feat: Allow filtering metric attributes and creating custom monitored resource

[bhshkh]

Context: https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-go/pull/10046/files#diff-a1b4b02d8e5fa0e59a2122e76a7bcda69fdd818d66ee4498db5b8d8100ec9cabR45-R61

I'm working on exporting Bigtable client metrics to Google Cloud Monitoring.
The metrics need to be written with monitored resource type 'bigtable_client_raw'
The monitored resource needs to have below labels:

• project_id
• instance
• table
• cluster
• zone

The values for the last 3 of the above labels need to be obtained from response metadata i.e. they are not available at the time of otel resource creation i.e. unavailable at this point in code:

import "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"

res, err := resource.New(ctx)
if err != nil {
	return err
}

How to include these in monitored resource labels?

1. While recording the metrics, add these labels to the metrics
2. Exporter will use the function provided in the WithMonitoredResourceCreator to extract the resource labels from the metric labels and create monitored resource. Example usage:

https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-go/pull/10046/files#diff-a1b4b02d8e5fa0e59a2122e76a7bcda69fdd818d66ee4498db5b8d8100ec9cabR58-R59

https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-go/pull/10046/files#diff-a1b4b02d8e5fa0e59a2122e76a7bcda69fdd818d66ee4498db5b8d8100ec9cabR71-R112

Also, the resource labels should be removed from the metric labels before exporting them to Google Cloud Monitoring. This will be done using the WithFilteredMetricAttributes option. Example usage:

https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-go/pull/10046/files#diff-a1b4b02d8e5fa0e59a2122e76a7bcda69fdd818d66ee4498db5b8d8100ec9cabR61

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 37.50000% with 10 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 62.58%. Comparing base (4caace7) to head (be038e8).
Report is 17 commits behind head on main.

Files	Patch %	Lines
exporter/metric/option.go	0.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
exporter/metric/metric.go	60.00%	3 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #850      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   61.03%   62.58%   +1.54%     
==========================================
  Files          56       57       +1     
  Lines        5903     4931     -972     
==========================================
- Hits         3603     3086     -517     
+ Misses       2143     1685     -458     
- Partials      157      160       +3     

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[dashpole]

You shouldn't need this config in the exporter. Use https://pkg.go.dev/go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric#WithView to pass views to the metrics SDK, which allow filtering attributes on metrics.

[dashpole]

cc @psx95

[psx95]

cc @psx95

This looks similar to the recent request we had for the Java exporter, I will take a look into this PR.