More information: https://github.com/certbot/certbot
docker build --rm -t heckenmann/letsencrypt github.com/heckenmann/letsencrypt-certbot-docker
(You have to set your domain)
docker run -it --name letsencrypt -e DOMAIN=<<YOUR_DOMAIN>> heckenmann/letsencrypt
docker cp letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt/archive <<your-favorite-directory>>