merge;
use function count;
use function in_array;
use function is_string;
use function reset;
use function spl_object_id;
use function strpos;
use function strtolower;

/**
 * @internal
 */
class AssignmentAnalyzer
{
    /**
     * @param  PhpParser\Node\Expr|null $assign_value  This has to be null to support list destructuring
     *
     * @return false|Union
     */
    public static function analyze(
        StatementsAnalyzer $statements_analyzer,
        PhpParser\Node\Expr $assign_var,
        ?PhpParser\Node\Expr $assign_value,
        ?Union $assign_value_type,
        Context $context,
        ?PhpParser\Comment\Doc $doc_comment,
        array $not_ignored_docblock_var_ids = [],
        ?PhpParser\Node\Expr $assign_expr = null
    ) {
        $var_id = ExpressionIdentifier::getVarId(
            $assign_var,
            $statements_analyzer->getFQCLN(),
            $statements_analyzer
        );

        // gets a variable id that *may* contain array keys
        $extended_var_id = ExpressionIdentifier::getExtendedVarId(
            $assign_var,
            $statements_analyzer->getFQCLN(),
            $statements_analyzer
        );

        $var_comments = [];
        $comment_type = null;
        $comment_type_location = null;

        $was_in_assignment = $context->inside_assignment;

        $context->inside_assignment = true;

        $codebase = $statements_analyzer->getCodebase();

        $base_assign_value = $assign_value;

        while ($base_assign_value instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Assign) {
            $base_assign_value = $base_assign_value->expr;
        }

        if ($base_assign_value !== $assign_value) {
            ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $base_assign_value, $context);

            $assign_value_type = $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($base_assign_value) ?? $assign_value_type;
        }

        $removed_taints = [];

        if ($doc_comment) {
            $file_path = $statements_analyzer->getRootFilePath();

            $file_storage_provider = $codebase->file_storage_provider;

            $file_storage = $file_storage_provider->get($file_path);

            $template_type_map = $statements_analyzer->getTemplateTypeMap();

            try {
                $var_comments = $codebase->config->disable_var_parsing
                    ? []
                    : CommentAnalyzer::getTypeFromComment(
                        $doc_comment,
                        $statements_analyzer->getSource(),
                        $statements_analyzer->getAliases(),
                        $template_type_map,
                        $file_storage->type_aliases
                    );
            } catch (IncorrectDocblockException $e) {
                IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                    new MissingDocblockType(
                        $e->getMessage(),
                        new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                    )
                );
            } catch (DocblockParseException $e) {
                IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                    new InvalidDocblock(
                        $e->getMessage(),
                        new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                    )
                );
            }

            foreach ($var_comments as $var_comment) {
                if ($var_comment->removed_taints) {
                    $removed_taints = $var_comment->removed_taints;
                }

                self::assignTypeFromVarDocblock(
                    $statements_analyzer,
                    $assign_var,
                    $var_comment,
                    $context,
                    $var_id,
                    $comment_type,
                    $comment_type_location,
                    $not_ignored_docblock_var_ids
                );

                if ($var_id === $var_comment->var_id && $assign_value_type && $comment_type) {
                    $comment_type->by_ref = $assign_value_type->by_ref;
                }
            }
        }

        if ($extended_var_id) {
            unset($context->cond_referenced_var_ids[$extended_var_id]);
            $context->assigned_var_ids[$extended_var_id] = (int) $assign_var->getAttribute('startFilePos');
            $context->possibly_assigned_var_ids[$extended_var_id] = true;
        }

        if ($assign_value) {
            if ($var_id && $assign_value instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Closure) {
                foreach ($assign_value->uses as $closure_use) {
                    if ($closure_use->byRef
                        && is_string($closure_use->var->name)
                        && $var_id === '$' . $closure_use->var->name
                    ) {
                        $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id] = Type::getClosure();
                        $context->vars_possibly_in_scope[$var_id] = true;
                    }
                }
            }

            $was_inside_general_use = $context->inside_general_use;

            $root_expr = $assign_var;

            while ($root_expr instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\ArrayDimFetch) {
                $root_expr = $root_expr->var;
            }

            // if we don't know where this data is going, treat as a dead-end usage
            if (!$root_expr instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Variable
                || (is_string($root_expr->name)
                    && in_array('$' . $root_expr->name, VariableFetchAnalyzer::SUPER_GLOBALS, true))
            ) {
                $context->inside_general_use = true;
            }

            if (ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $assign_value, $context) === false) {
                $context->inside_general_use = $was_inside_general_use;

                if ($var_id) {
                    if ($extended_var_id && isset($context->vars_in_scope[$extended_var_id])) {
                        $context->removeDescendents(
                            $extended_var_id,
                            $context->vars_in_scope[$extended_var_id],
                            $assign_value_type
                        );
                    }

                    // if we're not exiting immediately, make everything mixed
                    $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id] = $comment_type ?? Type::getMixed();
                }

                return false;
            }

            $context->inside_general_use = $was_inside_general_use;
        }

        if ($comment_type && $comment_type_location) {
            $temp_assign_value_type = $assign_value_type
                ?? ($assign_value ? $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($assign_value) : null);

            if ($codebase->find_unused_variables
                && $temp_assign_value_type
                && $extended_var_id
                && (!$not_ignored_docblock_var_ids || isset($not_ignored_docblock_var_ids[$extended_var_id]))
                && $temp_assign_value_type->getId() === $comment_type->getId()
                && !$comment_type->isMixed()
            ) {
                if ($codebase->alter_code
                    && isset($statements_analyzer->getProjectAnalyzer()->getIssuesToFix()['UnnecessaryVarAnnotation'])
                ) {
                    FileManipulationBuffer::addVarAnnotationToRemove($comment_type_location);
                } elseif (IssueBuffer::accepts(
                    new UnnecessaryVarAnnotation(
                        'The @var ' . $comment_type . ' annotation for '
                            . $extended_var_id . ' is unnecessary',
                        $comment_type_location
                    ),
                    $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues(),
                    true
                )) {
                    // fall through
                }
            }

            $parent_nodes = $temp_assign_value_type->parent_nodes ?? [];

            $assign_value_type = $comment_type;
            $assign_value_type->parent_nodes = $parent_nodes;
        } elseif (!$assign_value_type) {
            if ($assign_value) {
                $assign_value_type = $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($assign_value);
            }

            if ($assign_value_type) {
                $assign_value_type = clone $assign_value_type;
                $assign_value_type->from_property = false;
                $assign_value_type->from_static_property = false;
                $assign_value_type->ignore_isset = false;
            } else {
                $assign_value_type = Type::getMixed();
            }
        }

        if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph instanceof VariableUseGraph
            && !$assign_value_type->parent_nodes
        ) {
            if ($extended_var_id) {
                $assignment_node = DataFlowNode::getForAssignment(
                    $extended_var_id,
                    new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                );
            } else {
                $assignment_node = new DataFlowNode('unknown-origin', 'unknown origin', null);
            }

            $assign_value_type->parent_nodes = [
                $assignment_node->id => $assignment_node
            ];

            if ($context->inside_try) {
                // Copy previous assignment's parent nodes inside a try. Since an exception could be thrown at any
                // point this is a workaround to ensure that use of a variable also uses all previous assignments.
                if (isset($context->vars_in_scope[$extended_var_id])) {
                    $assign_value_type->parent_nodes += $context->vars_in_scope[$extended_var_id]->parent_nodes;
                }
            }
        }

        if ($extended_var_id && isset($context->vars_in_scope[$extended_var_id])) {
            if ($context->vars_in_scope[$extended_var_id]->by_ref) {
                if ($context->mutation_free) {
                    IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                        new ImpureByReferenceAssignment(
                            'Variable ' . $extended_var_id . ' cannot be assigned to as it is passed by reference',
                            new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                        )
                    );
                } elseif ($statements_analyzer->getSource() instanceof FunctionLikeAnalyzer
                    && $statements_analyzer->getSource()->track_mutations
                ) {
                    $statements_analyzer->getSource()->inferred_impure = true;
                    $statements_analyzer->getSource()->inferred_has_mutation = true;
                }

                $assign_value_type->by_ref = true;
            }

            // removes dependent vars from $context
            $context->removeDescendents(
                $extended_var_id,
                $context->vars_in_scope[$extended_var_id],
                $assign_value_type,
                $statements_analyzer
            );
        } else {
            $root_var_id = ExpressionIdentifier::getRootVarId(
                $assign_var,
                $statements_analyzer->getFQCLN(),
                $statements_analyzer
            );

            if ($root_var_id && isset($context->vars_in_scope[$root_var_id])) {
                $context->removeVarFromConflictingClauses(
                    $root_var_id,
                    $context->vars_in_scope[$root_var_id],
                    $statements_analyzer
                );
            }
        }

        $codebase = $statements_analyzer->getCodebase();

        if ($assign_value_type->hasMixed()) {
            $root_var_id = ExpressionIdentifier::getRootVarId(
                $assign_var,
                $statements_analyzer->getFQCLN(),
                $statements_analyzer
            );

            if (!$context->collect_initializations
                && !$context->collect_mutations
                && $statements_analyzer->getFilePath() === $statements_analyzer->getRootFilePath()
                && (!(($parent_source = $statements_analyzer->getSource())
                            instanceof FunctionLikeAnalyzer)
                        || !$parent_source->getSource() instanceof TraitAnalyzer)
            ) {
                $codebase->analyzer->incrementMixedCount($statements_analyzer->getFilePath());
            }

            if (!$assign_var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\PropertyFetch
                && !strpos($root_var_id ?? '', '->')
                && !$comment_type
                && strpos($var_id ?? '', '$_') !== 0
            ) {
                $origin_locations = [];

                if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph instanceof VariableUseGraph) {
                    foreach ($assign_value_type->parent_nodes as $parent_node) {
                        $origin_locations = array_merge(
                            $origin_locations,
                            $statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph->getOriginLocations($parent_node)
                        );
                    }
                }

                $origin_location = count($origin_locations) === 1 ? reset($origin_locations) : null;

                $message = $var_id
                    ? 'Unable to determine the type that ' . $var_id . ' is being assigned to'
                    : 'Unable to determine the type of this assignment';

                $issue_location = new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var);

                if ($origin_location && $origin_location->getHash() === $issue_location->getHash()) {
                    $origin_location = null;
                }

                IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                    new MixedAssignment(
                        $message,
                        $issue_location,
                        $origin_location
                    ),
                    $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                );
            }
        } else {
            if (!$context->collect_initializations
                && !$context->collect_mutations
                && $statements_analyzer->getFilePath() === $statements_analyzer->getRootFilePath()
                && (!(($parent_source = $statements_analyzer->getSource())
                        instanceof FunctionLikeAnalyzer)
                    || !$parent_source->getSource() instanceof TraitAnalyzer)
            ) {
                $codebase->analyzer->incrementNonMixedCount($statements_analyzer->getFilePath());
            }

            if ($var_id
                && isset($context->byref_constraints[$var_id])
                && ($outer_constraint_type = $context->byref_constraints[$var_id]->type)
            ) {
                if (!UnionTypeComparator::isContainedBy(
                    $codebase,
                    $assign_value_type,
                    $outer_constraint_type,
                    $assign_value_type->ignore_nullable_issues,
                    $assign_value_type->ignore_falsable_issues
                )
                ) {
                    IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                        new ReferenceConstraintViolation(
                            'Variable ' . $var_id . ' is limited to values of type '
                                . $context->byref_constraints[$var_id]->type
                                . ' because it is passed by reference, '
                                . $assign_value_type->getId() . ' type found',
                            new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                        ),
                        $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                    );
                }
            }
        }

        if ($var_id === '$this' && IssueBuffer::accepts(
            new InvalidScope(
                'Cannot re-assign ' . $var_id,
                new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
            ),
            $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
        )) {
            return false;
        }

        if (isset($context->protected_var_ids[$var_id])
            && $assign_value_type->hasLiteralInt()
        ) {
            IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                new LoopInvalidation(
                    'Variable ' . $var_id . ' has already been assigned in a for/foreach loop',
                    new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                ),
                $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
            );
        }

        if ($assign_var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Variable) {
            self::analyzeAssignmentToVariable(
                $statements_analyzer,
                $codebase,
                $assign_var,
                $assign_value,
                $assign_value_type,
                $var_id,
                $context
            );
        } elseif ($assign_var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\List_
            || $assign_var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Array_
        ) {
            self::analyzeDestructuringAssignment(
                $statements_analyzer,
                $codebase,
                $assign_var,
                $assign_value,
                $assign_value_type,
                $context,
                $doc_comment,
                $extended_var_id,
                $var_comments,
                $removed_taints
            );
        } elseif ($assign_var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\ArrayDimFetch) {
            ArrayAssignmentAnalyzer::analyze(
                $statements_analyzer,
                $assign_var,
                $context,
                $assign_value,
                $assign_value_type
            );
        } elseif ($assign_var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\PropertyFetch) {
            self::analyzePropertyAssignment(
                $statements_analyzer,
                $codebase,
                $assign_var,
                $context,
                $assign_value,
                $assign_value_type,
                $var_id
            );
        } elseif ($assign_var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\StaticPropertyFetch &&
            $assign_var->class instanceof PhpParser\Node\Name
        ) {
            if (ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $assign_var, $context) === false) {
                return false;
            }

            if ($context->check_classes) {
                if (StaticPropertyAssignmentAnalyzer::analyze(
                    $statements_analyzer,
                    $assign_var,
                    $assign_value,
                    $assign_value_type,
                    $context
                ) === false) {
                    return false;
                }
            }

            if ($var_id) {
                $context->vars_possibly_in_scope[$var_id] = true;
            }
        }

        if ($var_id && isset($context->vars_in_scope[$var_id])) {
            if ($context->vars_in_scope[$var_id]->isVoid()) {
                IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                    new AssignmentToVoid(
                        'Cannot assign ' . $var_id . ' to type void',
                        new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                    ),
                    $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                );

                $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id] = Type::getNull();

                $context->inside_assignment = $was_in_assignment;

                return $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id];
            }

            if ($context->vars_in_scope[$var_id]->isNever()) {
                if (IssueBuffer::accepts(
                    new NoValue(
                        'This function or method call never returns output',
                        new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                    ),
                    $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                )) {
                    return false;
                }

                $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id] = Type::getNever();

                $context->inside_assignment = $was_in_assignment;

                return $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id];
            }

            if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph) {
                $data_flow_graph = $statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph;

                if ($context->vars_in_scope[$var_id]->parent_nodes) {
                    $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id] = clone $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id];

                    if ($data_flow_graph instanceof TaintFlowGraph
                        && in_array('TaintedInput', $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues())
                    ) {
                        $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id]->parent_nodes = [];
                    } else {
                        $var_location = new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var);

                        $event = new AddRemoveTaintsEvent($assign_var, $context, $statements_analyzer, $codebase);

                        $added_taints = $codebase->config->eventDispatcher->dispatchAddTaints($event);
                        $removed_taints = array_merge(
                            $removed_taints,
                            $codebase->config->eventDispatcher->dispatchRemoveTaints($event)
                        );

                        self::taintAssignment(
                            $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id],
                            $data_flow_graph,
                            $var_id,
                            $var_location,
                            $removed_taints,
                            $added_taints
                        );
                    }

                    if ($assign_expr) {
                        $new_parent_node = DataFlowNode::getForAssignment(
                            'assignment_expr',
                            new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_expr)
                        );

                        $data_flow_graph->addNode($new_parent_node);

                        foreach ($context->vars_in_scope[$var_id]->parent_nodes as $old_parent_node) {
                            $data_flow_graph->addPath(
                                $old_parent_node,
                                $new_parent_node,
                                '=',
                            );
                        }

                        $assign_value_type = clone $assign_value_type;
                        $assign_value_type->parent_nodes = [$new_parent_node->id => $new_parent_node];
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        $context->inside_assignment = $was_in_assignment;

        return $assign_value_type;
    }

    public static function assignTypeFromVarDocblock(
        StatementsAnalyzer $statements_analyzer,
        PhpParser\Node $stmt,
        VarDocblockComment $var_comment,
        Context $context,
        ?string $var_id = null,
        ?Union &$comment_type = null,
        ?DocblockTypeLocation &$comment_type_location = null,
        array $not_ignored_docblock_var_ids = []
    ): void {
        if (!$var_comment->type) {
            return;
        }

        $codebase = $statements_analyzer->getCodebase();

        try {
            $var_comment_type = TypeExpander::expandUnion(
                $codebase,
                $var_comment->type,
                $context->self,
                $context->self,
                $statements_analyzer->getParentFQCLN()
            );

            $var_comment_type->setFromDocblock();

            $var_comment_type->check(
                $statements_analyzer,
                new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $stmt),
                $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues(),
                [],
                false,
                false,
                false,
                $context->calling_method_id
            );

            $type_location = null;

            if ($var_comment->type_start
                && $var_comment->type_end
                && $var_comment->line_number
            ) {
                $type_location = new DocblockTypeLocation(
                    $statements_analyzer,
                    $var_comment->type_start,
                    $var_comment->type_end,
                    $var_comment->line_number
                );

                if ($codebase->alter_code) {
                    $codebase->classlikes->handleDocblockTypeInMigration(
                        $codebase,
                        $statements_analyzer,
                        $var_comment_type,
                        $type_location,
                        $context->calling_method_id
                    );
                }
            }

            if (!$var_comment->var_id || $var_comment->var_id === $var_id) {
                $comment_type = $var_comment_type;
                $comment_type_location = $type_location;
                return;
            }

            $project_analyzer = $statements_analyzer->getProjectAnalyzer();

            if ($codebase->find_unused_variables
                && $type_location
                && (!$not_ignored_docblock_var_ids || isset($not_ignored_docblock_var_ids[$var_comment->var_id]))
                && isset($context->vars_in_scope[$var_comment->var_id])
                && $context->vars_in_scope[$var_comment->var_id]->getId() === $var_comment_type->getId()
                && !$var_comment_type->isMixed()
            ) {
                if ($codebase->alter_code
                    && isset($project_analyzer->getIssuesToFix()['UnnecessaryVarAnnotation'])
                ) {
                    FileManipulationBuffer::addVarAnnotationToRemove($type_location);
                } elseif (IssueBuffer::accepts(
                    new UnnecessaryVarAnnotation(
                        'The @var ' . $var_comment_type . ' annotation for '
                            . $var_comment->var_id . ' is unnecessary',
                        $type_location
                    ),
                    $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues(),
                    true
                )) {
                    // fall through
                }
            }

            $parent_nodes = $context->vars_in_scope[$var_comment->var_id]->parent_nodes ?? [];
            $var_comment_type->parent_nodes = $parent_nodes;

            $context->vars_in_scope[$var_comment->var_id] = $var_comment_type;
        } catch (UnexpectedValueException $e) {
            IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                new InvalidDocblock(
                    $e->getMessage(),
                    new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $stmt)
                )
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param  array<string> $removed_taints
     * @param  array<string> $added_taints
     */
    private static function taintAssignment(
        Union $type,
        DataFlowGraph $data_flow_graph,
        string $var_id,
        CodeLocation $var_location,
        array $removed_taints,
        array $added_taints
    ): void {
        $parent_nodes = $type->parent_nodes;

        $unspecialized_parent_nodes = array_filter(
            $parent_nodes,
            static fn($parent_node): bool => !$parent_node->specialization_key
        );

        $specialized_parent_nodes = array_filter(
            $parent_nodes,
            static fn($parent_node): bool => (bool) $parent_node->specialization_key
        );

        $new_parent_nodes = [];

        foreach ($specialized_parent_nodes as $parent_node) {
            $new_parent_node = DataFlowNode::getForAssignment($var_id, $var_location);
            $new_parent_node->specialization_key = $parent_node->specialization_key;

            $data_flow_graph->addNode($new_parent_node);
            $new_parent_nodes += [$new_parent_node->id => $new_parent_node];
            $data_flow_graph->addPath(
                $parent_node,
                $new_parent_node,
                '=',
                $added_taints,
                $removed_taints
            );
        }

        if ($unspecialized_parent_nodes) {
            $new_parent_node = DataFlowNode::getForAssignment($var_id, $var_location);
            $data_flow_graph->addNode($new_parent_node);
            $new_parent_nodes += [$new_parent_node->id => $new_parent_node];

            foreach ($unspecialized_parent_nodes as $parent_node) {
                $data_flow_graph->addPath(
                    $parent_node,
                    $new_parent_node,
                    '=',
                    $added_taints,
                    $removed_taints
                );
            }
        }

        $type->parent_nodes = $new_parent_nodes;
    }

    public static function analyzeAssignmentOperation(
        StatementsAnalyzer $statements_analyzer,
        PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp $stmt,
        Context $context
    ): bool {
        if ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\BitwiseAnd) {
            $operation = new VirtualBitwiseAnd($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\BitwiseOr) {
            $operation = new VirtualBitwiseOr($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\BitwiseXor) {
            $operation = new VirtualBitwiseXor($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\Coalesce) {
            $operation = new VirtualCoalesce($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\Concat) {
            $operation = new VirtualConcat($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\Div) {
            $operation = new VirtualDiv($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\Minus) {
            $operation = new VirtualMinus($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\Mod) {
            $operation = new VirtualMod($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\Mul) {
            $operation = new VirtualMul($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\Plus) {
            $operation = new VirtualPlus($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\Pow) {
            $operation = new VirtualPow($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\ShiftLeft) {
            $operation = new VirtualShiftLeft($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } elseif ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignOp\ShiftRight) {
            $operation = new VirtualShiftRight($stmt->var, $stmt->expr, $stmt->getAttributes());
        } else {
            throw new UnexpectedValueException('Unknown assign op');
        }

        $fake_assignment = new VirtualAssign(
            $stmt->var,
            $operation,
            $stmt->getAttributes()
        );

        $old_node_data = $statements_analyzer->node_data;

        $statements_analyzer->node_data = clone $statements_analyzer->node_data;

        if (ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $fake_assignment, $context) === false) {
            return false;
        }

        $old_node_data->setType(
            $stmt,
            $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($operation) ?? Type::getMixed()
        );

        $statements_analyzer->node_data = $old_node_data;

        return true;
    }

    public static function analyzeAssignmentRef(
        StatementsAnalyzer $statements_analyzer,
        PhpParser\Node\Expr\AssignRef $stmt,
        Context $context
    ): bool {
        ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $stmt->expr, $context, false, null, false, null, true);

        $lhs_var_id = ExpressionIdentifier::getExtendedVarId(
            $stmt->var,
            $statements_analyzer->getFQCLN(),
            $statements_analyzer
        );

        $rhs_var_id = ExpressionIdentifier::getExtendedVarId(
            $stmt->expr,
            $statements_analyzer->getFQCLN(),
            $statements_analyzer
        );

        $doc_comment = $stmt->getDocComment();
        if ($doc_comment) {
            try {
                $var_comments = CommentAnalyzer::getTypeFromComment(
                    $doc_comment,
                    $statements_analyzer->getSource(),
                    $statements_analyzer->getAliases(),
                );
            } catch (IncorrectDocblockException $e) {
                IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                    new MissingDocblockType(
                        $e->getMessage(),
                        new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $stmt)
                    )
                );
            } catch (DocblockParseException $e) {
                IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                    new InvalidDocblock(
                        $e->getMessage(),
                        new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $stmt)
                    )
                );
            }
            if (!empty($var_comments) && $var_comments[0]->type !== null && $var_comments[0]->var_id === null) {
                IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                    new InvalidDocblock(
                        "Docblock type cannot be used for reference assignment",
                        new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $stmt)
                    )
                );
            }
        }

        if ($lhs_var_id === null || $rhs_var_id === null) {
            return false;
        }

        if (!isset($context->vars_in_scope[$rhs_var_id])) {
            // Sometimes the $rhs_var_id isn't set in $vars_in_scope, for example if it's an unknown array offset.
            $context->vars_in_scope[$rhs_var_id] = $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($stmt->expr)
                ?? Type::getMixed();
        }

        if (isset($context->references_in_scope[$lhs_var_id])) {
            // Decrement old referenced variable's reference count
            $context->decrementReferenceCount($lhs_var_id);

            // Remove old reference parent node so previously referenced variable usage doesn't count as reference usage
            $old_type = $context->vars_in_scope[$lhs_var_id];
            foreach ($old_type->parent_nodes as $old_parent_node_id => $_) {
                if (strpos($old_parent_node_id, "$lhs_var_id-") === 0) {
                    unset($old_type->parent_nodes[$old_parent_node_id]);
                }
            }
        }
        // When assigning an existing reference as a reference it removes the
        // old reference, so it's no longer potentially from a confusing scope.
        unset($context->references_possibly_from_confusing_scope[$lhs_var_id]);

        $context->vars_in_scope[$lhs_var_id] = &$context->vars_in_scope[$rhs_var_id];
        $context->hasVariable($lhs_var_id);
        $context->references_in_scope[$lhs_var_id] = $rhs_var_id;
        $context->referenced_counts[$rhs_var_id] = ($context->referenced_counts[$rhs_var_id] ?? 0) + 1;
        if (strpos($rhs_var_id, '[') !== false) {
            // Reference to array item, we always consider array items to be an external scope for references
            // TODO handle differently so it's detected as unused if the array is unused?
            $context->references_to_external_scope[$lhs_var_id] = true;
        }
        if (strpos($rhs_var_id, '->') !== false) {
            // Reference to object property, we always consider object properties to be an external scope for references
            // TODO handle differently so it's detected as unused if the object is unused?
            $context->references_to_external_scope[$lhs_var_id] = true;
        }

        $lhs_location = new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $stmt->var);
        if (!$stmt->var instanceof ArrayDimFetch && !$stmt->var instanceof PropertyFetch) {
            // If left-hand-side is an array offset or object property, usage is too difficult to track,
            // so it's not registered as an unused variable (this mirrors behavior for non-references).
            $statements_analyzer->registerVariableAssignment(
                $lhs_var_id,
                $lhs_location
            );
        }

        $lhs_node = DataFlowNode::getForAssignment($lhs_var_id, $lhs_location);

        $context->vars_in_scope[$lhs_var_id]->parent_nodes[$lhs_node->id] = $lhs_node;

        if ($stmt->var instanceof ArrayDimFetch && $stmt->var->dim !== null) {
            // Analyze offset so that variables in the offset get marked as used
            $was_inside_general_use = $context->inside_general_use;
            $context->inside_general_use = true;
            ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $stmt->var->dim, $context);
            $context->inside_general_use = $was_inside_general_use;
        }

        return true;
    }

    public static function assignByRefParam(
        StatementsAnalyzer $statements_analyzer,
        PhpParser\Node\Expr $stmt,
        Union $by_ref_type,
        Union $by_ref_out_type,
        Context $context,
        bool $constrain_type = true,
        bool $prevent_null = false
    ): void {
        if ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\PropertyFetch && $stmt->name instanceof PhpParser\Node\Identifier) {
            $prop_name = $stmt->name->name;

            InstancePropertyAssignmentAnalyzer::analyze(
                $statements_analyzer,
                $stmt,
                $prop_name,
                null,
                $by_ref_out_type,
                $context
            );

            return;
        }

        $var_id = ExpressionIdentifier::getVarId(
            $stmt,
            $statements_analyzer->getFQCLN(),
            $statements_analyzer
        );

        if ($var_id) {
            $var_not_in_scope = false;

            if (!$by_ref_type->hasMixed() && $constrain_type) {
                $context->byref_constraints[$var_id] = new ReferenceConstraint($by_ref_type);
            }

            if (!$context->hasVariable($var_id)) {
                $context->vars_possibly_in_scope[$var_id] = true;

                $location = new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $stmt);

                if (!$statements_analyzer->hasVariable($var_id)) {
                    if ($constrain_type
                        && $prevent_null
                        && !$by_ref_type->isMixed()
                        && !$by_ref_type->isNullable()
                        && !strpos($var_id, '->')
                        && !strpos($var_id, '::')
                    ) {
                        IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                            new NullReference(
                                'Not expecting null argument passed by reference',
                                $location
                            ),
                            $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                        );
                    }

                    if ($stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Variable) {
                        $statements_analyzer->registerVariable(
                            $var_id,
                            $location,
                            $context->branch_point
                        );

                        if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph instanceof VariableUseGraph) {
                            $byref_node = DataFlowNode::getForAssignment($var_id, $location);

                            $statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph->addPath(
                                $byref_node,
                                new DataFlowNode('variable-use', 'variable use', null),
                                'variable-use'
                            );
                        }
                    }

                    $context->hasVariable($var_id);
                } else {
                    $var_not_in_scope = true;
                }
            } elseif ($var_id === '$this') {
                // don't allow changing $this
                return;
            } else {
                $existing_type = $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id];

                // removes dependent vars from $context
                $context->removeDescendents(
                    $var_id,
                    $existing_type,
                    $by_ref_type,
                    $statements_analyzer
                );

                $by_ref_out_type = clone $by_ref_out_type;

                if ($existing_type->parent_nodes) {
                    $by_ref_out_type->parent_nodes += $existing_type->parent_nodes;
                }

                if (!$context->inside_conditional) {
                    $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id] = $by_ref_out_type;

                    if (!($stmt_type = $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($stmt))
                        || $stmt_type->isNever()
                    ) {
                        $statements_analyzer->node_data->setType($stmt, clone $by_ref_type);
                    }

                    return;
                }
            }

            $context->assigned_var_ids[$var_id] = (int) $stmt->getAttribute('startFilePos');

            $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id] = $by_ref_out_type;

            $stmt_type = $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($stmt);

            if (!$stmt_type || $stmt_type->isNever()) {
                $statements_analyzer->node_data->setType($stmt, clone $by_ref_type);
            }

            if ($var_not_in_scope && $stmt instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Variable) {
                $statements_analyzer->registerPossiblyUndefinedVariable($var_id, $stmt);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param PhpParser\Node\Expr\List_|PhpParser\Node\Expr\Array_ $assign_var
     * @param list<VarDocblockComment> $var_comments
     * @param list<string> $removed_taints
     */
    private static function analyzeDestructuringAssignment(
        StatementsAnalyzer $statements_analyzer,
        Codebase $codebase,
        PhpParser\Node\Expr $assign_var,
        ?PhpParser\Node\Expr $assign_value,
        Union $assign_value_type,
        Context $context,
        ?PhpParser\Comment\Doc $doc_comment,
        ?string $extended_var_id,
        array $var_comments,
        array $removed_taints
    ): void {
        if (!$assign_value_type->hasArray()
            && !$assign_value_type->isMixed()
            && !$assign_value_type->hasArrayAccessInterface($codebase)
        ) {
            IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                new InvalidArrayOffset(
                    'Cannot destructure non-array of type ' . $assign_value_type->getId(),
                    new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                ),
                $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
            );
        }

        $can_be_empty = true;

        foreach ($assign_var->items as $offset => $assign_var_item) {
            // $assign_var_item can be null e.g. list($a, ) = ['a', 'b']
            if (!$assign_var_item) {
                continue;
            }

            $var = $assign_var_item->value;

            if ($assign_value instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Array_
                && $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($assign_var_item->value)
            ) {
                self::analyze(
                    $statements_analyzer,
                    $var,
                    $assign_var_item->value,
                    null,
                    $context,
                    $doc_comment
                );

                continue;
            }

            $offset_value = null;

            if (!$assign_var_item->key) {
                $offset_value = $offset;
            } elseif ($assign_var_item->key instanceof PhpParser\Node\Scalar\String_) {
                $offset_value = $assign_var_item->key->value;
            }

            $list_var_id = ExpressionIdentifier::getExtendedVarId(
                $var,
                $statements_analyzer->getFQCLN(),
                $statements_analyzer
            );

            $new_assign_type = null;
            $assigned = false;
            $has_null = false;

            foreach ($assign_value_type->getAtomicTypes() as $assign_value_atomic_type) {
                if ($assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TKeyedArray
                    && !$assign_var_item->key
                ) {
                    // if object-like has int offsets
                    if ($offset_value !== null
                        && isset($assign_value_atomic_type->properties[$offset_value])
                    ) {
                        $value_type = $assign_value_atomic_type->properties[$offset_value];

                        if ($value_type->possibly_undefined) {
                            IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                                new PossiblyUndefinedArrayOffset(
                                    'Possibly undefined array key',
                                    new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $var)
                                ),
                                $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                            );

                            $value_type = clone $value_type;
                            $value_type->possibly_undefined = false;
                        }

                        if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph
                            && $assign_value
                        ) {
                            $assign_value_id = ExpressionIdentifier::getExtendedVarId(
                                $assign_value,
                                $statements_analyzer->getFQCLN(),
                                $statements_analyzer
                            );

                            $keyed_array_var_id = null;

                            if ($assign_value_id) {
                                $keyed_array_var_id = $assign_value_id . '[\'' . $offset_value . '\']';
                            }

                            ArrayFetchAnalyzer::taintArrayFetch(
                                $statements_analyzer,
                                $assign_value,
                                $keyed_array_var_id,
                                $value_type,
                                Type::getString((string)$offset_value)
                            );
                        }

                        self::analyze(
                            $statements_analyzer,
                            $var,
                            null,
                            $value_type,
                            $context,
                            $doc_comment
                        );

                        $assigned = true;

                        continue;
                    }

                    if ($assign_value_atomic_type->sealed) {
                        IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                            new InvalidArrayOffset(
                                'Cannot access value with offset ' . $offset,
                                new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $var)
                            ),
                            $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                        );
                    }
                }

                if ($assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TMixed) {
                    IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                        new MixedArrayAccess(
                            'Cannot access array value on mixed variable ' . $extended_var_id,
                            new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $var)
                        ),
                        $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                    );
                } elseif ($assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TNull) {
                    $has_null = true;
                } elseif (!$assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TArray
                    && !$assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TKeyedArray
                    && !$assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TList
                    && !$assign_value_type->hasArrayAccessInterface($codebase)
                ) {
                    if ($assign_value_type->hasArray()) {
                        if ($assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TFalse && $assign_value_type->ignore_falsable_issues) {
                            // do nothing
                        } elseif (IssueBuffer::accepts(
                            new PossiblyInvalidArrayAccess(
                                'Cannot access array value on non-array variable '
                                . $extended_var_id . ' of type ' . $assign_value_atomic_type->getId(),
                                new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $var)
                            ),
                            $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                        )
                        ) {
                            // do nothing
                        }
                    } else {
                        if (IssueBuffer::accepts(
                            new InvalidArrayAccess(
                                'Cannot access array value on non-array variable '
                                . $extended_var_id . ' of type ' . $assign_value_atomic_type->getId(),
                                new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $var)
                            ),
                            $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                        )
                        ) {
                            // do nothing
                        }
                    }
                }

                if ($var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\List_
                    || $var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Array_
                ) {
                    if ($assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TKeyedArray) {
                        $assign_value_atomic_type = $assign_value_atomic_type->getGenericArrayType();
                    }

                    if ($assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TList) {
                        $assign_value_atomic_type = new TArray([
                            Type::getInt(),
                            $assign_value_atomic_type->type_param
                        ]);
                    }

                    $array_value_type = $assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TArray
                        ? clone $assign_value_atomic_type->type_params[1]
                        : Type::getMixed();

                    self::analyze(
                        $statements_analyzer,
                        $var,
                        null,
                        $array_value_type,
                        $context,
                        $doc_comment
                    );

                    continue;
                }

                if ($list_var_id) {
                    $context->vars_possibly_in_scope[$list_var_id] = true;
                    $context->assigned_var_ids[$list_var_id] = (int)$var->getAttribute('startFilePos');
                    $context->possibly_assigned_var_ids[$list_var_id] = true;

                    $already_in_scope = isset($context->vars_in_scope[$list_var_id]);

                    if (strpos($list_var_id, '-') === false && strpos($list_var_id, '[') === false) {
                        $location = new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer, $var);

                        if (!$statements_analyzer->hasVariable($list_var_id)) {
                            $statements_analyzer->registerVariable(
                                $list_var_id,
                                $location,
                                $context->branch_point
                            );
                        } else {
                            $statements_analyzer->registerVariableAssignment(
                                $list_var_id,
                                $location
                            );
                        }

                        if (isset($context->byref_constraints[$list_var_id])) {
                            // something
                        }
                    }

                    if ($assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TArray) {
                        $new_assign_type = clone $assign_value_atomic_type->type_params[1];

                        if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph
                            && $assign_value
                        ) {
                            ArrayFetchAnalyzer::taintArrayFetch(
                                $statements_analyzer,
                                $assign_value,
                                null,
                                $new_assign_type,
                                Type::getArrayKey()
                            );
                        }

                        $can_be_empty = !$assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TNonEmptyArray;
                    } elseif ($assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TList) {
                        $new_assign_type = clone $assign_value_atomic_type->type_param;

                        if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph && $assign_value) {
                            ArrayFetchAnalyzer::taintArrayFetch(
                                $statements_analyzer,
                                $assign_value,
                                null,
                                $new_assign_type,
                                Type::getArrayKey()
                            );
                        }

                        $can_be_empty = !$assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TNonEmptyList;
                    } elseif ($assign_value_atomic_type instanceof TKeyedArray) {
                        if (($assign_var_item->key instanceof PhpParser\Node\Scalar\String_
                            || $assign_var_item->key instanceof PhpParser\Node\Scalar\LNumber)
                            && isset($assign_value_atomic_type->properties[$assign_var_item->key->value])
                        ) {
                            $new_assign_type =
                                clone $assign_value_atomic_type->properties[$assign_var_item->key->value];

                            if ($new_assign_type->possibly_undefined) {
                                IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                                    new PossiblyUndefinedArrayOffset(
                                        'Possibly undefined array key',
                                        new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $var)
                                    ),
                                    $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                                );

                                $new_assign_type->possibly_undefined = false;
                            }
                        }

                        if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph && $assign_value && $new_assign_type) {
                            ArrayFetchAnalyzer::taintArrayFetch(
                                $statements_analyzer,
                                $assign_value,
                                null,
                                $new_assign_type,
                                Type::getArrayKey()
                            );
                        }

                        $can_be_empty = !$assign_value_atomic_type->sealed;
                    } elseif ($assign_value_atomic_type->hasArrayAccessInterface($codebase)) {
                        ForeachAnalyzer::getKeyValueParamsForTraversableObject(
                            $assign_value_atomic_type,
                            $codebase,
                            $array_access_key_type,
                            $array_access_value_type
                        );

                        $new_assign_type = $array_access_value_type;
                    }

                    if ($already_in_scope) {
                        // removes dependent vars from $context
                        $context->removeDescendents(
                            $list_var_id,
                            $context->vars_in_scope[$list_var_id],
                            $new_assign_type,
                            $statements_analyzer
                        );
                    }
                }
            }



            if (!$assigned) {
                if ($has_null) {
                    IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                        new PossiblyNullArrayAccess(
                            'Cannot access array value on null variable ' . $extended_var_id,
                            new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $var)
                        ),
                        $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                    );
                }

                foreach ($var_comments as $var_comment) {
                    if (!$var_comment->type) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    try {
                        if ($var_comment->var_id === $list_var_id) {
                            $var_comment_type = TypeExpander::expandUnion(
                                $codebase,
                                $var_comment->type,
                                $context->self,
                                $context->self,
                                $statements_analyzer->getParentFQCLN()
                            );

                            $var_comment_type->setFromDocblock();

                            $new_assign_type = $var_comment_type;
                            break;
                        }
                    } catch (UnexpectedValueException $e) {
                        IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                            new InvalidDocblock(
                                $e->getMessage(),
                                new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $assign_var)
                            )
                        );
                    }
                }

                if ($list_var_id) {
                    $context->vars_in_scope[$list_var_id] = $new_assign_type ?: Type::getMixed();

                    if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph) {
                        $data_flow_graph = $statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph;

                        $var_location = new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer->getSource(), $var);

                        if (!$context->vars_in_scope[$list_var_id]->parent_nodes) {
                            $assignment_node = DataFlowNode::getForAssignment(
                                $list_var_id,
                                $var_location
                            );

                            $context->vars_in_scope[$list_var_id]->parent_nodes = [
                                $assignment_node->id => $assignment_node
                            ];
                        } else {
                            if ($data_flow_graph instanceof TaintFlowGraph
                                && in_array('TaintedInput', $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues())
                            ) {
                                $context->vars_in_scope[$list_var_id]->parent_nodes = [];
                            } else {
                                $event = new AddRemoveTaintsEvent($var, $context, $statements_analyzer, $codebase);

                                $added_taints = $codebase->config->eventDispatcher->dispatchAddTaints($event);
                                $removed_taints = array_merge(
                                    $removed_taints,
                                    $codebase->config->eventDispatcher->dispatchRemoveTaints($event)
                                );

                                self::taintAssignment(
                                    $context->vars_in_scope[$list_var_id],
                                    $data_flow_graph,
                                    $list_var_id,
                                    $var_location,
                                    $removed_taints,
                                    $added_taints
                                );
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if ($list_var_id) {
                if (($context->error_suppressing && ($offset || $can_be_empty))
                    || $has_null
                ) {
                    $context->vars_in_scope[$list_var_id]->addType(new TNull);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static function analyzePropertyAssignment(
        StatementsAnalyzer $statements_analyzer,
        Codebase $codebase,
        PhpParser\Node\Expr\PropertyFetch $assign_var,
        Context $context,
        ?PhpParser\Node\Expr $assign_value,
        Union $assign_value_type,
        ?string $var_id
    ): void {
        if (!$assign_var->name instanceof PhpParser\Node\Identifier) {
            $was_inside_general_use = $context->inside_general_use;
            $context->inside_general_use = true;

            // this can happen when the user actually means to type $this-><autocompleted>, but there's
            // a variable on the next line
            if (ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $assign_var->var, $context) === false) {
                $context->inside_general_use = $was_inside_general_use;

                return;
            }

            if (ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $assign_var->name, $context) === false) {
                $context->inside_general_use = $was_inside_general_use;

                return;
            }

            $context->inside_general_use = $was_inside_general_use;
        }

        if ($assign_var->name instanceof PhpParser\Node\Identifier) {
            $prop_name = $assign_var->name->name;
        } elseif (($assign_var_name_type = $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($assign_var->name))
            && $assign_var_name_type->isSingleStringLiteral()
        ) {
            $prop_name = $assign_var_name_type->getSingleStringLiteral()->value;
        } else {
            $prop_name = null;
        }

        if ($prop_name) {
            InstancePropertyAssignmentAnalyzer::analyze(
                $statements_analyzer,
                $assign_var,
                $prop_name,
                $assign_value,
                $assign_value_type,
                $context
            );
        } else {
            if (ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $assign_var->var, $context) === false) {
                return;
            }

            if (($assign_var_type = $statements_analyzer->node_data->getType($assign_var->var))
                && !$context->ignore_variable_property
            ) {
                $stmt_var_type = $assign_var_type;

                if ($stmt_var_type->hasObjectType()) {
                    foreach ($stmt_var_type->getAtomicTypes() as $type) {
                        if ($type instanceof TNamedObject) {
                            $codebase->analyzer->addMixedMemberName(
                                strtolower($type->value) . '::$',
                                $context->calling_method_id ?: $statements_analyzer->getFileName()
                            );
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if ($var_id) {
            $context->vars_possibly_in_scope[$var_id] = true;
        }

        $property_var_pure_compatible = $statements_analyzer->node_data->isPureCompatible($assign_var->var);

        // prevents writing to any properties in a mutation-free context
        if (!$property_var_pure_compatible
            && !$context->collect_mutations
            && !$context->collect_initializations
        ) {
            if ($context->mutation_free || $context->external_mutation_free) {
                IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                    new ImpurePropertyAssignment(
                        'Cannot assign to a property from a mutation-free context',
                        new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer, $assign_var)
                    ),
                    $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                );
            } elseif ($statements_analyzer->getSource() instanceof FunctionLikeAnalyzer
                && $statements_analyzer->getSource()->track_mutations
            ) {
                if (!$assign_var->var instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\Variable
                    || $assign_var->var->name !== 'this'
                ) {
                    $statements_analyzer->getSource()->inferred_has_mutation = true;
                }

                $statements_analyzer->getSource()->inferred_impure = true;
            }
        }
    }

    private static function analyzeAssignmentToVariable(
        StatementsAnalyzer $statements_analyzer,
        Codebase $codebase,
        PhpParser\Node\Expr\Variable $assign_var,
        ?PhpParser\Node\Expr $assign_value,
        Union $assign_value_type,
        ?string $var_id,
        Context $context
    ): void {
        if (is_string($assign_var->name)) {
            if ($var_id) {
                $original_type = $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id] ?? null;
                $context->vars_in_scope[$var_id] = $assign_value_type;
                $context->vars_possibly_in_scope[$var_id] = true;

                $location = new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer, $assign_var);

                if (!$statements_analyzer->hasVariable($var_id)) {
                    $statements_analyzer->registerVariable(
                        $var_id,
                        $location,
                        $context->branch_point
                    );
                } elseif (!$context->inside_isset) {
                    $statements_analyzer->registerVariableAssignment(
                        $var_id,
                        $location
                    );
                }

                if ($codebase->store_node_types
                    && !$context->collect_initializations
                    && !$context->collect_mutations
                ) {
                    $location = new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer, $assign_var);
                    $codebase->analyzer->addNodeReference(
                        $statements_analyzer->getFilePath(),
                        $assign_var,
                        $location->raw_file_start
                        . '-' . $location->raw_file_end
                        . ':' . $assign_value_type->getId()
                    );
                }

                if (isset($context->byref_constraints[$var_id])) {
                    $assign_value_type->by_ref = true;
                }

                if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph instanceof VariableUseGraph
                    && $assign_value_type->parent_nodes
                ) {
                    if (isset($context->references_to_external_scope[$var_id])
                        || isset($context->references_in_scope[$var_id])
                        || isset($context->referenced_counts[$var_id]) && $context->referenced_counts[$var_id] > 0
                    ) {
                        $location = new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer, $assign_var);
                        $assignment_node = DataFlowNode::getForAssignment($var_id, $location);
                        $parent_nodes = $assign_value_type->parent_nodes;
                        if ($original_type !== null) {
                            $parent_nodes += $original_type->parent_nodes;
                        }
                        foreach ($parent_nodes as $parent_node) {
                            $statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph->addPath(
                                $parent_node,
                                $assignment_node,
                                '&=' // Normal assignment to reference/referenced variable
                            );
                        }

                        if (isset($context->references_to_external_scope[$var_id])) {
                            // Mark reference to an external scope as used when a value is assigned to it
                            $statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph->addPath(
                                $assignment_node,
                                new DataFlowNode('variable-use', 'variable use', null),
                                'variable-use'
                            );
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (isset($context->references_possibly_from_confusing_scope[$var_id])) {
                    IssueBuffer::maybeAdd(
                        new ReferenceReusedFromConfusingScope(
                            "$var_id is possibly a reference defined at"
                                . " {$context->references_possibly_from_confusing_scope[$var_id]->getShortSummary()}."
                                . " Reusing this variable may cause the referenced value to change.",
                            new CodeLocation($statements_analyzer, $assign_var)
                        ),
                        $statements_analyzer->getSuppressedIssues()
                    );
                }

                if ($assign_value_type->getId() === 'bool'
                    && ($assign_value instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\BinaryOp
                        || ($assign_value instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\BooleanNot
                            && $assign_value->expr instanceof PhpParser\Node\Expr\BinaryOp))
                ) {
                    $var_object_id = spl_object_id($assign_var);
                    $cond_object_id = spl_object_id($assign_value);

                    $right_clauses = FormulaGenerator::getFormula(
                        $cond_object_id,
                        $cond_object_id,
                        $assign_value,
                        $context->self,
                        $statements_analyzer,
                        $codebase
                    );

                    $right_clauses = Context::filterClauses(
                        $var_id,
                        $right_clauses
                    );

                    $assignment_clauses = Algebra::combineOredClauses(
                        [new Clause([$var_id => ['falsy' => new Falsy()]], $var_object_id, $var_object_id)],
                        $right_clauses,
                        $cond_object_id
                    );

                    $context->clauses = array_merge($context->clauses, $assignment_clauses);
                }
            }
        } else {
            $was_inside_general_use = $context->inside_general_use;
            $context->inside_general_use = true;

            if (ExpressionAnalyzer::analyze($statements_analyzer, $assign_var->name, $context) === false) {
                $context->inside_general_use = $was_inside_general_use;

                return;
            }

            $context->inside_general_use = $was_inside_general_use;

            if ($statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph instanceof VariableUseGraph
                && $assign_value_type->parent_nodes
            ) {
                foreach ($assign_value_type->parent_nodes as $parent_node) {
                    $statements_analyzer->data_flow_graph->addPath(
                        $parent_node,
                        new DataFlowNode('variable-use', 'variable use', null),
                        'variable-use'
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    }
}