diff --git a/docs/config/index.md b/docs/config/index.md
index 428dc74cdf6bc4..5cd1a23774400c 100644
--- a/docs/config/index.md
+++ b/docs/config/index.md
@@ -713,7 +713,16 @@ createServer()
   Dependencies to exclude from pre-bundling.
 
   :::warning CommonJS
-  CommonJS dependencies should not be excluded from optimization. If an ESM dependency has a nested CommonJS dependency, it should not be excluded as well.
+  CommonJS dependencies should not be excluded from optimization. If an ESM dependency is excluded from optimization, but has a nested CommonJS dependency, the CommonJS dependency should be added to `optimizeDeps.include`. Example:
+
+  ```js
+  export default defineConfig({
+    optimizeDeps: {
+      include: ['esm-dep > cjs-dep']
+    }
+  })
+  ```
+
   :::
 
 ### optimizeDeps.include
diff --git a/packages/playground/dynamic-import/css/index.css b/packages/playground/dynamic-import/css/index.css
index 9d3790dabe47cf..07b64e1de286d0 100644
--- a/packages/playground/dynamic-import/css/index.css
+++ b/packages/playground/dynamic-import/css/index.css
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-.css { box-sizing: border-box; }
-.view { color: red; }
+.css { box-sizing: border-box; }
+.view { color: red; }
diff --git a/packages/playground/nested-deps/__tests__/nested-deps.spec.ts b/packages/playground/nested-deps/__tests__/nested-deps.spec.ts
index 69f80bbcf4c6eb..dac548d0e4193e 100644
--- a/packages/playground/nested-deps/__tests__/nested-deps.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/playground/nested-deps/__tests__/nested-deps.spec.ts
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ test('handle nested package', async () => {
   const c = await page.textContent('.c')
   expect(c).toBe('es-C@1.0.0')
   expect(await page.textContent('.side-c')).toBe(c)
+  expect(await page.textContent('.d')).toBe('D@1.0.0')
+  expect(await page.textContent('.nested-d')).toBe('D-nested@1.0.0')
 })
diff --git a/packages/playground/nested-deps/index.html b/packages/playground/nested-deps/index.html
index 86a7268cd169d7..3467c3d9e425af 100644
--- a/packages/playground/nested-deps/index.html
+++ b/packages/playground/nested-deps/index.html
@@ -13,11 +13,18 @@ <h2>direct dependency C</h2>
 <h2>side dependency C</h2>
 <pre class="side-c"></pre>
 
+<h2>direct dependency D</h2>
+<pre class="d"></pre>
+
+<h2>nested dependency nested-D (dep of D)</h2>
+<pre class="nested-d"></pre>
+
 <script type="module">
   import A from 'test-package-a'
   import B, { A as nestedA } from 'test-package-b'
   import C from 'test-package-c'
   import { C as sideC } from 'test-package-c/side'
+  import D, { nestedD } from 'test-package-d'
 
   text('.a', A)
   text('.b', B)
@@ -26,6 +33,9 @@ <h2>side dependency C</h2>
   text('.c', C)
   text('.side-c', sideC)
 
+  text('.d', D)
+  text('.nested-d', nestedD)
+
   function text(sel, text) {
     document.querySelector(sel).textContent = text
   }
diff --git a/packages/playground/nested-deps/package.json b/packages/playground/nested-deps/package.json
index d6276f4c5185b8..e705a5c96ae103 100644
--- a/packages/playground/nested-deps/package.json
+++ b/packages/playground/nested-deps/package.json
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
   "dependencies": {
     "test-package-a": "link:./test-package-a",
     "test-package-b": "link:./test-package-b",
-    "test-package-c": "link:./test-package-c"
+    "test-package-c": "link:./test-package-c",
+    "test-package-d": "link:./test-package-d"
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/index.js b/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..f5b35d06fd5001
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export { default as nestedD } from 'test-package-d-nested'
+
+export default 'D@1.0.0'
diff --git a/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/package.json b/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..e97830636596fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "name": "test-package-d",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "main": "index.js",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "test-package-d-nested": "link:./test-package-d-nested"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/test-package-d-nested/index.js b/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/test-package-d-nested/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..2ecc48beeccd21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/test-package-d-nested/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export default 'D-nested@1.0.0'
diff --git a/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/test-package-d-nested/package.json b/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/test-package-d-nested/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..deb92dc84767fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/test-package-d-nested/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "name": "test-package-d-nested",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "main": "index.js"
+}
diff --git a/packages/playground/nested-deps/vite.config.js b/packages/playground/nested-deps/vite.config.js
index 203f02e001a06c..cc3bcb2ada226b 100644
--- a/packages/playground/nested-deps/vite.config.js
+++ b/packages/playground/nested-deps/vite.config.js
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ module.exports = {
       'test-package-a',
       'test-package-b',
       'test-package-c',
-      'test-package-c/side'
-    ]
+      'test-package-c/side',
+      'test-package-d    > test-package-d-nested'
+    ],
+    exclude: ['test-package-d']
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/__tests__/optimize-deps.spec.ts b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/__tests__/optimize-deps.spec.ts
index d683e64e9f2296..706998c288fa50 100644
--- a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/__tests__/optimize-deps.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/__tests__/optimize-deps.spec.ts
@@ -83,3 +83,7 @@ test('esbuild-plugin', async () => {
 test('import from hidden dir', async () => {
   expect(await page.textContent('.hidden-dir')).toBe('hello!')
 })
+
+test('import optimize-excluded package that imports optimized-included package', async () => {
+  expect(await page.textContent('.nested-include')).toBe('nested-include')
+})
diff --git a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/index.html b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/index.html
index 59b36a6c9c3466..dfb274656f1baf 100644
--- a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/index.html
+++ b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/index.html
@@ -50,6 +50,9 @@ <h2>Dep with changes from esbuild plugin</h2>
 <h2>Dep from hidden dir</h2>
 <div>This should show hello!: <span class="hidden-dir"></span></div>
 
+<h2>Nested include</h2>
+<div>Module path: <span class="nested-include"></span></div>
+
 <script type="module">
   // test dep detection in globbed files
   const globbed = import.meta.globEager('./glob/*.js')
@@ -79,6 +82,9 @@ <h2>Dep from hidden dir</h2>
   import { greeting } from './.hidden-dir/foo.js'
   text('.hidden-dir', greeting)
 
+  import { nestedInclude } from 'nested-exclude'
+  text('.nested-include', nestedInclude)
+
   function text(el, text) {
     document.querySelector(el).textContent = text
   }
diff --git a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/index.js b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..3910458ef4d26d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export { default as nestedInclude } from 'nested-include'
+
+export default 'nested-exclude'
diff --git a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/nested-include/index.js b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/nested-include/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..547417fcf2e4d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/nested-include/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// written in cjs, optimization should convert this to esm
+module.exports = 'nested-include'
diff --git a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/nested-include/package.json b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/nested-include/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..10c83e498f1984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/nested-include/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "name": "nested-include",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "main": "index.js"
+}
diff --git a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/package.json b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..7a0d1f571ad7fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "name": "nested-exclude",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "main": "index.js",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "nested-include": "file:./nested-include"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/package.json b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/package.json
index 602bf980ffdccf..976f56869739a7 100644
--- a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/package.json
+++ b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/package.json
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
     "dep-esbuild-plugin-transform": "link:./dep-esbuild-plugin-transform",
     "dep-cjs-compiled-from-esm": "file:./dep-cjs-compiled-from-esm",
     "dep-cjs-compiled-from-cjs": "file:./dep-cjs-compiled-from-cjs",
+    "nested-exclude": "link:./nested-exclude",
     "phoenix": "^1.5.7",
     "react": "^17.0.1",
     "react-dom": "^17.0.1",
diff --git a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/vite.config.js b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/vite.config.js
index ff9f95c92f808c..94c308a000cfab 100644
--- a/packages/playground/optimize-deps/vite.config.js
+++ b/packages/playground/optimize-deps/vite.config.js
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ module.exports = {
     include: [
       'dep-linked-include',
       // required since it isn't in node_modules and is ignored by the optimizer otherwise
-      'dep-esbuild-plugin-transform'
+      'dep-esbuild-plugin-transform',
+      'nested-exclude>nested-include'
     ],
+    exclude: ['nested-exclude'],
     esbuildOptions: {
       plugins: [
         {
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts
index 5b899b758ccd33..274f7634dea2ae 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/index.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ import {
   lookupFile,
   normalizePath,
   writeFile,
-  flattenId
+  flattenId,
+  normalizeId
 } from '../utils'
 import { esbuildDepPlugin } from './esbuildDepPlugin'
 import { ImportSpecifier, init, parse } from 'es-module-lexer'
@@ -184,10 +185,13 @@ export async function optimizeDeps(
   if (include) {
     const resolve = config.createResolver({ asSrc: false })
     for (const id of include) {
-      if (!deps[id]) {
+      // normalize 'foo   >bar` as 'foo > bar' to prevent same id being added
+      // and for pretty printing
+      const normalizedId = normalizeId(id)
+      if (!deps[normalizedId]) {
         const entry = await resolve(id)
         if (entry) {
-          deps[id] = entry
+          deps[normalizedId] = entry
         } else {
           throw new Error(
             `Failed to resolve force included dependency: ${chalk.cyan(id)}`
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/clientInjections.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/clientInjections.ts
index 36a545c4442d76..f752596d5de078 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/clientInjections.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/clientInjections.ts
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ export function clientInjectionsPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
         if (config.server.middlewareMode) {
           port = String(port || 24678)
         } else {
-          port = String(port ||options.port || config.server.port!)
+          port = String(port || options.port || config.server.port!)
         }
         let hmrBase = config.base
         if (options.path) {
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/preAlias.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/preAlias.ts
index 3bd14626e407d7..03337ecf19b60b 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/preAlias.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/preAlias.ts
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ export function preAliasPlugin(): Plugin {
     configureServer(_server) {
       server = _server
     },
-    resolveId(id, _, __, ssr) {
+    resolveId(id, importer, _, ssr) {
       if (!ssr && bareImportRE.test(id)) {
-        return tryOptimizedResolve(id, server)
+        return tryOptimizedResolve(id, server, importer)
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/resolve.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/resolve.ts
index dfaa270e79050f..8b03d363ad40f4 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/resolve.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/resolve.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ import {
   resolveFrom,
   isDataUrl,
   cleanUrl,
-  slash
+  slash,
+  nestedResolveFrom
 } from '../utils'
 import { ViteDevServer, SSROptions } from '..'
 import { createFilter } from '@rollup/pluginutils'
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ export function resolvePlugin(baseOptions: InternalResolveOptions): Plugin {
           asSrc &&
           server &&
           !ssr &&
-          (res = tryOptimizedResolve(id, server))
+          (res = tryOptimizedResolve(id, server, importer))
         ) {
           return res
         }
@@ -389,8 +390,18 @@ export function tryNodeResolve(
   ssr?: boolean
 ): PartialResolvedId | undefined {
   const { root, dedupe, isBuild } = options
-  const deepMatch = id.match(deepImportRE)
-  const pkgId = deepMatch ? deepMatch[1] || deepMatch[2] : id
+
+  // split id by last '>' for nested selected packages, for example:
+  // 'foo > bar > baz' => 'foo > bar' & 'baz'
+  // 'foo'             => ''          & 'foo'
+  const lastArrowIndex = id.lastIndexOf('>')
+  const nestedRoot = id.substring(0, lastArrowIndex).trim()
+  const nestedPath = id.substring(lastArrowIndex + 1).trim()
+
+  // check for deep import, e.g. "my-lib/foo"
+  const deepMatch = nestedPath.match(deepImportRE)
+
+  const pkgId = deepMatch ? deepMatch[1] || deepMatch[2] : nestedPath
 
   let basedir: string
   if (dedupe && dedupe.includes(pkgId)) {
@@ -405,6 +416,11 @@ export function tryNodeResolve(
     basedir = root
   }
 
+  // nested node module, step-by-step resolve to the basedir of the nestedPath
+  if (nestedRoot) {
+    basedir = nestedResolveFrom(nestedRoot, basedir)
+  }
+
   const pkg = resolvePackageData(pkgId, basedir)
 
   if (!pkg) {
@@ -465,19 +481,55 @@ export function tryNodeResolve(
 
 export function tryOptimizedResolve(
   id: string,
-  server: ViteDevServer
+  server: ViteDevServer,
+  importer?: string
 ): string | undefined {
   const cacheDir = server.config.cacheDir
   const depData = server._optimizeDepsMetadata
-  if (cacheDir && depData) {
-    const isOptimized = depData.optimized[id]
-    if (isOptimized) {
-      return (
-        isOptimized.file +
-        `?v=${depData.browserHash}${
-          isOptimized.needsInterop ? `&es-interop` : ``
-        }`
-      )
+
+  if (!cacheDir || !depData) return
+
+  const getOptimizedUrl = (optimizedData: typeof depData.optimized[string]) => {
+    return (
+      optimizedData.file +
+      `?v=${depData.browserHash}${
+        optimizedData.needsInterop ? `&es-interop` : ``
+      }`
+    )
+  }
+
+  // check if id has been optimized
+  const isOptimized = depData.optimized[id]
+  if (isOptimized) {
+    return getOptimizedUrl(isOptimized)
+  }
+
+  if (!importer) return
+
+  // further check if id is imported by nested dependency
+  let resolvedSrc: string | undefined
+
+  for (const [pkgPath, optimizedData] of Object.entries(depData.optimized)) {
+    // check for scenarios, e.g.
+    //   pkgPath  => "my-lib > foo"
+    //   id       => "foo"
+    // this narrows the need to do a full resolve
+    if (!pkgPath.endsWith(id)) continue
+
+    // lazily initialize resolvedSrc
+    if (resolvedSrc == null) {
+      try {
+        // this may throw errors if unable to resolve, e.g. aliased id
+        resolvedSrc = resolveFrom(id, path.dirname(importer))
+      } catch {
+        // this is best-effort only so swallow errors
+        break
+      }
+    }
+
+    // match by src to correctly identify if id belongs to nested dependency
+    if (optimizedData.src === resolvedSrc) {
+      return getOptimizedUrl(optimizedData)
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/utils.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/utils.ts
index 0992fd8836a3ba..d43661a44c7e85 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/utils.ts
@@ -30,7 +30,11 @@ export function unwrapId(id: string): string {
   return id.startsWith(VALID_ID_PREFIX) ? id.slice(VALID_ID_PREFIX.length) : id
 }
 
-export const flattenId = (id: string): string => id.replace(/[\/\.]/g, '_')
+export const flattenId = (id: string): string =>
+  id.replace(/(\s*>\s*)/g, '__').replace(/[\/\.]/g, '_')
+
+export const normalizeId = (id: string): string =>
+  id.replace(/(\s*>\s*)/g, ' > ')
 
 export function isBuiltin(id: string): boolean {
   return builtins.includes(id)
@@ -55,6 +59,20 @@ export function resolveFrom(id: string, basedir: string, ssr = false): string {
   })
 }
 
+/**
+ * like `resolveFrom` but supports resolving `>` path in `id`,
+ * for example: `foo > bar > baz`
+ */
+export function nestedResolveFrom(id: string, basedir: string): string {
+  const pkgs = id.split('>').map((pkg) => pkg.trim())
+  try {
+    for (const pkg of pkgs) {
+      basedir = resolveFrom(pkg, basedir)
+    }
+  } catch {}
+  return basedir
+}
+
 // set in bin/vite.js
 const filter = process.env.VITE_DEBUG_FILTER
 
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index 5e661a8f64859a..a940dea3815e27 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -5575,6 +5575,13 @@ neo-async@^2.6.0:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/neo-async/-/neo-async-2.6.2.tgz#b4aafb93e3aeb2d8174ca53cf163ab7d7308305f"
   integrity sha512-Yd3UES5mWCSqR+qNT93S3UoYUkqAZ9lLg8a7g9rimsWmYGK8cVToA4/sF3RrshdyV3sAGMXVUmpMYOw+dLpOuw==
 
+"nested-exclude@link:./packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude":
+  version "0.0.0"
+  uid ""
+
+"nested-include@file:./packages/playground/optimize-deps/nested-exclude/nested-include":
+  version "1.0.0"
+
 nice-try@^1.0.4:
   version "1.0.5"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/nice-try/-/nice-try-1.0.5.tgz#a3378a7696ce7d223e88fc9b764bd7ef1089e366"
@@ -7461,6 +7468,14 @@ test-exclude@^6.0.0:
   version "0.0.0"
   uid ""
 
+"test-package-d-nested@link:./packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d/test-package-d-nested":
+  version "0.0.0"
+  uid ""
+
+"test-package-d@link:./packages/playground/nested-deps/test-package-d":
+  version "0.0.0"
+  uid ""
+
 text-extensions@^1.0.0:
   version "1.9.0"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/text-extensions/-/text-extensions-1.9.0.tgz#1853e45fee39c945ce6f6c36b2d659b5aabc2a26"