Initialize reporters early in the process

[aaronabramov]

addresses #4471

1. VerboseReporter is gone, and we're back to a single DefaultReporter that will print extra data in verbose mode. (i want to merge SummaryReproter back too at some point)
2. We don't modify globalConfig anymore (globalConfig = Object.freeze(Object.assign({}, globalConfig, {verbose: true}));) i hope that was the last place.
3. Reporting logic is gone from test_scheduler.js and now fully encapsulated in reporter_dispatcher.js
4. All reporters are initialized right after we get globalConfig in jest cli

a few bad things:

1. i broke the rerun feature in NotifyReporter. We have a sketchy implementation that passes an extra function to all reporters that reruns the build. This function has to be passed during runtime, which means it can't be a custom option for a single reporter.
2. I have to pass verbose all over the place just because we don't know whether we run verbose until we get the number of test we're going to run. Which means we either mutate the immutable config (bad) or pass an extra option all over the place (still bad, but not as bad)

in the next PR i want to add a few extra reporter events. specifically configInitialized, contextsReady, and projectRunsComplete

[codecov-io]

Codecov Report

Merging #4480 into master will decrease coverage by 0.77%.
The diff coverage is 16.85%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #4480      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   56.85%   56.08%   -0.78%     
==========================================
  Files         186      187       +1     
  Lines        6300     6330      +30     
  Branches        3        3              
==========================================
- Hits         3582     3550      -32     
- Misses       2717     2779      +62     
  Partials        1        1

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
packages/jest-runner/src/index.js	55% <ø> (ø)	⬆️
packages/jest-cli/src/reporter_dispatcher.js	0% <0%> (-25%)	⬇️
packages/jest-runner/src/test_worker.js	0% <0%> (ø)	⬆️
packages/jest-cli/src/run_jest.js	0% <0%> (ø)	⬆️
packages/jest-cli/src/test_scheduler.js	0% <0%> (-16.95%)	⬇️
packages/jest-runner/src/run_test.js	2.22% <0%> (ø)	⬆️
packages/jest-cli/src/reporters/notify_reporter.js	0% <0%> (-8.7%)	⬇️
...s/jest-cli/src/reporters/_group_tests_by_suites.js	100% <100%> (ø)
packages/jest-cli/src/should_use_verbose.js	100% <100%> (ø)
packages/jest-cli/src/watch.js	73.17% <50%> (-0.39%)	⬇️
... and 9 more

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[cpojer]

Could you split this up into smaller commits and smaller PRs that make this easier to review?

• PR for unrelated preparatory work
• Merge Default and Verbose reporter
• …

etc.?

[aaronabramov]

will do!

[github-actions]

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