diff --git a/packages/vite/src/client/client.ts b/packages/vite/src/client/client.ts
index 0c3163adfb1c06..ed1cab3eb17c2e 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/client/client.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/client/client.ts
@@ -365,9 +365,11 @@ const sheetsMap = new Map<string, HTMLStyleElement>()
 
 // collect existing style elements that may have been inserted during SSR
 // to avoid FOUC or duplicate styles
-document.querySelectorAll('style[data-vite-dev-id]').forEach((el) => {
-  sheetsMap.set(el.getAttribute('data-vite-dev-id')!, el as HTMLStyleElement)
-})
+if ('document' in globalThis) {
+  document.querySelectorAll('style[data-vite-dev-id]').forEach((el) => {
+    sheetsMap.set(el.getAttribute('data-vite-dev-id')!, el as HTMLStyleElement)
+  })
+}
 
 // all css imports should be inserted at the same position
 // because after build it will be a single css file