feat: move session lastUseTime parameter from PooledSession to Sessio…

…nImpl class. Fix updation of the parameter for chained RPCs within one transaction. (#2704)

* fix: prevent illegal negative timeout values into thread sleep() method while retrying exceptions in unit tests.

* For details on issue see - #2206

* Fixing lint issues.

* refactor: move session lastUseTime parameter from PooledSession to SessionImpl class. Fix updation of the parameter for chained RPCs within one transaction.

* chore: add clock instances in callees of SessionImpl.

* chore: partially fix failing unit tests in SessionPoolTest and SessionPoolMaintainerTest.

* chore: fix failing tests in SessionPoolStressTest.

* chore: update lastUseTime for methods in SessionPoolTransactionContext. Add a couple of unit tests for testing the new behaviour.

* chore: lint errors.

* chore: fix tests in DatabaseClientImplTest by passing the mocked clock instance.

* fix: update session lastUseTime field for AbstractReadContext class. Fix the unit test to test this change.

* fix: failing tests in TransactionRunnerImplTest.

* fix: failing test in SessionPoolMaintainerTest.

* refactor: move FakeClock to a new class.

* refactor: move Clock to a new class.

* chore: resolving PR comments.

* chore: address review comments.

* chore: updating lastUseTime state in TransactionRunnerImpl. Removing redundant updates from SessionPool class.

* chore: remove redundant update statements from SessionPool class. Add more unit tests.

* chore: add more tests for TransactionRunner.

* chore: remove dead code from constructor of SessionPoolTransactionContext.

* 🦉 Updates from OwlBot post-processor

See https://github.com/googleapis/repo-automation-bots/blob/main/packages/owl-bot/README.md

* Update google-cloud-spanner/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/spanner/TransactionRunnerImpl.java

Co-authored-by: Knut Olav Løite <koloite@gmail.com>

* Update google-cloud-spanner/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/spanner/TransactionRunnerImpl.java

Co-authored-by: Knut Olav Løite <koloite@gmail.com>

* Update google-cloud-spanner/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/spanner/TransactionRunnerImpl.java

Co-authored-by: Knut Olav Løite <koloite@gmail.com>

* chore: fixing precondition errors due to null clock.

---------

Co-authored-by: Owl Bot <gcf-owl-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

google-cloud-spanner/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/spanner/AbstractReadContext.java

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 import com.google.cloud.spanner.SessionImpl.SessionTransaction;
 import com.google.cloud.spanner.spi.v1.SpannerRpc;
 import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
 import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
 import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
 import com.google.spanner.v1.BeginTransactionRequest;
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ abstract static class Builder<B extends Builder<?, T>, T extends AbstractReadCon
     private int defaultPrefetchChunks = SpannerOptions.Builder.DEFAULT_PREFETCH_CHUNKS;
     private QueryOptions defaultQueryOptions = SpannerOptions.Builder.DEFAULT_QUERY_OPTIONS;
     private ExecutorProvider executorProvider;
+    private Clock clock = new Clock();
 
     Builder() {}
 
@@ -110,6 +112,11 @@ B setExecutorProvider(ExecutorProvider executorProvider) {
       return self();
     }
 
+    B setClock(Clock clock) {
+      this.clock = Preconditions.checkNotNull(clock);
+      return self();
+    }
+
     abstract T build();
   }
 
@@ -392,6 +399,8 @@ void initTransaction() {
   private final int defaultPrefetchChunks;
   private final QueryOptions defaultQueryOptions;
 
+  private final Clock clock;
+
   @GuardedBy("lock")
   private boolean isValid = true;
 
@@ -416,6 +425,7 @@ void initTransaction() {
     this.defaultQueryOptions = builder.defaultQueryOptions;
     this.span = builder.span;
     this.executorProvider = builder.executorProvider;
+    this.clock = builder.clock;
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -689,6 +699,7 @@ CloseableIterator<PartialResultSet> startStream(@Nullable ByteString resumeToken
             SpannerRpc.StreamingCall call =
                 rpc.executeQuery(
                     request.build(), stream.consumer(), session.getOptions(), isRouteToLeader());
+            session.markUsed(clock.instant());
             call.request(prefetchChunks);
             stream.setCall(call, request.getTransaction().hasBegin());
             return stream;
@@ -826,6 +837,7 @@ CloseableIterator<PartialResultSet> startStream(@Nullable ByteString resumeToken
             SpannerRpc.StreamingCall call =
                 rpc.read(
                     builder.build(), stream.consumer(), session.getOptions(), isRouteToLeader());
+            session.markUsed(clock.instant());
             call.request(prefetchChunks);
             stream.setCall(call, /* withBeginTransaction = */ builder.getTransaction().hasBegin());
             return stream;

google-cloud-spanner/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/spanner/Clock.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 Google LLC
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.google.cloud.spanner;
+
+import org.threeten.bp.Instant;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper around current time so that we can fake it in tests. TODO(user): Replace with Java 8
+ * Clock.
+ */
+class Clock {
+  Instant instant() {
+    return Instant.now();
+  }
+}

google-cloud-spanner/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/spanner/SessionImpl.java

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import org.threeten.bp.Instant;
 
 /**
  * Implementation of {@link Session}. Sessions are managed internally by the client library, and
@@ -98,12 +99,14 @@ interface SessionTransaction {
   ByteString readyTransactionId;
   private final Map<SpannerRpc.Option, ?> options;
   private Span currentSpan;
+  private volatile Instant lastUseTime;
 
   SessionImpl(SpannerImpl spanner, String name, Map<SpannerRpc.Option, ?> options) {
     this.spanner = spanner;
     this.options = options;
     this.name = checkNotNull(name);
     this.databaseId = SessionId.of(name).getDatabaseId();
+    this.lastUseTime = Instant.now();
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -123,6 +126,14 @@ Span getCurrentSpan() {
     return currentSpan;
   }
 
+  Instant getLastUseTime() {
+    return lastUseTime;
+  }
+
+  void markUsed(Instant instant) {
+    lastUseTime = instant;
+  }
+
   @Override
   public long executePartitionedUpdate(Statement stmt, UpdateOption... options) {
     setActive(null);
@@ -385,6 +396,9 @@ ApiFuture<ByteString> beginTransactionAsync(Options transactionOptions, boolean
   }
 
   TransactionContextImpl newTransaction(Options options) {
+    // A clock instance is passed in {@code SessionPoolOptions} in order to allow mocking via tests.
+    final Clock poolMaintainerClock =
+        spanner.getOptions().getSessionPoolOptions().getPoolMaintainerClock();
     return TransactionContextImpl.newBuilder()
         .setSession(this)
         .setOptions(options)
@@ -396,6 +410,7 @@ TransactionContextImpl newTransaction(Options options) {
         .setDefaultPrefetchChunks(spanner.getDefaultPrefetchChunks())
         .setSpan(currentSpan)
         .setExecutorProvider(spanner.getAsyncExecutorProvider())
+        .setClock(poolMaintainerClock == null ? new Clock() : poolMaintainerClock)
         .build();
   }
 

google-cloud-spanner/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/spanner/SessionPool.java

@@ -144,16 +144,6 @@ void maybeWaitOnMinSessions() {
     }
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Wrapper around current time so that we can fake it in tests. TODO(user): Replace with Java 8
-   * Clock.
-   */
-  static class Clock {
-    Instant instant() {
-      return Instant.now();
-    }
-  }
-
   private abstract static class CachedResultSetSupplier implements Supplier<ResultSet> {
     private ResultSet cached;
 
@@ -1370,7 +1360,6 @@ PooledSession get(final boolean eligibleForLongRunning) {
 
   class PooledSession implements Session {
     @VisibleForTesting SessionImpl delegate;
-    private volatile Instant lastUseTime;
     private volatile SpannerException lastException;
     private volatile boolean allowReplacing = true;
 
@@ -1409,7 +1398,9 @@ class PooledSession implements Session {
     private PooledSession(SessionImpl delegate) {
       this.delegate = delegate;
       this.state = SessionState.AVAILABLE;
-      this.lastUseTime = clock.instant();
+
+      // initialise the lastUseTime field for each session.
+      this.markUsed();
     }
 
     int getChannel() {
@@ -1631,7 +1622,7 @@ private void markClosing() {
     }
 
     void markUsed() {
-      lastUseTime = clock.instant();
+      delegate.markUsed(clock.instant());
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -1827,7 +1818,7 @@ private void removeIdleSessions(Instant currTime) {
         Iterator<PooledSession> iterator = sessions.descendingIterator();
         while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           PooledSession session = iterator.next();
-          if (session.lastUseTime.isBefore(minLastUseTime)) {
+          if (session.delegate.getLastUseTime().isBefore(minLastUseTime)) {
             if (session.state != SessionState.CLOSING) {
               boolean isRemoved = removeFromPool(session);
               if (isRemoved) {
@@ -1929,7 +1920,8 @@ private void removeLongRunningSessions(
             // collection is populated only when the get() method in {@code PooledSessionFuture} is
             // called.
             final PooledSession session = sessionFuture.get();
-            final Duration durationFromLastUse = Duration.between(session.lastUseTime, currentTime);
+            final Duration durationFromLastUse =
+                Duration.between(session.delegate.getLastUseTime(), currentTime);
             if (!session.eligibleForLongRunning
                 && durationFromLastUse.compareTo(
                         inactiveTransactionRemovalOptions.getIdleTimeThreshold())
@@ -2327,7 +2319,7 @@ private PooledSession findSessionToKeepAlive(
         && (numChecked + numAlreadyChecked)
             < (options.getMinSessions() + options.getMaxIdleSessions() - numSessionsInUse)) {
       PooledSession session = iterator.next();
-      if (session.lastUseTime.isBefore(keepAliveThreshold)) {
+      if (session.delegate.getLastUseTime().isBefore(keepAliveThreshold)) {
         iterator.remove();
         return session;
       }

google-cloud-spanner/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/spanner/SessionPoolOptions.java

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 package com.google.cloud.spanner;
 
-import com.google.cloud.spanner.SessionPool.Clock;
 import com.google.cloud.spanner.SessionPool.Position;
 import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;

google-cloud-spanner/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/spanner/TransactionRunnerImpl.java

@@ -85,12 +85,19 @@ class TransactionRunnerImpl implements SessionTransaction, TransactionRunner {
   @VisibleForTesting
   static class TransactionContextImpl extends AbstractReadContext implements TransactionContext {
     static class Builder extends AbstractReadContext.Builder<Builder, TransactionContextImpl> {
+
+      private Clock clock = new Clock();
       private ByteString transactionId;
       private Options options;
       private boolean trackTransactionStarter;
 
       private Builder() {}
 
+      Builder setClock(Clock clock) {
+        this.clock = Preconditions.checkNotNull(clock);
+        return self();
+      }
+
       Builder setTransactionId(ByteString transactionId) {
         this.transactionId = transactionId;
         return self();
@@ -189,13 +196,15 @@ public void removeListener(Runnable listener) {
     volatile ByteString transactionId;
 
     private CommitResponse commitResponse;
+    private final Clock clock;
 
     private TransactionContextImpl(Builder builder) {
       super(builder);
       this.transactionId = builder.transactionId;
       this.trackTransactionStarter = builder.trackTransactionStarter;
       this.options = builder.options;
       this.finishedAsyncOperations.set(null);
+      this.clock = builder.clock;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -389,6 +398,7 @@ public void run() {
               tracer.spanBuilderWithExplicitParent(SpannerImpl.COMMIT, span).startSpan();
           final ApiFuture<com.google.spanner.v1.CommitResponse> commitFuture =
               rpc.commitAsync(commitRequest, session.getOptions());
+          session.markUsed(clock.instant());
           commitFuture.addListener(
               tracer.withSpan(
                   opSpan,
@@ -463,12 +473,15 @@ ApiFuture<Empty> rollbackAsync() {
       // is still in flight. That transaction will then automatically be terminated by the server.
       if (transactionId != null) {
         span.addAnnotation("Starting Rollback");
-        return rpc.rollbackAsync(
-            RollbackRequest.newBuilder()
-                .setSession(session.getName())
-                .setTransactionId(transactionId)
-                .build(),
-            session.getOptions());
+        ApiFuture<Empty> apiFuture =
+            rpc.rollbackAsync(
+                RollbackRequest.newBuilder()
+                    .setSession(session.getName())
+                    .setTransactionId(transactionId)
+                    .build(),
+                session.getOptions());
+        session.markUsed(clock.instant());
+        return apiFuture;
       } else {
         return ApiFutures.immediateFuture(Empty.getDefaultInstance());
       }
@@ -723,6 +736,7 @@ private ResultSet internalExecuteUpdate(
       try {
         com.google.spanner.v1.ResultSet resultSet =
             rpc.executeQuery(builder.build(), session.getOptions(), isRouteToLeader());
+        session.markUsed(clock.instant());
         if (resultSet.getMetadata().hasTransaction()) {
           onTransactionMetadata(
               resultSet.getMetadata().getTransaction(), builder.getTransaction().hasBegin());
@@ -753,6 +767,7 @@ public ApiFuture<Long> executeUpdateAsync(Statement statement, UpdateOption... o
         // commit.
         increaseAsyncOperations();
         resultSet = rpc.executeQueryAsync(builder.build(), session.getOptions(), isRouteToLeader());
+        session.markUsed(clock.instant());
       } catch (Throwable t) {
         decreaseAsyncOperations();
         throw t;
@@ -824,6 +839,7 @@ public long[] batchUpdate(Iterable<Statement> statements, UpdateOption... option
       try {
         com.google.spanner.v1.ExecuteBatchDmlResponse response =
             rpc.executeBatchDml(builder.build(), session.getOptions());
+        session.markUsed(clock.instant());
         long[] results = new long[response.getResultSetsCount()];
         for (int i = 0; i < response.getResultSetsCount(); ++i) {
           results[i] = response.getResultSets(i).getStats().getRowCountExact();
@@ -863,6 +879,7 @@ public ApiFuture<long[]> batchUpdateAsync(
         // commit.
         increaseAsyncOperations();
         response = rpc.executeBatchDmlAsync(builder.build(), session.getOptions());
+        session.markUsed(clock.instant());
       } catch (Throwable t) {
         decreaseAsyncOperations();
         throw t;