[expo-dev-launcher] Remove debug settings for EAS Updates extension

[wschurman]

Why

This reverts #17842. Updating the URL or runtime version is considered dangerous as it could lead to incompatible updates being launched. While we may want to allow this in the future (or just allow browsing all updates, even incompatible ones), this treatment is causing confusion.

How

Revert most of the PR manually.

Test Plan

tsc

Checklist

• Documentation is up to date to reflect these changes (eg: https://docs.expo.dev and README.md).
• Conforms with the Documentation Writing Style Guide
• This diff will work correctly for npx expo prebuild & EAS Build (eg: updated a module plugin).

[expo-bot]

The Pull Request introduced fingerprint changes against the base commit: 5a4eb49

Fingerprint diff

[
  {
    "type": "dir",
    "filePath": "../../packages/expo-dev-launcher",
    "reasons": [
      "expoAutolinkingIos",
      "expoAutolinkingAndroid"
    ],
    "hash": "d45ad3514f0628fcdeb0eef24fde86ab9ad10cf4"
  }
]

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