diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts
index 97ce7706ba6e5e..2954accf1fc909 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ export async function optimizeDeps(
 ): Promise<DepOptimizationMetadata> {
   const log = asCommand ? config.logger.info : debug
 
-  const ssr = !!config.build.ssr
+  const ssr = config.command === 'build' && !!config.build.ssr
 
   const cachedMetadata = loadCachedDepOptimizationMetadata(
     config,
@@ -446,7 +446,8 @@ export function depsLogString(qualifiedIds: string[]): string {
 export async function runOptimizeDeps(
   resolvedConfig: ResolvedConfig,
   depsInfo: Record<string, OptimizedDepInfo>,
-  ssr: boolean = !!resolvedConfig.build.ssr
+  ssr: boolean = resolvedConfig.command === 'build' &&
+    !!resolvedConfig.build.ssr
 ): Promise<DepOptimizationResult> {
   const isBuild = resolvedConfig.command === 'build'
   const config: ResolvedConfig = {
@@ -748,7 +749,7 @@ export function depsFromOptimizedDepInfo(
 export function getOptimizedDepPath(
   id: string,
   config: ResolvedConfig,
-  ssr: boolean = !!config.build.ssr
+  ssr: boolean
 ): string {
   return normalizePath(
     path.resolve(getDepsCacheDir(config, ssr), flattenId(id) + '.js')
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/optimizer.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/optimizer.ts
index e11a713958a727..b754a01ca411a3 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/optimizer.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/optimizer.ts
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export async function initDepsOptimizer(
   server?: ViteDevServer
 ): Promise<void> {
   // Non Dev SSR Optimizer
-  const ssr = !!config.build.ssr
+  const ssr = config.command === 'build' && !!config.build.ssr
   if (!getDepsOptimizer(config, ssr)) {
     await createDepsOptimizer(config, server)
   }
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ async function createDepsOptimizer(
 ): Promise<void> {
   const { logger } = config
   const isBuild = config.command === 'build'
-  const ssr = !!config.build.ssr // safe as Dev SSR don't use this optimizer
+  const ssr = isBuild && !!config.build.ssr // safe as Dev SSR don't use this optimizer
 
   const sessionTimestamp = Date.now().toString()
 
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/index.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/index.ts
index c58cf8f30a77e5..a2fbebcc75b66e 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/index.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/index.ts
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ export async function resolvePlugins(
     wasmFallbackPlugin(),
     definePlugin(config),
     cssPostPlugin(config),
-    config.build.ssr ? ssrRequireHookPlugin(config) : null,
+    isBuild && config.build.ssr ? ssrRequireHookPlugin(config) : null,
     isBuild && buildHtmlPlugin(config),
     workerImportMetaUrlPlugin(config),
     ...buildPlugins.pre,