Secure adaptive streaming (MSE, EME, ABR, DASH)

This repository is a web player application that:

• parses DASH manifest,
• implements MSE (Media Source Extensions) API to play fragmented/segmented content,
• implements adaptive bitrate (ABR),
• implements EME (Encrypted Media Extensions) API to derypt an encrypted content,
• plays content using HTMLMediaElement src attribute.

It also provides instructions to create a fragmented content, adaptive bitrate content, and encrypted content.

Available endpoints:

• /bitrate - tests adaptive bitrate (ABR)
• /encrypted - tests Encrypted Media Extensions (EME)
• /fragmented-dash - tests Media Source Extensions and Dash manifest (MSE + Dash)
• /normal - tests normal playback by assigning a video file to the src
• /fragmented - tests normal playback by assigning a fragmented video to the src

Prerequisites

1. bento4 - a tool that allows you to fragment the mp4 file, encrypt it and create DASH manifest.
2. ffmpeg - a tool that allow you to manipulate the mp4 file, change codecs, bitrates, etc.

Optional

1. mediainfo - a tool that allows you to see details of a given mp4 file, i.e. duration, codecs, bitrate, etc.
2. mlynoteka - online website that parses mp4 file and shows its atoms in a tree structure.

Getting Started

Run the app

Run yarn to install dependencies and start development server:

npm run dev
# or
yarn dev
# or
pnpm dev
# or
bun dev

Open http://localhost:3000 with your browser to see the result.

You can start editing the page by modifying app/page.tsx. The page auto-updates as you edit the file.

Prepare the content

1. First, create a public folder in the root repository.
2. Then, download BigBuckBunny.mp4 and place it within the /public folder.
3. Depending on which endpoint you would like to test, do the following:

/normal

Nothing to do here. You should be able to watch the video already.

/fragmented

1. Open /public folder and fragment the BigBuckBunny.mp4 file:

mp4fragment BigBuckBunny.mp4 BigBuckBunny_fragmented.mp4

That's it! You should be able to watch the video already.

/fragmented-dash

1. Go to /public folder.
2. Fragment the BigBuckBunny.mp4 file:

mp4fragment BigBuckBunny.mp4 BigBuckBunny_fragmented.mp4

1. Create output-fragmented folder within the /public and open it:

cd public && mkdir output-fragmented && cd output-fragmented

1. Create DASH manifest:

mp4dash ../BigBuckBunny-fragmented.mp4

That's it! You should be able to watch the video already.

/bitrate

1. Go to /public folder.
2. Encode the BigBuckBunny.mp4 file with different bitrates:

ffmpeg -i ../BigBuckBunny.mp4 -b:v 360k -b:a 64k -s 640x360 -keyint_min 48 -g 48 -sc_threshold 0 BigBuckBunny_360p.mp4
ffmpeg -i ../BigBuckBunny.mp4 -b:v 2000k -b:a 64k -s 2560x1440 -keyint_min 48 -g 48 -sc_threshold 0 BigBuckBunny_1440p.mp4
...

3. Fragment all files:

mp4fragment BigBuckBunny_360p.mp4 BigBuckBunny_360p-f.mp4
mp4fragment BigBuckBunny_1440p.mp4 BigBuckBunny_1440p-f.mp4
...

4. Create output-bitrate folder within the /public and open it:

cd public && mkdir output-bitrate && cd output-bitrate

5. Create DASH manifest:

mp4dash ../BigBuckBunny_360p-f.mp4 ../BigBuckBunny_1440p-f.mp4 ...

That's it! You should be able to watch the video already.

/encrypted

1. Go to /public folder.
2. Fragment the BigBuckBunny.mp4 file:

mp4fragment BigBuckBunny.mp4 BigBuckBunny_fragmented.mp4

3. Create output-encrypted folder within the /public and open it:

cd public && mkdir output-encrypted && cd output-encrypted

4. Create DASH manifest and encrypted the content with a $KEY:

mp4dash --widevine-header provider:widevine_test#content_id:2a --encryption-key $KEY ../BigBuckBunny-fragmented.mp4

That's it! You should be able to watch the video already.