[Carousel] Refactor to reuse logic between different Carousel strateg…

…y classes

- Moved Arrangement class outside of MultiBrowseStrategy
- Added helper class CarouselStrategyHelper and moved common logic in MultiBrowseStrategy to CarouselStrategyHelper

PiperOrigin-RevId: 528924778

lib/java/com/google/android/material/carousel/Arrangement.java

@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.google.android.material.carousel;
+
+import static java.lang.Math.abs;
+import static java.lang.Math.max;
+import static java.lang.Math.min;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.core.math.MathUtils;
+
+/**
+ * A class that holds data about a combination of large, medium, and small items, knows how to alter
+ * an arrangement to fit within an available space, and can assess the arrangement's
+ * desirability according to a priority heuristic.
+ */
+final class Arrangement {
+
+  // Specifies a percentage of a medium item's size by which it can be increased or decreased to
+  // help fit an arrangement into the carousel's available space.
+  private static final float MEDIUM_ITEM_FLEX_PERCENTAGE = .1F;
+
+  final int priority;
+  float smallSize;
+  final int smallCount;
+  final int mediumCount;
+  float mediumSize;
+  float largeSize;
+  final int largeCount;
+  final float cost;
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a new arrangement by taking in a number of small, medium, and large items and the
+   * size each would like to be and then fitting the sizes to work within the {@code
+   * availableSpace}.
+   *
+   * <p>Note: The values for each item size after construction will likely differ from the target
+   * values passed to the constructor since the constructor handles altering the sizes until the
+   * total count is able to fit within the space see {@link #fit(float, float, float, float)} for
+   * more details.
+   *
+   * @param priority the order in which this arrangement should be preferred against other
+   *     arrangements that fit
+   * @param targetSmallSize the size of a small item in this arrangement
+   * @param minSmallSize the minimum size a small item is allowed to be
+   * @param maxSmallSize the maximum size a small item is allowed to be
+   * @param smallCount the number of small items in this arrangement
+   * @param targetMediumSize the size of medium items in this arrangement
+   * @param mediumCount the number of medium items in this arrangement
+   * @param targetLargeSize the size of large items in this arrangement
+   * @param largeCount the number of large items in this arrangement
+   * @param availableSpace the space this arrangement needs to fit within
+   */
+  Arrangement(
+      int priority,
+      float targetSmallSize,
+      float minSmallSize,
+      float maxSmallSize,
+      int smallCount,
+      float targetMediumSize,
+      int mediumCount,
+      float targetLargeSize,
+      int largeCount,
+      float availableSpace) {
+    this.priority = priority;
+    this.smallSize = MathUtils.clamp(targetSmallSize, minSmallSize, maxSmallSize);
+    this.smallCount = smallCount;
+    this.mediumSize = targetMediumSize;
+    this.mediumCount = mediumCount;
+    this.largeSize = targetLargeSize;
+    this.largeCount = largeCount;
+
+    fit(availableSpace, minSmallSize, maxSmallSize, targetLargeSize);
+    this.cost = cost(targetLargeSize);
+  }
+
+  @NonNull
+  @Override
+  public String toString() {
+    return "Arrangement [priority="
+        + priority
+        + ", smallCount="
+        + smallCount
+        + ", smallSize="
+        + smallSize
+        + ", mediumCount="
+        + mediumCount
+        + ", mediumSize="
+        + mediumSize
+        + ", largeCount="
+        + largeCount
+        + ", largeSize="
+        + largeSize
+        + ", cost="
+        + cost
+        + "]";
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the total space taken by this arrangement. */
+  private float getSpace() {
+    return (largeSize * largeCount) + (mediumSize * mediumCount) + (smallSize * smallCount);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Alters the item sizes of this arrangement until the space occupied fits within the {@code
+   * availableSpace}.
+   *
+   * <p>This method tries to adjust the size of large items as little as possible by first adjusting
+   * small items as much as possible, then adjusting medium items as much as possible, and finally
+   * adjusting large items if the arrangement is still unable to fit.
+   *
+   * @param availableSpace the size of the carousel this arrangement needs to fit
+   * @param minSmallSize the minimum size small items can be
+   * @param maxSmallSize the maximum size small items can be
+   * @param targetLargeSize the target size for large items
+   */
+  private void fit(
+      float availableSpace, float minSmallSize, float maxSmallSize, float targetLargeSize) {
+    float delta = availableSpace - getSpace();
+    // First, resize small items within their allowable min-max range to try to fit the
+    // arrangement into the available space.
+    if (smallCount > 0 && delta > 0) {
+      // grow the small items
+      smallSize += min(delta / smallCount, maxSmallSize - smallSize);
+    } else if (smallCount > 0 && delta < 0) {
+      // shrink the small items
+      smallSize += max(delta / smallCount, minSmallSize - smallSize);
+    }
+
+    largeSize =
+        calculateLargeSize(availableSpace, smallCount, smallSize, mediumCount, largeCount);
+    mediumSize = (largeSize + smallSize) / 2F;
+
+    // If the large size has been adjusted away from its target size to fit the arrangement,
+    // counter this as much as possible by altering the medium item within its acceptable flex
+    // range.
+    if (mediumCount > 0 && largeSize != targetLargeSize) {
+      float targetAdjustment = (targetLargeSize - largeSize) * largeCount;
+      float availableMediumFlex = (mediumSize * MEDIUM_ITEM_FLEX_PERCENTAGE) * mediumCount;
+      float distribute = min(abs(targetAdjustment), availableMediumFlex);
+      if (targetAdjustment > 0F) {
+        // Reduce the size of the medium item and give it back to the large items
+        mediumSize -= (distribute / mediumCount);
+        largeSize += (distribute / largeCount);
+      } else {
+        // Increase the size of the medium item and take from the large items
+        mediumSize += (distribute / mediumCount);
+        largeSize -= (distribute / largeCount);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Calculates the large size that is able to fit within the available space given item counts,
+   * the small size, and that the medium size is {@code (largeSize + smallSize) / 2}.
+   *
+   * <p>This method solves the following equation for largeSize:
+   *
+   * <p>{@code availableSpace = (largeSize * largeCount) + (((largeSize + smallSize) / 2) *
+   * mediumCount) + (smallSize * smallCount)}
+   *
+   * @param availableSpace the total available space
+   * @param smallCount the number of small items in the arrangement
+   * @param smallSize the size of small items in the arrangement
+   * @param mediumCount the number of medium items in the arrangement
+   * @param largeCount the number of large items in the arrangement
+   * @return the large item size which will fit for the available space and other item constraints
+   */
+  private float calculateLargeSize(
+      float availableSpace, int smallCount, float smallSize, int mediumCount, int largeCount) {
+    // Zero out small size if there are no small items
+    smallSize = smallCount > 0 ? smallSize : 0F;
+    return (availableSpace - (((float) smallCount) + ((float) mediumCount) / 2F) * smallSize)
+        / (((float) largeCount) + ((float) mediumCount) / 2F);
+  }
+
+  private boolean isValid() {
+    if (largeCount > 0 && smallCount > 0 && mediumCount > 0) {
+      return largeSize > mediumSize && mediumSize > smallSize;
+    } else if (largeCount > 0 && smallCount > 0) {
+      return largeSize > smallSize;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Calculates the cost of this arrangement to determine visual desirability and adherence to
+   * inputs.
+   *
+   * @param targetLargeSize the size large items would like to be
+   * @return a float representing the cost of this arrangement where the lower the cost the better
+   */
+  private float cost(float targetLargeSize) {
+    if (!isValid()) {
+      return Float.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+    // Arrangements have a lower cost if they have a priority closer to 1 and their largeSize is
+    // altered as little as possible.
+    return abs(targetLargeSize - largeSize) * priority;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create an arrangement for all possible permutations for {@code smallCounts} and {@code
+   * largeCounts}, fit each into the available space, and return the arrangement with the lowest
+   * cost.
+   *
+   * <p>Keep in mind that the returned arrangements do not take into account the available space
+   * from the carousel. They will all occupy varying degrees of more or less space. The caller needs
+   * to handle sorting the returned list, picking the most desirable arrangement, and fitting the
+   * arrangement to the size of the carousel.
+   *
+   * @param availableSpace the space the arrangement needs to fit
+   * @param targetSmallSize the size small items would like to be
+   * @param minSmallSize the minimum size small items are allowed to be
+   * @param maxSmallSize the maximum size small items are allowed to be
+   * @param smallCounts an array of small item counts for a valid arrangement ordered by priority
+   * @param targetMediumSize the size medium items would like to be
+   * @param mediumCounts an array of medium item counts for a valid arrangement ordered by priority
+   * @param targetLargeSize the size large items would like to be
+   * @param largeCounts an array of large item counts for a valid arrangement ordered by priority
+   * @return the arrangement that is considered the most desirable and has been adjusted to fit
+   *     within the available space
+   */
+    static Arrangement findLowestCostArrangement(
+      float availableSpace,
+      float targetSmallSize,
+      float minSmallSize,
+      float maxSmallSize,
+      int[] smallCounts,
+      float targetMediumSize,
+      int[] mediumCounts,
+      float targetLargeSize,
+      int[] largeCounts) {
+    Arrangement lowestCostArrangement = null;
+    int priority = 1;
+    for (int largeCount : largeCounts) {
+      for (int mediumCount : mediumCounts) {
+        for (int smallCount : smallCounts) {
+          Arrangement arrangement =
+              new Arrangement(
+                  priority,
+                  targetSmallSize,
+                  minSmallSize,
+                  maxSmallSize,
+                  smallCount,
+                  targetMediumSize,
+                  mediumCount,
+                  targetLargeSize,
+                  largeCount,
+                  availableSpace);
+          if (lowestCostArrangement == null || arrangement.cost < lowestCostArrangement.cost) {
+            lowestCostArrangement = arrangement;
+            if (lowestCostArrangement.cost == 0F) {
+              // If the new lowestCostArrangement has a cost of 0, we know it didn't have to alter
+              // the large item size at all. We also know that arrangement permutations will be
+              // generated in order of priority. We can exit early knowing there will not be an
+              // arrangement with a better cost or priority.
+              return lowestCostArrangement;
+            }
+          }
+          priority++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return lowestCostArrangement;
+  }
+}

lib/java/com/google/android/material/carousel/CarouselStrategyHelper.java

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.google.android.material.carousel;
+
+import com.google.android.material.R;
+
+import static com.google.android.material.carousel.CarouselStrategy.getChildMaskPercentage;
+import static java.lang.Math.max;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+
+/**
+ * A helper class with utility methods for {@link CarouselStrategy} implementations.
+ */
+final class CarouselStrategyHelper {
+
+  private CarouselStrategyHelper() {}
+
+  static float getExtraSmallSize(@NonNull Context context) {
+    return context.getResources().getDimension(R.dimen.m3_carousel_gone_size);
+  }
+
+  static float getSmallSizeMin(@NonNull Context context) {
+    return context.getResources().getDimension(R.dimen.m3_carousel_small_item_size_min);
+  }
+
+  static float getSmallSizeMax(@NonNull Context context) {
+    return context.getResources().getDimension(R.dimen.m3_carousel_small_item_size_max);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the {@link KeylineState} associated with the given parameters.
+   *
+   * @param context The context used to load resources.
+   * @param childHorizontalMargins The child margins to use when calculating mask percentage.
+   * @param availableSpace the space that the {@link KeylineState} needs to fit.
+   * @param arrangement the {@link Arrangement} to translate into a {@link KeylineState}.
+   * @return the {@link KeylineState} associated with the arrangement with the lowest cost
+   * according to the item count array priorities and how close it is to the target sizes.
+   */
+  static KeylineState createLeftAlignedKeylineState(
+      @NonNull Context context,
+      float childHorizontalMargins,
+      float availableSpace,
+      @NonNull Arrangement arrangement) {
+
+    float extraSmallChildWidth = getExtraSmallSize(context) + childHorizontalMargins;
+
+    float start = 0F;
+    float extraSmallHeadCenterX = start - (extraSmallChildWidth / 2F);
+
+    float largeStartCenterX = start + (arrangement.largeSize / 2F);
+    float largeEndCenterX =
+        largeStartCenterX + (max(0, arrangement.largeCount - 1) * arrangement.largeSize);
+    start = largeEndCenterX + arrangement.largeSize / 2F;
+
+    float mediumCenterX =
+        arrangement.mediumCount > 0 ? start + (arrangement.mediumSize / 2F) : largeEndCenterX;
+    start = arrangement.mediumCount > 0 ? mediumCenterX + (arrangement.mediumSize / 2F) : start;
+
+    float smallStartCenterX =
+        arrangement.smallCount > 0 ? start + (arrangement.smallSize / 2F) : mediumCenterX;
+
+    float extraSmallTailCenterX = availableSpace + (extraSmallChildWidth / 2F);
+
+    float extraSmallMask =
+        getChildMaskPercentage(extraSmallChildWidth, arrangement.largeSize, childHorizontalMargins);
+    float smallMask =
+        getChildMaskPercentage(
+            arrangement.smallSize, arrangement.largeSize, childHorizontalMargins);
+    float mediumMask =
+        getChildMaskPercentage(
+            arrangement.mediumSize, arrangement.largeSize, childHorizontalMargins);
+    float largeMask = 0F;
+
+    KeylineState.Builder builder =
+        new KeylineState.Builder(arrangement.largeSize)
+            .addKeyline(extraSmallHeadCenterX, extraSmallMask, extraSmallChildWidth)
+            .addKeylineRange(
+                largeStartCenterX, largeMask, arrangement.largeSize, arrangement.largeCount, true);
+    if (arrangement.mediumCount > 0) {
+      builder.addKeyline(mediumCenterX, mediumMask, arrangement.mediumSize);
+    }
+    if (arrangement.smallCount > 0) {
+      builder.addKeylineRange(
+          smallStartCenterX, smallMask, arrangement.smallSize, arrangement.smallCount);
+    }
+    builder.addKeyline(extraSmallTailCenterX, extraSmallMask, extraSmallChildWidth);
+    return builder.build();
+  }
+
+  static int maxValue(int[] array) {
+    int largest = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
+    for (int j : array) {
+      if (j > largest) {
+        largest = j;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return largest;
+  }
+}