fix(compiler): add math elements to schema (#55631)

Fixes that we didn't have the MathML elements in the schema. Note that we can't discover which tag names are available by looking at globally-available classes, because all MathML elements are `MathMLElement` rather than something like `SVGCircleElement`. As such, I ended up having to hardcode the currently-available tags.

Fixes #55608.

PR Close #55631

packages/compiler-cli/test/ngtsc/template_typecheck_spec.ts

@@ -3101,6 +3101,32 @@ export declare class AnimationEvent {
 1. If 'foo' is an Angular component, then verify that it is part of this module.
 2. To allow any element add 'NO_ERRORS_SCHEMA' to the '@NgModule.schemas' of this component.`);
          });
+
+      it('should allow math elements', () => {
+        env.write(
+            'test.ts',
+            `
+          import {Component} from '@angular/core';
+          @Component({
+            template: \`
+              <math>
+                <mfrac>
+                  <mn>1</mn>
+                  <msqrt>
+                    <mn>2</mn>
+                  </msqrt>
+                </mfrac>
+              </math>
+            \`,
+            standalone: true,
+          })
+          export class MathCmp {}
+        `,
+        );
+
+        const diags = env.driveDiagnostics();
+        expect(diags.length).toBe(0);
+      });
     });
 
     // Test both sync and async compilations, see https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/32538

packages/compiler/src/schema/dom_element_schema_registry.ts

@@ -229,6 +229,36 @@ const SCHEMA: string[] = [
   'summary^[HTMLElement]|',
   'time^[HTMLElement]|dateTime',
   ':svg:cursor^:svg:|',
+  ':math:^[HTMLElement]|!autofocus,nonce,*abort,*animationend,*animationiteration,*animationstart,*auxclick,*beforeinput,*beforematch,*beforetoggle,*beforexrselect,*blur,*cancel,*canplay,*canplaythrough,*change,*click,*close,*contentvisibilityautostatechange,*contextlost,*contextmenu,*contextrestored,*copy,*cuechange,*cut,*dblclick,*drag,*dragend,*dragenter,*dragleave,*dragover,*dragstart,*drop,*durationchange,*emptied,*ended,*error,*focus,*formdata,*gotpointercapture,*input,*invalid,*keydown,*keypress,*keyup,*load,*loadeddata,*loadedmetadata,*loadstart,*lostpointercapture,*mousedown,*mouseenter,*mouseleave,*mousemove,*mouseout,*mouseover,*mouseup,*mousewheel,*paste,*pause,*play,*playing,*pointercancel,*pointerdown,*pointerenter,*pointerleave,*pointermove,*pointerout,*pointerover,*pointerrawupdate,*pointerup,*progress,*ratechange,*reset,*resize,*scroll,*scrollend,*securitypolicyviolation,*seeked,*seeking,*select,*selectionchange,*selectstart,*slotchange,*stalled,*submit,*suspend,*timeupdate,*toggle,*transitioncancel,*transitionend,*transitionrun,*transitionstart,*volumechange,*waiting,*webkitanimationend,*webkitanimationiteration,*webkitanimationstart,*webkittransitionend,*wheel,%style,#tabIndex',
+  ':math:math^:math:|',
+  ':math:maction^:math:|',
+  ':math:menclose^:math:|',
+  ':math:merror^:math:|',
+  ':math:mfenced^:math:|',
+  ':math:mfrac^:math:|',
+  ':math:mi^:math:|',
+  ':math:mmultiscripts^:math:|',
+  ':math:mn^:math:|',
+  ':math:mo^:math:|',
+  ':math:mover^:math:|',
+  ':math:mpadded^:math:|',
+  ':math:mphantom^:math:|',
+  ':math:mroot^:math:|',
+  ':math:mrow^:math:|',
+  ':math:ms^:math:|',
+  ':math:mspace^:math:|',
+  ':math:msqrt^:math:|',
+  ':math:mstyle^:math:|',
+  ':math:msub^:math:|',
+  ':math:msubsup^:math:|',
+  ':math:msup^:math:|',
+  ':math:mtable^:math:|',
+  ':math:mtd^:math:|',
+  ':math:mtext^:math:|',
+  ':math:mtr^:math:|',
+  ':math:munder^:math:|',
+  ':math:munderover^:math:|',
+  ':math:semantics^:math:|',
 ];
 
 const _ATTR_TO_PROP = new Map(Object.entries({

packages/compiler/test/schema/schema_extractor.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
  */
 
 const SVG_PREFIX = ':svg:';
+const MATH_PREFIX = ':math:';
 
 // Element | Node interfaces
 // see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element
@@ -25,6 +26,10 @@ const ALL_HTML_TAGS =
     // https://html.spec.whatwg.org/
     'details,summary,menu,menuitem';
 
+// Via https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML
+const ALL_MATH_TAGS =
+    'math,maction,menclose,merror,mfenced,mfrac,mi,mmultiscripts,mn,mo,mover,mpadded,mphantom,mroot,mrow,ms,mspace,msqrt,mstyle,msub,msubsup,msup,mtable,mtd,mtext,mtr,munder,munderover,semantics';
+
 // Elements missing from Chrome (HtmlUnknownElement), to be manually added
 const MISSING_FROM_CHROME: {[el: string]: string[]} = {
   'data^[HTMLElement]': ['value'],
@@ -72,8 +77,8 @@ export function extractSchema(): Map<string, string[]>|null {
   const SVGGradientElement = _G['SVGGradientElement'];
   const SVGTextContentElement = _G['SVGTextContentElement'];
   const SVGTextPositioningElement = _G['SVGTextPositioningElement'];
-
   extractProperties(SVGElement, svgText, visited, descMap, SVG_PREFIX, HTMLELEMENT_IF);
+
   extractProperties(
       SVGGraphicsElement, svgText, visited, descMap, SVG_PREFIX + 'graphics', SVG_PREFIX);
   extractProperties(
@@ -106,6 +111,23 @@ export function extractSchema(): Map<string, string[]>|null {
     descMap.set(elHierarchy, MISSING_FROM_CHROME[elHierarchy]);
   });
 
+  // Needed because we're running tests against some older Android versions.
+  if (typeof MathMLElement !== 'undefined') {
+    // Math top level
+    const math = document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML', 'math');
+    extractProperties(MathMLElement, math, visited, descMap, MATH_PREFIX, HTMLELEMENT_IF);
+
+    // This script is written under the assumption that each tag has a corresponding class name,
+    // e.g.
+    // `<circle>` -> `SVGCircleElement` however this doesn't hold for Math elements which are all
+    // `MathMLElement`. Furthermore, they don't have special property names, but rather are
+    // configured exclusively via attributes. Register them as plain elements that inherit from
+    // the top-level `:math` namespace.
+    ALL_MATH_TAGS.split(',').forEach(
+        (tag) => descMap.set(`${MATH_PREFIX}${tag}^${MATH_PREFIX}`, []),
+    );
+  }
+
   assertNoMissingTags(descMap);
 
   return descMap;
@@ -118,7 +140,12 @@ function assertNoMissingTags(descMap: Map<string, string[]>): void {
     extractedTags.push(...key.split('|')[0].split('^')[0].split(','));
   });
 
-  const missingTags = ALL_HTML_TAGS.split(',').filter(tag => extractedTags.indexOf(tag) == -1);
+  const missingTags = [
+    ...ALL_HTML_TAGS.split(','),
+    ...(typeof MathMLElement === 'undefined' ?
+            [] :
+            ALL_MATH_TAGS.split(',').map((tag) => MATH_PREFIX + tag)),
+  ].filter((tag) => !extractedTags.includes(tag));
 
   if (missingTags.length) {
     throw new Error(`DOM schema misses tags: ${missingTags.join(',')}`);