diff --git a/packages/vite/src/client/overlay.ts b/packages/vite/src/client/overlay.ts
index 6a7e725a21c74c..51b9495f88337a 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/client/overlay.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/client/overlay.ts
@@ -182,4 +182,6 @@ export class ErrorOverlay extends HTMLElement {
 }
 
 export const overlayId = 'vite-error-overlay'
-!customElements.get(overlayId) && customElements.define(overlayId, ErrorOverlay)
+if (customElements && !customElements.get(overlayId)) {
+  customElements.define(overlayId, ErrorOverlay)
+}