diff --git a/packages/vite-node/src/client.ts b/packages/vite-node/src/client.ts
index 1786957b97c3..0b32672bc6a2 100644
--- a/packages/vite-node/src/client.ts
+++ b/packages/vite-node/src/client.ts
@@ -310,8 +310,15 @@ export class ViteNodeRunner {
       enumerable: false,
       configurable: false,
     })
-    // this prosxy is triggered only on exports.{name} and module.exports access
+    // this proxy is triggered only on exports.{name} and module.exports access
+    // inside the module itself. imported module is always "exports"
     const cjsExports = new Proxy(exports, {
+      get: (target, p, receiver) => {
+        if (Reflect.has(target, p))
+          return Reflect.get(target, p, receiver)
+        return Reflect.get(Object.prototype, p, receiver)
+      },
+      getPrototypeOf: () => Object.prototype,
       set: (_, p, value) => {
         // treat "module.exports =" the same as "exports.default =" to not have nested "default.default",
         // so "exports.default" becomes the actual module
diff --git a/test/cjs/src/prototype.cjs b/test/cjs/src/prototype.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d52c76dfdcae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/cjs/src/prototype.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+exports.test = () => {
+  // eslint-disable-next-line no-prototype-builtins
+  return exports.hasOwnProperty('test')
+}
+exports.getPrototype = () => {
+  return Object.getPrototypeOf(exports)
+}
diff --git a/test/cjs/src/prototype.d.cts b/test/cjs/src/prototype.d.cts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4b913956249d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/cjs/src/prototype.d.cts
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+export const test: () => boolean
+export const getPrototype: () => any
diff --git a/test/cjs/test/prototype.test.ts b/test/cjs/test/prototype.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7cab942b87e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/cjs/test/prototype.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import { expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import * as cjsExports from '../src/prototype.cjs'
+
+it('has object prototype', () => {
+  expect(cjsExports.getPrototype()).toBe(Object.prototype)
+  expect(() => cjsExports.test()).not.toThrow()
+  expect(cjsExports.test()).toBe(true)
+})
diff --git a/test/esm/src/prototype.d.mts b/test/esm/src/prototype.d.mts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d424a6707c48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/esm/src/prototype.d.mts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+declare export const test: number
diff --git a/test/esm/src/prototype.mjs b/test/esm/src/prototype.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ae67ddada465
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/esm/src/prototype.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export const test = 1
diff --git a/test/esm/test/prototype.spec.ts b/test/esm/test/prototype.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..aeda07fe9bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/esm/test/prototype.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import { expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import * as exports from '../src/prototype.mjs'
+
+it('prototype is null', () => {
+  expect(Object.getPrototypeOf(exports)).toBe(null)
+  expect({}.hasOwnProperty).toBeTypeOf('function')
+  expect(exports.hasOwnProperty).toBeTypeOf('undefined')
+})
diff --git a/test/esm/vite.config.ts b/test/esm/vite.config.ts
index 286c3487b689..506d02b84dfd 100644
--- a/test/esm/vite.config.ts
+++ b/test/esm/vite.config.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
 export default defineConfig({
   test: {
     deps: {
-      external: [/tslib/, /css-what/],
+      external: [/tslib/, /css-what/, /prototype\.mjs/],
       registerNodeLoader: true,
     },
   },