diff --git a/packages/vitest/src/typecheck/parse.ts b/packages/vitest/src/typecheck/parse.ts
index 214000c7a092..d6337197f446 100644
--- a/packages/vitest/src/typecheck/parse.ts
+++ b/packages/vitest/src/typecheck/parse.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import url from 'node:url'
 import { writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises'
-import { dirname, join } from 'pathe'
+import { basename, dirname, join, resolve } from 'pathe'
 import { getTsconfig as getTsconfigContent } from 'get-tsconfig'
 import type { TypecheckConfig } from '../types'
 import type { RawErrsMap, TscErrorInfo } from './types'
@@ -58,11 +58,12 @@ export async function makeTscErrorInfo(
 }
 
 export async function getTsconfig(root: string, config: TypecheckConfig) {
-  const configName = config.tsconfig?.includes('jsconfig.json')
-    ? 'jsconfig.json'
-    : undefined
+  const configName = config.tsconfig ? basename(config.tsconfig) : undefined
+  const configSearchPath = config.tsconfig
+    ? dirname(resolve(root, config.tsconfig))
+    : root
 
-  const tsconfig = getTsconfigContent(config.tsconfig || root, configName)
+  const tsconfig = getTsconfigContent(configSearchPath, configName)
 
   if (!tsconfig)
     throw new Error('no tsconfig.json found')
diff --git a/test/typescript/test/__snapshots__/runner.test.ts.snap b/test/typescript/test/__snapshots__/runner.test.ts.snap
index f1add4402a6c..6c56b9333cbf 100644
--- a/test/typescript/test/__snapshots__/runner.test.ts.snap
+++ b/test/typescript/test/__snapshots__/runner.test.ts.snap
@@ -86,3 +86,10 @@ TypeCheckError: Expected 1 arguments, but got 0.
        |                   ^
       5| })"
 `;
+
+exports[`should fail > typecheks with custom tsconfig 1`] = `
+"TypeCheckError: Expected 1 arguments, but got 0.
+TypeCheckError: Expected 1 arguments, but got 0.
+TypeCheckError: Expected 1 arguments, but got 0.
+TypeCheckError: Expected 1 arguments, but got 0."
+`;
diff --git a/test/typescript/test/runner.test.ts b/test/typescript/test/runner.test.ts
index fa7b369c54a1..a23d836c4fab 100644
--- a/test/typescript/test/runner.test.ts
+++ b/test/typescript/test/runner.test.ts
@@ -48,4 +48,46 @@ describe('should fail', async () => {
       }
     })
   }, 30_000)
+
+  it('typecheks with custom tsconfig', async () => {
+    const { stderr } = await execa('npx', [
+      'vitest',
+      'typecheck',
+      '--run',
+      '--dir',
+      resolve(__dirname, '..', './failing'),
+      '--config',
+      resolve(__dirname, './vitest.custom.config.ts'),
+    ], {
+      cwd: root,
+      reject: false,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+        CI: 'true',
+        NO_COLOR: 'true',
+      },
+    })
+
+    expect(stderr).toBeTruthy()
+    const lines = String(stderr).split(/\n/g)
+    const msg = lines
+      .filter(i => i.includes('TypeCheckError: '))
+      .reverse()
+      .join('\n')
+      .trim()
+      .replace(root, '<rootDir>')
+    expect(stderr).not.toMatch('files found, exiting with code')
+    // only one test file is failed, because only one is included in tsconfig
+    // + file with .only modifier
+    expect(msg).toMatchSnapshot()
+
+    expect(stderr).toContain('FAIL  fail.test-d.ts') // included in tsconfig
+    expect(stderr).toContain('FAIL  only.test-d.ts') // .only
+
+    // not included in tsconfig
+    expect(stderr).not.toContain('expect-error.test-d.ts')
+    expect(stderr).not.toContain('js-fail.test-d.js')
+    expect(stderr).not.toContain('js.test-d.js')
+    expect(stderr).not.toContain('test.test-d.ts')
+  }, 30_000)
 })
diff --git a/test/typescript/test/vitest.custom.config.ts b/test/typescript/test/vitest.custom.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..fe059cc66808
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/typescript/test/vitest.custom.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  test: {
+    typecheck: {
+      allowJs: true,
+      include: ['**/*.test-d.*'],
+      tsconfig: '../tsconfig.custom.json',
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/test/typescript/tsconfig.custom.json b/test/typescript/tsconfig.custom.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b0e4cb62238a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/typescript/tsconfig.custom.json
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../tsconfig.json",
+  "exclude": [
+    "**/dist/**"
+  ],
+  "include": [
+    "**/fail.test-d.ts"
+  ]
+}