This document describe how to perfectly setup a Mac as web developing environment. Mostly I'm focused PHP environment. If you have any suggestion, feel free to contact me by email or twitter.
The following is Contents.
- Greate IDE and Apps.
- Xcode or Command Line Tools
- System Integrity Protection
- Homebrew
- Nginx, PHP, and MySQL
- DNS and Port Forwarding
- Final
There are many greate IDE and Apps avalibe on Mac OS X.
-
IDE: TextMate, Sublime Text 2/3, Atom
-
Terminal: iTerm2
-
Window Management: Spectacle
-
Password Mangement : 1Password
-
Cloud Storage: Dropbox, OneDrive, Google Drive
-
Others:
- Keep your mac awake: KeepingYouAwake: -
- GIF Record: LICEcap
- Keyboard Remap: Karabiner
- MySQL/PostgreSQL GUI Client: Sequel Pro, PSequel
- ImageOptim
-
Extensions
- Emmet
- DocBlockr: Sublime Text, Atom
- For Chrome
- For Safari
If you are a Mac/iOS developer, you have to install Xcode. If not you just install Command Line Tools.
xcode-select --install
If you have installed Xcode from App Store
xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
Since OS X E10.11, Apple has enabled a new default security oriented featured called System Integrity Protection, often called rootless.
Unfortunately, this feature will disturb us install Homebrew and modify system-wild configurations, such as firewall. So we have to disable it during setup environment. After this setup, it's better to re-enable SIP.
Disable step:
- Restart Mac and hold
CMD+Rkeys. - Enter recovery mode, open Utility -> Terminal
- Execute
csrutil disable - Reboot
Re-enable step:
- Enter Recovery mode and execute
csrutil enable - Reboot
You can check SIP status by csrutil status
Homebrew is a greate build system for OS X. It just like Ports Tree on FreeBSD.
ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
After install Homebrew, better to install homebrew git instead of Apple's.
brew install git
I prefer to using Nginx as web server, because it's simple enough.
brew install nginx
Homebrew pre-built PHP-curl is using system-wild curl library, but it cause some problem, so that use brew version curl and openssl is a good option.
brew install curl --with-openssl
Although PHP7 is came out, but PHP 5.x is more stable and many project hasn't capitiable with PHP7.
Before install php56, tap a PHP repo is necessary.
brew tap homebrew/php
Then install php56 with homebrew libxml2 and curl.
brew install php56 --with-homebrew-libxml2 --with-homebrew-curl --with-pear
If you have other php module need to install, just brew search php-* and install it.
MySQL/PostgreSQL is very good partner for PHP/Django/Rails
brew install mysql postgresql
Homebrew Services can manage every service you install and control by launchctl
brew tap homebrew/services
So that you can:
- start mysql by
brew services start mysql - restart php-fpm by
brew services restart php56 - stop Nginx by
brew services stop Nginx
Only root user able to LISTEN 1000-under port, Nginx is install by user and started by user, so that can't listen 80 port, but we don't want open link with port like http://foo.dev:8080, so we have to setup port forwarding. Here is steps.
- Nginx:
/usr/local/etc/nginx/servers/dev.conf
*** DO NOT forget to replace USERNAME with yours. ***
server {
listen 8080;
server_name ~^(.+)\.dev$;
set $file_path $1;
root /Users/USERNAME/workspace/www/$file_path/public;
location / {
index index.html index.php;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}
charset utf-8;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /Users/USERNAME/workspace/www/$file_path/public;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # PHP-FPM default running on this port.
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
This configuration will point foobar.dev to /Users/USERNAME/workspace/www/foobar/public and put route to index.php, most PHP framework routing like this.
And then restart Nginx with following command.
brew services restart nginx
In developing environment, you'd better config a .dev domain which point to localhost and simply address to different project by name. e.g. foo.dev -> ~/workspace/foo and bar.dev -> ~/workspace/bar. So that we can access it directly in browser.
dnsmasq is powerful dns cache and easy to config.
brew install dnsmasq
Start dnsmasq by Homebrew Services brew services start dnsmasq
Edit /usr/local/etc/dnsmasq.conf with following lines.
address=/.dev/127.0.0.1
listen-address=127.0.0.1
port=35353
Make a directory sudo mkdir /etc/resolver and put a file named dev which content is:
nameserver 127.0.0.1
port 35353
Check it works fine or not by ping foobar.dev
Since Yosemite(10.10), ipfw is replaced by pf. Here is how to do port forwarding with pf
- Create a pf rules file
/etc/pf.anchors/dev.cutedge
rdr pass on lo0 inet proto tcp from any to self port 80 -> 127.0.0.1 port 8080
rdr pass on lo0 inet proto tcp from any to self port 443 -> 127.0.0.1 port 8443
NOTICE: Last line of this file MUST be blank line.
Test this anchor file:
sudo pfctl -vnf /etc/pf.anchors/dev.cutedge
Check pf status:
sudo pfctl -s nat
Modify /etc/pf.conf
- Append line
rdr-anchor "devport"after linerdr-anchor "com.apple/*" - Append line
load anchor "devport" from "/etc/pf.anchors/dev.cutedge"afterload anchor "com.apple" from "/etc/pf.anchors/com.apple"
And keep last line is blank.
Check pf.conf by sudo pfctl -ef /etc/pf.conf
- Automate start pf
sudo defaults write /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.pfctl ProgramArguments '(pfctl, -f, /etc/pf.conf, -e)'
This need SIP is disabled.
OK, Right now, we have setup local PHP developing environment. Let enjoy it.
Don't forget to turn on SIP.