Associate users with roles and permissions

This package allows to save permissions and roles in a database. It is built upon Laravel's authorization functionality that was introduced in version 5.1.11

Once installed you can do stuff like this:

//adding permissions to a user
$user->givePermissionTo('edit articles');

//adding permissions via a role
$user->assignRole('writer');
$user2->assignRole('writer');

$role->givePermissionTo('edit articles');

You can test if a user has a permission with Laravel's default can-function.

$user->can('edit articles');

If you want a drop-in middleware to check permissions, check out our authorize package: https://github.com/spatie/laravel-authorize

Spatie is webdesign agency in Antwerp, Belgium. You'll find an overview of all our open source projects on our website.

Postcardware

You're free to use this package (it's MIT-licensed), but if it makes it to your production environment you are required to send us a postcard from your hometown, mentioning which of our package(s) you are using.

Our address is: Spatie, Samberstraat 69D, 2060 Antwerp, Belgium.

The best postcards will get published on the open source page on our website.

Install

You can install the package via composer:

$ composer require spatie/laravel-permission

This service provider must be installed.

// config/app.php
'providers' => [
    ...
    Spatie\Permission\PermissionServiceProvider::class,
];

You can publish the migration with:

php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Spatie\Permission\PermissionServiceProvider" --tag="migrations"

The package assumes that your users table name is called "users". If this is not the case you should manually edit the published migration to use your custom table name.

After the migration has been published you can create the role- and permission-tables by running the migrations:

php artisan migrate

You can publish the config-file with:

php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Spatie\Permission\PermissionServiceProvider" --tag="config"

This is the contents of the published config file:

// config/laravel-permission.php

return [

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Authorization Models
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    */

    'models' => [

        /*
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        | Permission Model
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        |
        | When using the "HasRoles" trait from this package, we need to know which
        | Eloquent model should be used to retrieve your permissions. Of course, it
        | is often just the "Permission" model but you may use whatever you like.
        |
        | The model you want to use as a Permission model needs to implement the
        | `Spatie\Permission\Contracts\Permission` contract.
        |
        */

        'permission' => Spatie\Permission\Models\Permission::class,

        /*
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        | Role Model
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        |
        | When using the "HasRoles" trait from this package, we need to know which
        | Eloquent model should be used to retrieve your roles. Of course, it
        | is often just the "Role" model but you may use whatever you like.
        |
        | The model you want to use as a Role model needs to implement the
        | `Spatie\Permission\Contracts\Role` contract.
        |
        */

        'role' => Spatie\Permission\Models\Role::class,
    ],

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Authorization Tables
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    */

    'table_names' => [

        /*
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        | Roles Table
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        |
        | When using the "HasRoles" trait from this package, we need to know which
        | table should be used to retrieve your roles. We have chosen a basic
        | default value but you may easily change it to any table you like.
        |
        */

        'roles' => 'roles',

        /*
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        | Permissions Table
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        |
        | When using the "HasRoles" trait from this package, we need to know which
        | table should be used to retrieve your permissions. We have chosen a basic
        | default value but you may easily change it to any table you like.
        |
        */

        'permissions' => 'permissions',

        /*
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        | User Permissions Table
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        |
        | When using the "HasRoles" trait from this package, we need to know which
        | table should be used to retrieve your users permissions. We have chosen a
        | basic default value but you may easily change it to any table you like.
        |
        */

        'user_has_permissions' => 'user_has_permissions',

        /*
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        | User Roles Table
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        |
        | When using the "HasRoles" trait from this package, we need to know which
        | table should be used to retrieve your users roles. We have chosen a
        | basic default value but you may easily change it to any table you like.
        |
        */

        'user_has_roles' => 'user_has_roles',

        /*
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        | Role Permissions Table
        |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        |
        | When using the "HasRoles" trait from this package, we need to know which
        | table should be used to retrieve your roles permissions. We have chosen a
        | basic default value but you may easily change it to any table you like.
        |
        */

        'role_has_permissions' => 'role_has_permissions',

    ],

];

Usage

First add the Spatie\Permission\Traits\HasRoles-trait to your User model.

use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
use Spatie\Permission\Traits\HasRoles;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use HasRoles;
    
    // ...
}

This package allows for users to be associated with roles. Permissions can be associated with roles. A Role and a Permission are regular Eloquent-models. They can have a name and can be created like this:

use Spatie\Permission\Models\Role;
use Spatie\Permission\Models\Permission;

$role = Role::create(['name' => 'writer']);
$permission = Permission::create(['name' => 'edit articles']);

The HasRoles adds eloquent relationships to your models, which can be accessed directly or used as a base query.

$permissions = $user->permissions;
$roles = $user->roles()->pluck('name'); // returns a collection

The HasRoles also adds a scope to your models to scope the query to certain roles.

$users = User::role('writer')->get(); // Only returns users with the role 'writer'

The scope can accept a string, a Spatie\Permission\Models\Role-object or an \Illuminate\Support\Collection-object.

###Using permissions A permission can be given to a user:

$user->givePermissionTo('edit articles');

//you can also give multiple permission at once
$user->givePermissionTo('edit articles', 'delete articles');

//you may also pass an array
$user->givePermissionTo(['edit articles', 'delete articles']);

A permission can be revoked from a user:

$user->revokePermissionTo('edit articles');

You can test if a user has a permission:

$user->hasPermissionTo('edit articles');

Saved permissions will be registered with the Illuminate\Auth\Access\Gate-class. So you can test if a user has a permission with Laravel's default can-function.

$user->can('edit articles');

###Using roles and permissions A role can be assigned to a user:

$user->assignRole('writer');

// you can also assign multiple roles at once
$user->assignRole('writer', 'admin');
$user->assignRole(['writer', 'admin']);

A role can be removed from a user:

$user->removeRole('writer');

Roles can also be synced :

//all current roles will be removed from the user and replace by the array given
$user->syncRoles(['writer', 'admin']);

You can determine if a user has a certain role:

$user->hasRole('writer');

You can also determine if a user has any of a given list of roles:

$user->hasAnyRole(Role::all());

You can also determine if a user has all of a given list of roles:

$user->hasAllRoles(Role::all());

The assignRole, hasRole, hasAnyRole, hasAllRoles and removeRole-functions can accept a string, a Spatie\Permission\Models\Role-object or an \Illuminate\Support\Collection-object.

A permission can be given to a role:

$role->givePermissionTo('edit articles');

You can determine if a role has a certain permission:

$role->hasPermissionTo('edit articles');

A permission can be revoked from a role:

$role->revokePermissionTo('edit articles');

The givePermissionTo and revokePermissionTo-functions can accept a string or a Spatie\Permission\Models\Permission-object.

Saved permission and roles are also registered with the Illuminate\Auth\Access\Gate-class.

$user->can('edit articles');

###Using blade directives This package also adds Blade directives to verify whether the currently logged in user has all or any of a given list of roles.

@role('writer')
I'm a writer!
@else
I'm not a writer...
@endrole

@hasrole('writer')
I'm a writer!
@else
I'm not a writer...
@endhasrole

@hasanyrole(Role::all())
I have one or more of these roles!
@else
I have none of these roles...
@endhasanyrole

@hasallroles(Role::all())
I have all of these roles!
@else
I don't have all of these roles...
@endhasallroles

You can use Laravel's native @can directive to check if a user has a certain permission.

Using a middleware

The package doesn't contain a middleware to check permissions but it's very trivial to add this yourself.

$ php artisan make:middleware RoleMiddleware

This will create a RoleMiddleware for you, where you can handle your role and permissions check.

// app/Http/Middleware/RoleMiddleware.php
use Auth;

...

public function handle($request, Closure $next, $role, $permission)
{
    if (Auth::guest()) {
        return redirect($urlOfYourLoginPage);
    }

    if (! $request->user()->hasRole($role)) {
       abort(403);
    }
    
    if (! $request->user()->can($permission)) {
       abort(403);
    }

    return $next($request);
}

Don't forget to add the route middleware to your Kernel:

// app/Http/Kernel.php
protected $routeMiddleware = [
    ...
    'role' => \App\Http\Middleware\RoleMiddleware::class,
    ...
];

Now you can protect your routes using the middleware you just set up:

Route::group(['middleware' => ['role:admin,access_backend']], function () {
    //
});

Extending

If you need to extend or replace the existing Role or Permission models you just need to keep the following things in mind:

• Your Role model needs to implement the Spatie\Permission\Contracts\Role contract
• Your Permission model needs to implement the Spatie\Permission\Contracts\Permission contract
• You must publish the configuration with this command: php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Spatie\Permission\PermissionServiceProvider" --tag="config" and update the models.role and models.permission values

Change log

Please see CHANGELOG for more information what has changed recently.

Testing

$ composer test

Contributing

Please see CONTRIBUTING for details.

Security

If you discover any security related issues, please email freek@spatie.be instead of using the issue tracker.

Credits

• Freek Van der Herten
• All Contributors

This package is heavily based on Jeffrey Way's awesome Laracasts-lesson on roles and permissions. His original code can be found in this repo on GitHub.

Alternatives

• JosephSilber/bouncer
• BeatSwitch/lock-laravel
• Zizaco/entrust
• bican/roles

About Spatie

Spatie is webdesign agency in Antwerp, Belgium. You'll find an overview of all our open source projects on our website.

License

The MIT License (MIT). Please see License File for more information.