Updating the Azure SDK to v40.3.0 / AzureAD to v0.8.0

[tombuildsstuff]

This PR supersedes #6049 as nested go modules and merge conflicts do not spark joy - but fundamentally this:

• updates github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go to v40.3.0
• updates github.com/Azure/go-autorest to our fork containing auth/storage: support for the SharedKey implementation used by the Storage Accounts Data Plane API Azure/go-autorest#512
• updates github.com/terraform-providers/terraform-provider-azuread to v0.8.0
• code changes needed for v40.3.0 of the Azure SDK - including opting into the old count 429's as requests which should be retried without adding to the total failure count

Enables #5769
Enables #5696

[katbyte]

LGTM 👍

[sebader]

btw, the title of this PR is a bit misleading as it states Azure SDK v43.0 instead of v40.3.0 :) Or did I misunderstood something in the versioning for the go sdk?

[tombuildsstuff]

@sebader good spot 😅

[ghost]

This has been released in version 2.3.0 of the provider. Please see the Terraform documentation on provider versioning or reach out if you need any assistance upgrading. As an example:

provider "azurerm" {
    version = "~> 2.3.0"
}
# ... other configuration ...

[ghost]

I'm going to lock this issue because it has been closed for 30 days ⏳. This helps our maintainers find and focus on the active issues.

If you feel this issue should be reopened, we encourage creating a new issue linking back to this one for added context. If you feel I made an error 🤖 🙉 , please reach out to my human friends 👉 hashibot-feedback@hashicorp.com. Thanks!