diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/asset.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/asset.ts
index 2a119808a4eb72..8f1f3516c36387 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/asset.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/asset.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import path from 'path'
 import { parse as parseUrl } from 'url'
 import fs, { promises as fsp } from 'fs'
 import * as mrmime from 'mrmime'
-import type { OutputOptions, PluginContext } from 'rollup'
+import type { OutputOptions, PluginContext, PreRenderedAsset } from 'rollup'
 import MagicString from 'magic-string'
 import type { Plugin } from '../plugin'
 import type { ResolvedConfig } from '../config'
@@ -217,6 +217,27 @@ export function getAssetFilename(
   return assetHashToFilenameMap.get(config)?.get(hash)
 }
 
+export function resolveAssetFileNames(
+  config: ResolvedConfig
+): string | ((chunkInfo: PreRenderedAsset) => string) {
+  const output = config.build?.rollupOptions?.output
+  const defaultAssetFileNames = path.posix.join(
+    config.build.assetsDir,
+    '[name].[hash][extname]'
+  )
+  // Steps to determine which assetFileNames will be actually used.
+  // First, if output is an object or string, use assetFileNames in it.
+  // And a default assetFileNames as fallback.
+  let assetFileNames: Exclude<OutputOptions['assetFileNames'], undefined> =
+    (output && !Array.isArray(output) ? output.assetFileNames : undefined) ??
+    defaultAssetFileNames
+  if (output && Array.isArray(output)) {
+    // Second, if output is an array, adopt assetFileNames in the first object.
+    assetFileNames = output[0].assetFileNames ?? assetFileNames
+  }
+  return assetFileNames
+}
+
 /**
  * converts the source filepath of the asset to the output filename based on the assetFileNames option. \
  * this function imitates the behavior of rollup.js. \
@@ -364,25 +385,9 @@ async function fileToBuiltUrl(
     const contentHash = getHash(content)
     const { search, hash } = parseUrl(id)
     const postfix = (search || '') + (hash || '')
-    const output = config.build?.rollupOptions?.output
-
-    const defaultAssetFileNames = path.posix.join(
-      config.build.assetsDir,
-      '[name].[hash][extname]'
-    )
-    // Steps to determine which assetFileNames will be actually used.
-    // First, if output is an object or string, use assetFileNames in it.
-    // And a default assetFileNames as fallback.
-    let assetFileNames: Exclude<OutputOptions['assetFileNames'], undefined> =
-      (output && !Array.isArray(output) ? output.assetFileNames : undefined) ??
-      defaultAssetFileNames
-    if (output && Array.isArray(output)) {
-      // Second, if output is an array, adopt assetFileNames in the first object.
-      assetFileNames = output[0].assetFileNames ?? assetFileNames
-    }
 
     const fileName = assetFileNamesToFileName(
-      assetFileNames,
+      resolveAssetFileNames(config),
       file,
       contentHash,
       content
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts
index a2728507093401..0d057fa4750238 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts
@@ -46,13 +46,15 @@ import {
 import type { Logger } from '../logger'
 import { addToHTMLProxyTransformResult } from './html'
 import {
+  assetFileNamesToFileName,
   assetUrlRE,
   checkPublicFile,
   fileToUrl,
   getAssetFilename,
   publicAssetUrlCache,
   publicAssetUrlRE,
-  publicFileToBuiltUrl
+  publicFileToBuiltUrl,
+  resolveAssetFileNames
 } from './asset'
 
 // const debug = createDebugger('vite:css')
@@ -487,13 +489,22 @@ export function cssPostPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
         return chunkCSS
       }
 
+      function ensureFileExt(name: string, ext: string) {
+        return path.format({ ...path.parse(name), base: undefined, ext })
+      }
+
       if (config.build.cssCodeSplit) {
         if (isPureCssChunk) {
           // this is a shared CSS-only chunk that is empty.
           pureCssChunks.add(chunk.fileName)
         }
         if (opts.format === 'es' || opts.format === 'cjs') {
-          const cssAssetName = chunk.name + '.css'
+          const cssAssetName = ensureFileExt(
+            chunk.facadeModuleId
+              ? normalizePath(path.relative(config.root, chunk.facadeModuleId))
+              : chunk.name,
+            '.css'
+          )
 
           chunkCSS = resolveAssetUrlsInCss(chunkCSS, cssAssetName)
           chunkCSS = await finalizeCss(chunkCSS, true, config)
@@ -501,6 +512,12 @@ export function cssPostPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
           // emit corresponding css file
           const fileHandle = this.emitFile({
             name: cssAssetName,
+            fileName: assetFileNamesToFileName(
+              resolveAssetFileNames(config),
+              cssAssetName,
+              getHash(chunkCSS),
+              chunkCSS
+            ),
             type: 'asset',
             source: chunkCSS
           })
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/manifest.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/manifest.ts
index 9784597195dc7c..b496caf4dbae96 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/manifest.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/manifest.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import path from 'path'
-import type { OutputChunk } from 'rollup'
+import type { OutputAsset, OutputChunk } from 'rollup'
 import type { ResolvedConfig } from '..'
 import type { Plugin } from '../plugin'
 import { normalizePath } from '../utils'
@@ -99,10 +99,19 @@ export function manifestPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
         return manifestChunk
       }
 
+      function createAsset(chunk: OutputAsset): ManifestChunk {
+        return {
+          file: chunk.fileName,
+          src: chunk.name
+        }
+      }
+
       for (const file in bundle) {
         const chunk = bundle[file]
         if (chunk.type === 'chunk') {
           manifest[getChunkName(chunk)] = createChunk(chunk)
+        } else if (chunk.type === 'asset' && typeof chunk.name === 'string') {
+          manifest[chunk.name] = createAsset(chunk)
         }
       }
 
diff --git a/playground/backend-integration/__tests__/backend-integration.spec.ts b/playground/backend-integration/__tests__/backend-integration.spec.ts
index 314ccfb0582680..db3790ee67e4ac 100644
--- a/playground/backend-integration/__tests__/backend-integration.spec.ts
+++ b/playground/backend-integration/__tests__/backend-integration.spec.ts
@@ -32,8 +32,12 @@ describe.runIf(isBuild)('build', () => {
   test('manifest', async () => {
     const manifest = readManifest('dev')
     const htmlEntry = manifest['index.html']
+    const cssAssetEntry = manifest['global.css']
+    const imgAssetEntry = manifest['../images/logo.png']
     expect(htmlEntry.css.length).toEqual(1)
     expect(htmlEntry.assets.length).toEqual(1)
+    expect(cssAssetEntry?.file).not.toBeUndefined()
+    expect(imgAssetEntry?.file).not.toBeUndefined()
   })
 })