feat: Support async local storage in interceptors

[nordfjord]

This is necessary to allow use cases such as allowing interceptors to
change the context in OpenTelemetry. You might for example want to add
Baggage to the context in an interceptor but because of the way it was
structured before the baggage would not make its way into the controller

PR Checklist

Please check if your PR fulfills the following requirements:

• The commit message follows our guidelines: https://github.com/nestjs/nest/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
• Tests for the changes have been added (for bug fixes / features)
• Docs have been added / updated (for bug fixes / features)

PR Type

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

• Bugfix
• Feature
• Code style update (formatting, local variables)
• Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
• Build related changes
• CI related changes
• Other... Please describe:

What is the current behavior?

Before this change the context would be lost before the controller was called because of the deferred nature of the next call.

Issue Number: N/A

What is the new behavior?

This PR makes it possible to use AsyncLocalStorage from interceptors in such a way that the controller method will have access to the storage.

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

• Yes
• No

Not sure if it's a breaking change. If anyone relies on the interceptor chain running asap, but the controller being deferred this would be a breaking change. I find this a highly unlikely scenario so have put it down as a no.

Other information

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build aae6ef71-ee4a-46e5-b19e-3334be198d62

• 7 of 7 (100.0%) changed or added relevant lines in 1 file are covered.
• No unchanged relevant lines lost coverage.
• Overall coverage decreased (-0.002%) to 92.883%

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Totals
Change from base Build aa3fcab8-9499-4650-b471-bc16ef351958:	-0.002%
Covered Lines:	6486
Relevant Lines:	6983

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💛 - Coveralls

[khaelys]

On Nest 9 you can wrap the observable, a snippet can be found here
On Nest 10 now you can just return the Observable from the AsyncLocalStorage:

return MyAsyncLocalStorage.run(mySharableContext, () => {
      // Continue the request handling
      return next.handle();
});